Ultraviolet-C Light Effects in <i>Actinidia</i> spp. Infected by <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>actinidiae</i>

Abstract

Several studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet-band-C (UV-C) irradiation can enhance plants’ natural resistance to pathogens and diseases. A suitable dose of UV-C radiation induces the production of metabolites that strengthen plant defenses, an effect known as “hormesis”. Hormesis presents a promising alternative that could supplement and reduce the use of pesticides, which pose risks to the environment and human health. This paper investigates the effects of UV-C radiation emitted by an array of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) in generating a hormetic response in three kiwifruit species, namely A. chinensis var. deliciosa cv. Hayward, A. chinensis var. chinensis cv. Soreli®, and A. arguta plantlets, grown in vitro and in pots, exposed to the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) either before or after UV-C irradiation. Analyses of morpho-physiological parameters and spectrophotometric assays were conducted to evaluate changes in chlorophyll a and b content, carotenoids, total phenols, and antioxidant activity in relation to the UV-C irradiation. Results indicate partial protection against Psa infection and increased levels of chlorophylls, carotenoids, polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The optimal UV-C dose was determined to be 2.2 kJ/m2 for in vitro shoots and 1.3 kJ/m2, for ex vitro plants.

Keywords

• <i>Actinidia</i>
• hormesis
• <i>in vitro</i> culture
• kiwifruit
• <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i>
• ultraviolet radiation