Detection of the spatial patterns of water storage variation over China in recent 70 years

Abstract

Abstract Terrestrial water storage (TWS) variation is crucial for global hydrological cycles and water resources management under climatic changes. In the previous studies, changes in water storage of some part of China have been studied with GRACE data in recent ten years. However, the spatial pattern of changes in water storage over China may be different in a long period. Here, we aimed to present long-term spatial patterns of TWS over China between 1948 to 2015 by unique Global Land Data Assimilation System Version 2 data and identify possible factors to water storage changes. The results revealed that the inner-annual variations in TWS of China exhibited remarkable downward trends with decreased rate of 0.1 cm/yr. Meanwhile, we found that spatial patterns of TWS in China can be divided into three distinct sub-regions of TWS region with increased, TWS region with decreased, TWS region with insignificant variation. The Northeast had decreased trends (−0.05 cm/yr) due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. Urban expansion is a non-ignorable factor to TWS reduction in Jing-Jin-Ji region (r = 0.61); the west had increased from 1948 to 2015 (0.03 cm/yr) due to precipitation increased and recharge by glacier melt; the south had insignificant trends and TWS varied with precipitation (r = 0.78).