Prostate Cancer Theranostics – Current Evidence and Future Considerations: a Brief Overview

Abstract

Despite initial response to androgen inhibition, metastatic prostate cancer is invariably an incurable disease. New agents with different mechanisms of action are needed that are capable of producing clinical benefit and prolonging survival. New breakthroughs specific to prostate cancer are being made by combining novel diagnostic molecular imaging modalities with cytotoxic radionuclide payloads to cancer cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment. This concept yielded unprecedented clinical responses in a very challenging population of patients. Targeted radionuclide therapy, mainly targeting prostate-specific antigen (PSMA), is now considered the new standard of care for patients with advanced disease who have progressed to the use of new androgen suppressors and chemotherapy. Targeted radionuclide therapy, mainly focused on prostate-specific antigen, is now considered the new treatment standard for patients with more aggressive disease who have been treated with new androgen suppressors and chemotherapy. The application of the theranostic paradigm has enabled personalized management of prostate cancer patients, with significant potential for future development in the form of a combination therapy with other agents. This freeform review article summarizes the key clinical research in the field of radionuclide targeted therapy for prostate cancer and provides an overview of current practice in this rapidly evolving entity.

Keywords

• Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)
• Peptide
• Radionuclide
• Radiotherapy
• Alpha particle
• Prostate cancer