Characterization of patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation

Abstract

Background: acute myocardial infarction is currently worrying the scientific community due to the high numbers of morbidity and mortality that have been reported.Objective: to characterize patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation treated at the Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital from 2015 to 2017.Methodology: a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out with 714 patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation, treated at the aforementioned institution and during the period herein declared. The following variables were assessed: age, sex, presence of coronary risk factors, topographic location of the lesion, degree of cardiac sufficiency, hospital stay, complications, thrombolytic therapy, time of beginning of treatment, status at discharge and causes that prevented thrombolysis. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics.Results: there was a prevalence of the male sex (63,7 %), the 60 to 79 age group (52,07 %), arterial hypertension (70,31 %) as the main associated risk factor, and lesions with inferior topographic location (41,7 %). 70,45 % had a stay lower than 10 days, predominating the left bundle branch block as a complication (11,06 %). 90,9 % of the sample remained alive at discharge, out of which 64,57 % received thrombolytic treatment, with the prolonged wait as the main cause of non-thrombolysis.Conclusions: the studied patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation were characterized, highlighting hypertension as the associated risk factor and a high survival at discharge.

Keywords

• st elevation myocardial infarction
• myocardial ischemia
• risk factors
• hypertension