Analytical review of driving axles with integrated traction electric motors for commercial vehicles

Abstract

Trucks with electric propulsion are one direction in the development of transport vehicles. Electric propulsion trucks have different transmission schemes: a classic one including a traction motor, gearbox, driveshaft, driving axle, and a scheme where the traction motor, gearbox, motor cooling system, and axle lubrication system are directly integrated into the driving axle. The layouts of driving axles with integrated traction motors can be divided into three groups: axles with a longitudinal arrangement of the traction motor, axles with a coaxial arrangement of the traction motor and vehicle wheels, and axles with a parallel arrangement of the traction motor axis and vehicle wheels. The layout largely determines technical solutions and requirements for transmission components. The layout is determined by the level of production and set tasks, such as high standardization with the produced products, or using components from the manufacturer’s standard product range.