Understanding the human conflict processing network: A review of the literature on direct neural recordings during performance of a modified stroop task

Ryan S. Chung; Jonathon Cavaleri; Shivani Sundaram; Zachary D. Gilbert; Roberto Martin Del Campo-Vera; Andrea Leonor; Austin M. Tang; Kuang-Hsuan Chen; Rinu Sebastian; Arthur Shao; Alexandra Kammen; Emiliano Tabarsi; Angad S. Gogia; Xenos Mason; Christi Heck; Charles Y. Liu; Spencer S. Kellis; Brian Lee

Neuroscience Research (Sep 2024)

Understanding the human conflict processing network: A review of the literature on direct neural recordings during performance of a modified stroop task

Ryan S. Chung,
Jonathon Cavaleri,
Shivani Sundaram,
Zachary D. Gilbert,
Roberto Martin Del Campo-Vera,
Andrea Leonor,
Austin M. Tang,
Kuang-Hsuan Chen,
Rinu Sebastian,
Arthur Shao,
Alexandra Kammen,
Emiliano Tabarsi,
Angad S. Gogia,
Xenos Mason,
Christi Heck,
Charles Y. Liu,
Spencer S. Kellis,
Brian Lee

Affiliations

Ryan S. Chung: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Correspondence to: 1200 N State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Jonathon Cavaleri: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Shivani Sundaram: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Zachary D. Gilbert: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Roberto Martin Del Campo-Vera: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Andrea Leonor: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Austin M. Tang: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Kuang-Hsuan Chen: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Rinu Sebastian: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Arthur Shao: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Alexandra Kammen: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Emiliano Tabarsi: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Angad S. Gogia: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Xenos Mason: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; USC Neurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Christi Heck: Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; USC Neurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Charles Y. Liu: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; USC Neurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Spencer S. Kellis: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; USC Neurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Brian Lee: Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; USC Neurorestoration Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 206
pp. 1 – 19

Abstract

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The Stroop Task is a well-known neuropsychological task developed to investigate conflict processing in the human brain. Our group has utilized direct intracranial neural recordings in various brain regions during performance of a modified color-word Stroop Task to gain a mechanistic understanding of non-emotional human conflict processing. The purpose of this review article is to: 1) synthesize our own studies into a model of human conflict processing, 2) review the current literature on the Stroop Task and other conflict tasks to put our research in context, and 3) describe how these studies define a network in conflict processing. The figures presented are reprinted from our prior publications and key publications referenced in the manuscript. We summarize all studies to date that employ invasive intracranial recordings in humans during performance of conflict-inducing tasks. For our own studies, we analyzed local field potentials (LFPs) from patients with implanted stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes, and we observed intracortical oscillation patterns as well as intercortical temporal relationships in the hippocampus, amygdala, and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) during the cue-processing phase of a modified Stroop Task. Our findings suggest that non-emotional human conflict processing involves modulation across multiple frequency bands within and between brain structures.

Published in Neuroscience Research

ISSN: 0168-0102 (Print); 1872-8111 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/neuroscience-research

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