Soil characteristics pattern with the depth as affected by forest conversion to rubber plantation

Abstract

This research was an attempt to study the impact of forest conversion to intensive rubber plantation impact on soil characteristics. We selected three landuses (forest, jungle rubber, and rubber plantation) in Bukit Duabelas and Harapan landscape, Jambi, and each repeated three times. Soil profiles were described and sampled at every 10 cm layer to 200 cm depth. Soil bulk density, pH, basic cations content, and CEC were determined. The result showed that in three landuses, bulk density is relatively low in the upper 20 cm, but increased with depth. Clay content was lower in forest than other landuses, and increased with depth in forest and jungle rubber. In rubber plantation however, fine clay however was accumulated at 60-140 cm depth. The CEC was in accordance with clay content. There was no significant difference in soil pH between all landuses. In rubber plantation, soil pH was commonly higher in the surface, which probably due to liming. Sum of bases decreased with depth and tended to be generally lower in rubber plantation.

Keywords

• forest
• landuse change
• rubber plantation
• soil development
• soil depth