Biomolecules (Jan 2024)

Moderate-High Blood Eosinophilia Is Associated with Increased Hospitalization and Other Asthma Comorbidities

  • Sara Naharro-González,
  • Clara Lorente-Sorolla,
  • José Manuel Rodrigo-Muñoz,
  • Marcela Valverde-Monge,
  • Erwin Javier Pinillos-Robles,
  • Diana Betancor,
  • Mar Fernández-Nieto,
  • Diana Sánchez-Mellado,
  • Marta Gil-Martínez,
  • Jessica Mireya Santillán-Coello,
  • José Miguel Villacampa-Aubá,
  • Ignacio Mahillo-Fernandez,
  • Antonio Herrero-González,
  • Alejandro Perez-González,
  • María Jesús Rodríguez-Nieto,
  • Victoria del Pozo

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14010126
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1
p. 126

Abstract

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(1) Background: Eosinophilia has traditionally been linked to eosinophilic asthma, for which it is the gold-standard prognostic biomarker. However, the association between eosinophilia and the presence of other diseases and comorbidities is yet unclear. (2) Methods: For this retrospective study, we reviewed the electronic medical records of 49,909 subjects with blood eosinophilia to gather data on the presence of asthma, COPD, sleep apnea, tuberculosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases and severe CRSwNP among these subjects. Demographic features including age, sex, and smoking habits were collected, as well as the number of hospitalizations and emergency department visits. T-tests, ANOVA, Fisher test, and logistic regression models were used. (3) Results: For all age groups studied, eosinophilia was significantly more prevalent among asthmatic subjects than nonasthmatics, especially in patients also presenting CRSwNP, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The likelihood of developing asthma, COPD, and CRSwNP, and hospitalization, was increased when BEC was above 600 eosinophils/μL. The association between asthma, CRSwNP, and BEC was corroborated by multiple logistic regressions models. (4) Conclusions: We demonstrated the association of having over 600 blood eosinophils/μL with a higher number of hospitalizations and comorbidities (CRSwNP and COPD), which proves that BEC is a highly useful parameter to consider in subjects who present blood eosinophilia.

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