Технічна інженерія (Jun 2021)
Justification of the safe parameters of the dump with simultaneous dumping of overburden rocks and processing waste
Abstract
The article presents the results of scientific research to determine the possibility of joint placement of overburden rocks and processing waste of iron ore in one dump. Two variants for simultaneous dumping of enrichment wastes in a dry state with overburden rocks of an open pit are considered, namely, dumping of enrichment wastes by bulldozer and dumping of enrichment wastes in funnels. Geomechanical modeling of the dump behavior with combined waste disposal for the proposed variants was performed using the Plaxis 3D software product. For each of the two variants for the simultaneous dumping of enrichment wastes in a dry state with rocks of the open pit overburden, geomechanical models of the behaviour of the dump were built in the process of its formation and at the end of construction. The maximum deformations occurring in it during construction under the condition of the staged formation and the safety factor of the dump stability under the condition of its staged formation were determined. The article presents graphically the regularities of the development of deformation processes in the dump as each stage is formed during the joint storage of overburden rocks and enrichment wastes. On the basis of the performed geomechanical calculations, the possible volumes of wastes placement in the dump were obtained and it was established that with bulldozer dumping during segregation and rubbing of dewatered enrichment waste into the slopes of the dump, it is possible to increase the dump capacity by 8,7 % without changing its geometric dimensions. Provided that dewatered waste from enrichment is dumping in funnels, it has been established that their content in the total volume of the dump will average 21,9 %. The obtained research results make it possible to continue scientific research on the study and forecasting of the geomechanical parameters of dumps during the simultaneous dumping of overburden and dehydrated waste of other minerals, as well as the establishment of optimal storage options in various technological and mining-geological conditions.
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