中西医结合护理 (Jul 2024)
Causes analysis of high-risk medication extravasation in the ICU and prevention measures (ICU常见高危药物外渗原因分析及预防措施)
Abstract
Objective To analyze the reasons of high-risk medication extravasation in the ICU and investigate prevention measures. Methods A total of 213 critically ill patients admitted to the hospital's intensive care unit from October 2022 to November 2023 were selected. The risk factors for high-risk medication extravasation in hospitalized patients were analyzed. The reasons for high-risk medication extravasation were studied, and measures to prevent high-risk medication extravasation and clinical management of high-risk medication extravasation were summarized. Results Among the 213 patients, 19 patients experienced high-risk medication extravasation, with an incidence rate of 8. 92%. Among the 19 patients, 9 cases were attributed to nurse-related factors, accounting for 47. 37% of the cases; 5 cases were due to patient-related factors, accounting for 26. 32%; 3 cases resulted from inappropriate vascular access selection, representing 15. 79% of the cases; and 2 cases were attributed to environmental factors, accounting for 10. 53%. Conclusion When administering intravenous fluids to patients in the intensive care unit, it is essential to be familiar with the types of high-risk extravasation-prone medications. Nurses should conduct a comprehensive assessment of patients' vasculature. Prevention is the primary approach, and targeted preventive measures can effectively prevent high-risk medication extravasation. (目的 分析重症监护室(ICU)患者常见高危药物外渗发生原因, 探讨应对措施。方法 回顾性分析医院ICU 2022 年 10 月— 2023 年 11 月收治的 213 例重症患者的临床资料, 探讨住院期间发生高危药物外渗的风险问题, 分析药物外渗的原因, 总结临床药物外渗预防和应对措施。结果 213 例患者中发生高危药物外渗19 例, 发生率为8. 92%。分析原因: 9(47. 37%)例由护士因素导致, 5(26. 32%)例由患者因素导致, 3(15. 79%)例由药物因素导致, 2(10. 53%)例由环境因素导致。结论 针对ICU患者输液治疗时, 护士需要熟知高危外渗药物种类, 对患者的血管状况进行全面评估, 以预防为主, 通过实施针对性的防范措施降低药物外渗的发生风险。)
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