F1000Research (Sep 2021)

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Nepal from 2000 to 2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]

  • Dhan Bahadur Shrestha,
  • Pravash Budhathoki,
  • Yub Raj Sedhai,
  • Achyut Marahatta,
  • Samit Lamichhane,
  • Sarbin Nepal,
  • Anurag Adhikari,
  • Ayusha Poudel,
  • Samata Nepal,
  • Alok Atreya

DOI
https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53970.2
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10

Abstract

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Aims: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 2000-2020 in various parts of Nepal. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using the appropriate keywords. All Nepalese studies mentioning the prevalence of T2DM and/or details such as risk factors were included. Studies were screened using Covidence. Two reviewers independently selected studies based on the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software v.3. Results: A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of T2DM, pre-diabetes, and impaired glucose tolerance in Nepal in the last two decades was 10% (CI, 7.1%- 13.9%), 19.4% (CI, 11.2%- 31.3%), and 11.0% (CI, 4.3%- 25.4%) respectively. The prevalence of T2DM in the year 2010-15 was 7.75% (CI, 3.67-15.61), and it increased to 11.24% between 2015-2020 (CI, 7.89-15.77). There were 2.19 times higher odds of having T2DM if the body mass index was ≥24.9 kg/m2. Analysis showed normal waist circumference, normal blood pressure, and no history of T2DM in a family has 64.1%, 62.1%, and 67.3% lower odds of having T2DM, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of T2DM, pre-diabetes, and impaired glucose tolerance in Nepal was estimated to be 10%, 19.4%, and 11% respectively.