Metabolite Profiling of the Environmental-Controlled Growth of Marsilea crenata Presl. and It's In Vitro and In Silico Antineuroinflammatory Properties

Abstract

This study was aimed to evaluate metabolite contents and antineuroinflammatory potential of Marsilea crenata Presl. grown under a controlled environmental condition. The antineuroinflammatory test has been carried out in vitro using ethanolic extract of M. crenata Presl. leaves on HMC3 microglia cells. An in silico approach was applied to predict the active compounds of the extract. The HMC3 microglia cells were induced with IFNγ to create prolonged inflammatory conditions and then treated with 96% ethanolic extract of the M. crenata leaves of 62.5; 125; and 250 μg/mL. The expression of MHC II was analyzed using the ICC method with the CLSM instrument. Metabolites of the extract were profiled using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS instrument and MassLynx 4.1 software. In silico evaluation was conducted with molecular docking on 3OLS protein using PyRx 0.8 software, and physicochemical properties of the compounds were analyzed using SwissADME webtool. The ethanolic extract of M. crenata Presl. leaves could reduce the MHC II expression in HMC3 microglia cells in all concentrations with the value 97.458; 139.574; and 82.128 AU. The result of metabolite profiling found 79 compounds in the extract. In silico evaluation showed that 19 compounds gave agonist interaction toward 3OLS, and three of them met all parameters of physicochemical analysis. The ethanolic extract of the environmental-controlled growth of M. crenata leaves has antineuroinflammatory activity on HMC3 microglia cells. The extract was predicted to contain some phytoestrogen compounds which act as 3OLS agonists.

Keywords

• Marsilea crenata Presl.
• Environmental-controlled growth
• Neuroinflammatory
• HMC3 microglia cells
• Phytoestrogens