Research Progress on the Regulation of Important Agronomic Traits in Crops by Non-coding Genetic Resources

Yang YU; Qingfeng ZHU; Jiao XUE; Pei CHEN; Yanzhao FENG

doi:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.09.001

Guangdong nongye kexue (Sep 2024)

Research Progress on the Regulation of Important Agronomic Traits in Crops by Non-coding Genetic Resources

Yang YU,
Qingfeng ZHU,
Jiao XUE,
Pei CHEN,
Yanzhao FENG

Affiliations

Yang YU: Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
Qingfeng ZHU: Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
Jiao XUE: Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
Pei CHEN: Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
Yanzhao FENG: Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.09.001
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 51, no. 9
pp. 1 – 17

Abstract

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In traditional crop genetics research, protein-coding genes have always been the primary focus. However, recent scientific advances have revealed the critical role of non-coding genetic resources in regulating key agronomic traits such as crop yield, quality, and resistance. These non-coding genetic resources include regulatory non-coding RNAs, constitutive non-coding RNAs, non-coding regions of genes, nucleic acid aptamers, and small peptides derived from non-coding sequences. They play crucial roles in gene expression regulation, cellular metabolism, genome stability, and biotechnological applications. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, and functional genomics has provided technical support for the systematic discovery and functional study of these non-coding genetic resources. In the field of crop breeding, the precise regulatory features of non-coding genetic elements offer new strategies for improving agronomic traits, surpassing the limitations of traditional protein-coding gene research. These studies not only reveal the diverse functions and refined regulatory mechanisms of non-coding sequences in controlling complex crop traits but also demonstrate immense application potential. This paper comprehensively reviews the progress in research on non-coding genetic resources in regulating agronomic traits, systematically categorizing these elements and examining their origins and evolutionary background. It discusses in detail the regulatory mechanisms and networks through which these non-coding elements influence critical agronomic traits in crops. Finally, the article explores the potential applications of non-coding genetic resources in crop breeding and presents future directions for their development in genetic improvement. By systematically summarizing current research findings, this review aims to provide a solid theoretical foundation for future studies and promote the innovative application of non-coding genetic resources in crop genetic improvement.

Published in Guangdong nongye kexue

ISSN: 1004-874X (Print)
Publisher: Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Country of publisher: China
LCC subjects: Agriculture
Website: http://gdnykx.cnjournals.org/gdnykx/ch/index.aspx

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