Relationship between occupational stress， psychological capital and insomnia among nurses： the mediating effect of psychological capital

Abstract

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between occupational stress， psychological capital and insomnia among nurses， and to test the mediating effect of psychological capital on the relationship between nurses' occupational stress and insomnia.MethodsStratified random sampling method was utilized in selecting 810 nurses from a tertiary A-level hospital from March to May 2021. The Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire （ERI）， Psychological Capital Questionnaire （PCQ） and Athens Insomnia Scale （AIS） were used to evaluate the occupational stress， psychological capital and insomnia of nurses， respectively. Then the mediation effect of psychological capital on the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia in nurses was tested by PROCESS macro program.ResultsA total of 658 （81.23%） questionnaires were effectively collected. Analysis found that nurses' effort-reward ratio was positively correlated with AIS score （r=0.379， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with PCQ score （r=-0.275， P<0.01）. Nurses' PCQ score was negatively correlated with AIS score （r=-0.402， P<0.01）. Nurses' occupational stress could negatively predict psychological capital （β=-11.024， t=-7.324， P<0.01）， and positively predict insomnia （β=4.117， t=10.478， P<0.01）. Psychological capital could negatively predict insomnia （β=-0.087， t=-9.083， P<0.01）. The predictive effect of occupational stress on insomnia was statistically significant with psychological capital introduced as a mediating variable （β=3.158， t=8.185， P<0.01）.ConclusionPsychological capital plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia in nurses.

Keywords

• nurse
• occupational stress
• psychological capital
• insomnia