Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies (Jul 2023)
The Influence of Soil Fertility and Precursor Plant on Triticosecale Crop Production
Abstract
As a result of the intercross between wheat - Triticum and rye – Secale, Triticale - Triticosecale is a new variety of grains, used as fodder, which is cultivated on different soil types and in different climate conditions around the world. By intergenetic crossing, the species has obtained both the rusticity of rye and the productivity of wheat. Through the studies and researches carried out in the last years, in the Mureș-Crișul Alb interfluve area, more specifically the Arad Plain landform, it has been persued the behaviour of this species, on different soils, in terms of fertility and texture. Under the same cultivation conditions, two different genetic materials have been tested – the native Haiduc variety, as well as a variety from Hungary. Also, the precursor plants chosen for the two cultivation variants, one of the legumes, respectively lucerne and an oleaginous species commonly for the reference area - autumnal rape, proved to be representative for the cultivation of triticale. The main physical, hydrophysical and chemical properties of the two studied soils, combined with a balanced level of fertilization, significantly influenced the production of grains in the triticale crop and the differences were observed mainly due to soil texture and precursor plant. Still, it is important to highlight that the variations in production were determined by a complete series of factors such as soil fertility, the genetic material used, the precursor plant and the climate conditions of the agricultural year. The average harvest over the three years of cultivation, for all of the varieties was close to 6 t / ha. Among these agricultural years, the period between the years 2018-2019 stood out, as the production exceeded 6 t / ha, having, more precisely, a value of 6.021 kg / ha. Regarding the fertility of the two soils, it has been observed an excedent of about 5% in the productions obtained on the typical chernozem soil type.
