Beta–Lactam Drug Resistance Pattern In Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates: A Review

Abstract

Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious human disease also considered as a chronological developing zoonotic pathogen of common health and in term of veterinary concern. Pyoginic endocariditis, otitis media, food poisoning, pyogenic infection of the soft tissues and the skin, suppurative pneumonia, and osteomyelitis all are prevalent infection of MRSA in people. MRSA can induce botryomycosis and infected contamination in horses; severe mastitis and pyogenic infection in cattle and ewes with marked toxemia; pustular dermatitis in dogs and cats as well as food poisoning; greasy pig disease in pigs which also called exudative epidermatitis. A number of multilevel random-effects models were fitted to estimate mean occurrence rates of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus, and subgroup analyses were performed to compare antibiotic resistance rates of S. aureus throughout the years and among the methods to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility. This review provides a comprehensive illustration about MRSA including background, epidemiology, resistance, and others. On other hands, different types of antibiotics have been mentioned in which they have been utilized against S. aureus and their mechanism of action is explained as well. Therefore, this review is helpful by its simpleness and comprehensive contents.

Keywords

• antibiotics; β-lactamase; methicillin; mrsa; penicillinase; staphylococcus aureus.