Directory of Open Access Journals
 
SUPPORT DOAJ
Jump straight to the section about DOAJ XML

DOAJ Widgets

You can embed tools on your own site which interact with the DOAJ. There are two available:

  • Simple Search - a search box which opens the DOAJ with your search text
  • Fixed Query - embed a specific set of results from a pre-defined query to the DOAJ

More information about this feature can be found on the widgets page.

OAI-PMH

Our OAI-PMH service was updated in April 2015. In that update we reinstated the doajarticle metadata tag and provided more granularity to the data. The notes below have been updated to reflect this change.

DOAJ supports OAI-PMH feeds for both Journals and Articles, at different URL-s.

Journal Feed

Identify - you can get to the base Identify endpoint here: http://www.doaj.org/oai?verb=Identify.

ListSets - DOAJ provides all its subject classifications as OAI-PMH sets, so you can harvest just those you are interested in. A full list of the sets can be found at http://www.doaj.org/oai?verb=ListSets.

ListMetadataFormats - DOAJ currently supports only oai_dc, which can be seen here: http://www.doaj.org/oai?verb=ListMetadataFormats.

The metadata held by DOAJ is mapped to Dublin Core in the OAI-PMH feed, with the following interpretations for each Journal field:

Dublin Core Meaning within DOAJ
title The title of the journal
identifier The ISSNs of the journal (both print and electronic) or a link back to the DOAJ record for this journal
subject free-text keywords or formal subject classifications. Formal classifications are prefixed by their scheme (e.g. CLASSIFICATION:Science), except in the case of Library of Congress Classification. LCC subjects are denoted by an additional attribute on this element, xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH".
language The languages that can appear in this journal
relation Links to related resources: the journal home page and the journal author-pays link if relevant
rights The journal's content re-use policy. Will be one of the Creative Commons licences
publisher The publisher/provider of the journal
type The type of the object; always contains "journal"


This is an example record of how a journal record might appear:

<record>
    <header xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
        <identifier>
            oai:doaj.org/journal:9dfe4879964541069dff9bb6d15b65a2
        </identifier>
        <datestamp>2013-12-10T00:23:25Z</datestamp>
        <setSpec>TENDOkVjb25vbWljIHRoZW9yeS4gRGVtb2dyYXBoeQ~~</setSpec>
        <setSpec>TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~</setSpec>
        <setSpec>RE9BSjpFY29ub21pY3M~</setSpec>
        <setSpec>RE9BSjpCdXNpbmVzcyBhbmQgRWNvbm9taWNz</setSpec>
    </header>
    <metadata xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
        <oai_dc:dc xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd">
            <dc:title>Croatian Economic Survey</dc:title>
            <dc:identifier>1330-4860</dc:identifier>
            <dc:identifier>1846-3878</dc:identifier>
            <dc:identifier>
                http://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A%229dfe4879964541069dff9bb6d15b65a2%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%7D
            </dc:identifier>
            <dc:subject>economics</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>post-socialist Europe</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>comparative economics</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>policy formulation</dc:subject>
            <dc:language>English</dc:language>
            <dc:relation>
                http://www.eizg.hr/en-US/Croatian-Economic-Survey-26.aspx
            </dc:relation>
            <dc:publisher>The Institute of Economics, Zagreb</dc:publisher>
            <dc:relation>
                http://www.eizg.hr/en-US/Croatian-Economic-Survey-26.aspx
            </dc:relation>
            <dc:publisher>The Institute of Economics, Zagreb</dc:publisher>
            <dc:date>2013-11-06T15:18:52Z</dc:date>
            <dc:type>journal</dc:type>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Diseases of the musculoskeletal system</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">RC925-935</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Specialties of internal medicine</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">RC581-951</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Internal medicine</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">RC31-1245</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Medicine</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">R</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>SOME_NONLCC_FORMAL_CLASSIFICATION:term</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>DOAJ:Economics</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>DOAJ:Business and Economics</dc:subject>
        </oai_dc:dc>
    </metadata>
</record>
Revision history - Journal OAI-PMH DC
Date changes were made live Changes
20 April 2015
  • subject elements which represent a Library of Congress Classification (LCC) topic will now be marked with an additional OAI DC-compliant attribute to denote this: xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH". LCC subjects will no longer be prefixed by LCC:.
13 December 2013 Initial release

Article Feed

Identify - you can get to the base Identify endpoint here: http://www.doaj.org/oai.article?verb=Identify.

ListSets - DOAJ provides all its subject classifications as OAI-PMH sets, so you can harvest just those you are interested in. A full list of the sets can be found at http://www.doaj.org/oai.article?verb=ListSets.

ListMetadataFormats - DOAJ currently supports the oai_dc and oai_doaj formats, which can be seen here: http://www.doaj.org/oai.article?verb=ListMetadataFormats.

Dublin Core OAI Article format (OAI_DC)

The metadata held by DOAJ is mapped to Dublin Core in the OAI-PMH feed, with the following interpretations for each Article field:

Dublin Core Meaning within DOAJ
title The title of the article
identifier The ISSNs of the journal the article appears in (both print and electronic), the DOI of the article, or a link back to the DOAJ record for this article
subject free-text keywords or formal subject classifications. Formal classifications are prefixed by their scheme (e.g. CLASSIFICATION:Science), except in the case of Library of Congress Classification. LCC subjects are denoted by an additional attribute on this element, xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH".
language The languages that the journal publishing this article publishes in. Does not necessarily strictly denote the language of this article, and there may be multiple language fields provided.
relation Links to related resources: the full-text url
provenance Includes information about the journal's content re-use policy. Will be one of the Creative Commons licences. This does not necessarily indicate the article's re-use policy.
publisher The publisher/provider of the journal this article appears in.
type The type of the object; always contains "article"
date The approximate date of publication.
description The article's abstract
creator The article's authors


This is an example record of how an article record might appear:

<record>
    <header xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
        <identifier>
            oai:doaj.org/article:2f032c66cd6047bdadaf0eddd7ab3341
        </identifier>
        <datestamp>2013-12-10T02:01:04Z</datestamp>
        <setSpec>TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5l</setSpec>
        <setSpec>TENDOk1lZGljaW5l</setSpec>
        <setSpec>RE9BSjpQdWJsaWMgSGVhbHRo</setSpec>
        <setSpec>RE9BSjpIZWFsdGggU2NpZW5jZXM~</setSpec>
    </header>
    <metadata xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
        <oai_dc:dc xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd">
            <dc:title>
                Prevalência e fatores associados ao consumo de cigarros entre estudantes de escolas estaduais do ensino médio de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2002
            </dc:title>
            <dc:identifier>0102-311X</dc:identifier>
            <dc:identifier>1678-4464</dc:identifier>
            <dc:identifier>
                http://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A%222f032c66cd6047bdadaf0eddd7ab3341%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%7D
            </dc:identifier>
            <dc:date>2006-01-01T00:00:00Z</dc:date>
            <dc:relation>
                http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2006000800010
            </dc:relation>
            <dc:description>
            O tabagismo é a segunda principal causa mundial de morte, sendo responsável pela morte de um a cada dez adultos (5 milhões por ano). Se os padrões atuais se mantiverem, em 2020 o tabagismo será a causa de 10 milhões de óbitos anuais, segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde. Realizou-se um estudo transversal, em 2002, no qual foram entrevistados 459 estudantes de oito escolas do ensino médio estadual em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, para determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao tabagismo, obtendo-se um modelo logístico multivariável descrevendo como as chances de ser fumante estão relacionadas com as variáveis investigadas. A prevalência encontrada para o tabagismo foi de 18% (IC95%: 14,6-21,7), sendo que os estudantes começam a fumar, em média, aos 14 anos. Os resultados permitem concluir que os estudantes das escolas estaduais de Santa Maria começam a fumar precocemente, sendo influenciados pelos amigos fumantes (OR = 4,37; p = 0,000), pela renda familiar mensal (OR = 2,04; p = 0,013) e idade (OR = 1,86; p = 0,031), destacando-se a necessidade de se trabalhar, preventivamente, no grupo de risco observado.
            </dc:description>
            <dc:creator>Zanini Roselaine Ruviaro</dc:creator>
            <dc:creator>Moraes Anaelena Bragança de</dc:creator>
            <dc:creator>Trindade Ana Cláudia Antunes</dc:creator>
            <dc:creator>Riboldi João</dc:creator>
            <dc:creator>Medeiros Lídia Rosi de</dc:creator>
            <dc:publisher>
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
            </dc:publisher>
            <dc:subject>Tabagismo</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>Estudantes</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>Estudos Transversais</dc:subject>
            <dc:type>article</dc:type>
            <dc:subject>DOAJ:Public Health</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>DOAJ:Health Sciences</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Diseases of the musculoskeletal system</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">RC925-935</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Specialties of internal medicine</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">RC581-951</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Internal medicine</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">RC31-1245</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">Medicine</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH">R</dc:subject>
            <dc:subject>SOME_NONLCC_FORMAL_CLASSIFICATION:term</dc:subject>
            <dc:language>English</dc:language>
            <dc:language>Spanish</dc:language>
            <dc:language>Portuguese</dc:language>
            <dc:rights>CC BY-NC</dc:rights>
        </oai_dc:dc>
    </metadata>
</record>
Revision history - Article OAI-PMH DC
Date changes were made live Changes
22 August 2016
  • The dc:rights element was removed, as it was technically inacurate - it represented the Journal's overall licence policy, not the specific rights for the article. This information is now in dc:provenance.
20 April 2015
  • The identifier element will now point to the DOAJ article page rather than the /search page. E.g. https://doaj.org/article/0000178c89214dc8b82df1a25c0c478e
  • Up to two new relation elements will appear for each article, containing URL-s to the Table of Contents page for the article's journal. The page can be reached via both print ISSN and E-ISSN, so up to two such links might appear.
  • subject elements which represent a Library of Congress Classification (LCC) topic will now be marked with an additional OAI DC-compliant attribute to denote this: xsi:type="dcterms:LCSH". LCC subjects will no longer be prefixed by LCC:.
13 December 2013 Initial release

DOAJ OAI Article format (OAI_DOAJ)

The following fields are available (not every article will have all the information):

DOAJ OAI field Meaning
language The languages that the journal publishing this article publishes in. Does not necessarily strictly denote the language of this article. Only the first language the journal publishes in is provided, even when multiple are recorded on the journal record.
publisher The publisher/provider of the journal this article appears in.
journalTitle The title of the journal the article appears in.
issn The print ISSN of the journal the article appears in.
eissn The E-ISSN of the journal the article appears in.
publicationDate The article's date of publication. In YYYY-MM-DD format.
volume The journal volume the article appears in.
issue The journal issue the article appears in.
startPage The number of the journal page the article starts on.
endPage The number of the journal page the article ends on.
doi The article's Digital Object Identifier.
publisherRecordId An ID assigned to this article by its publisher and supplied to DOAJ via metadata upload. Not guaranteed to be unique or otherwise useful in any context, simply a way for the publisher to refer to this article.
documentType Will never be present in a OAI_DOAJ article record, even though it's in the XML schema.
title The title of the article
authors A list of <author> elements. Each <author> element can have a <name>, <email> and <affiliationId> child elements. The affiliationId refers to one of the affiliations in the affiliationsList element described below.
affiliationsList A list of <affiliationName> elements. The content of the element will be the name of an organisation one or more authors is associated with. The affiliationId attribute identifies the affiliation, and will be referred to by <author><affiliationId></affiliationId></author> elements.


This is an example record of how an article record might appear:

<record>
    <header xmlns:oai_doaj="http://doaj.org/features/oai_doaj/1.0/">
        <identifier>oai:doaj.org/article:2a48ccce13c546ceab0c6bc5b74d433d</identifier>
        <datestamp>2015-03-21T20:28:31Z</datestamp>
        <setSpec>TENDOkRpc2Vhc2VzIG9mIHRoZSBtdXNjdWxvc2tlbGV0YWwgc3lzdGVt</setSpec>
        <setSpec>TENDOlNwZWNpYWx0aWVzIG9mIGludGVybmFsIG1lZGljaW5l</setSpec>
        <setSpec>TENDOkludGVybmFsIG1lZGljaW5l</setSpec>
        <setSpec>TENDOk1lZGljaW5l</setSpec>
        <setSpec>dGVzdDp0ZXJt</setSpec>
    </header>
    <metadata xmlns:oai_doaj="http://doaj.org/features/oai_doaj/1.0/">
        <oai_doaj:doajArticle xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd http://doaj.org/features/oai_doaj/1.0/ https://doaj.org/static/doaj/doajArticles.xsd">
            <oai_doaj:language>ger</oai_doaj:language>
            <oai_doaj:publisher>Verlag Krause und Pachernegg GmbH</oai_doaj:publisher>
            <oai_doaj:journalTitle>Journal f&#xFC;r Mineralstoffwechsel</oai_doaj:journalTitle>
            <oai_doaj:issn>1023-7763</oai_doaj:issn>
            <oai_doaj:eissn>1680-9408</oai_doaj:eissn>
            <oai_doaj:publicationDate>1998-01-01</oai_doaj:publicationDate>
            <oai_doaj:volume>5</oai_doaj:volume>
            <oai_doaj:issue>1</oai_doaj:issue>
            <oai_doaj:startPage>25</oai_doaj:startPage>
            <oai_doaj:endPage>29</oai_doaj:endPage>
            <oai_doaj:publisherRecordId>648</oai_doaj:publisherRecordId>
            <oai_doaj:title>Leitfaden zur medikament&#xF6;sen Standardtherapie in der Osteoporose</oai_doaj:title>
            <authors>
                <author>
                    <name>Stevo Popovic</name>
                    <affiliationId>0</affiliationId>
                </author>
                <author>
                    <name>Dusko Bjelica</name>
                    <affiliationId>1</affiliationId>
                </author>
                <author>
                    <name>Gabriela Doina Tanase</name>
                    <affiliationId>2</affiliationId>
                </author>
                <author>
                    <name>Rajko Mila&#x161;inovi&#x107;</name>
                    <affiliationId>3</affiliationId>
                </author>
            </authors>
            <affiliationsList>
                <affiliationName affiliationId="0">University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Nik&#x161;i&#x107;, Montenegro</affiliationName>
                <affiliationName affiliationId="1">University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Nik&#x161;i&#x107;, Montenegro</affiliationName>
                <affiliationName affiliationId="2">University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Nik&#x161;i&#x107;, Montenegro</affiliationName>
                <affiliationName affiliationId="3">University of Novi Sad, ACIMSR, Novi Sad, Serbia</affiliationName>
            </affiliationsList>
            <oai_doaj:fullTextUrl format="pdf">http://www.kup.at/kup/pdf/648.pdf</oai_doaj:fullTextUrl>
            <oai_doaj:keywords>
                <oai_doaj:keyword>Empfehlung</oai_doaj:keyword>
                <oai_doaj:keyword>Mineralstoffwechsel</oai_doaj:keyword>
                <oai_doaj:keyword>Osteoporose</oai_doaj:keyword>
                <oai_doaj:keyword>Richtlinie</oai_doaj:keyword>
                <oai_doaj:keyword>Therapie</oai_doaj:keyword>
            </oai_doaj:keywords>
        </oai_doaj:doajArticle>
    </metadata>
</record>
Revision history - Article OAI-PMH DOAJ format
Date changes were made live Changes
20 April 2015 Initial release


File upload info

You need to convert your data to the DOAJ XML file format before you can add them to the DOAJ database.
If you are new to the world of file formats then please be assured that the XML file format is a simple and transparent form of data storage. Unlike some other data formats this one can be read and edited using an ordinary text editor.
You need to first run a script or a program that converts your database into the accepted XML format.
However, for our receiving database to be able to accept your input it is important that it is well written. That is its format must strictly adhere to a set of rules encoded in an XML schema file that we supply.
There are XML checkers/validators that can be found for free on the internet or may already be on your machine. These accepts as input your XML file as well as a description of the format that your XML file must adhere to. There is also help on our 'For Publishers' page.

Example XML File

The example file below contains only one record. Here is a list of each element in the XML file and whether or not it is required information. In reality very little is required by the DTD. However, providing the information to us ensures a more complete bibliographic record at DOAJ and across the web.

Language, ISO code - optional, but max. 1
Publisher - optional, but max. 1
Journal title - required, only 1
ISSN - optional, but max. 1 (Either an ISSN or EISSN must be present though)
EISSN - optional, but max. 1 (Either an ISSN or EISSN must be present though)
Publication Date - required, only 1
Volume number - optional, but max. 1
Issue number - optional, but max. 1
Start page - optional, but max. 1
End page - optional, but max. 1
DOI - optional, but max. 1
Document Type - optional, but max. 1
Title - required and there may be more than 1
Authors - fully optional
Affiliations - fully optional
Abstracts - fully optional
Fulltext url - required, only 1
Keywords - fully optional

PLEASE NOTE that DOAJ does not display or have any need for author email addresses. Publishers should not send email addresses to us in the XML. Recent restrictions on the use of personal data, as laid out by the GDPR, mean that it is your responsibility to ask authors' consent before you distribute their email addresses. DOAJ kindly requests that you DO NOT send any email addresses to us at all. Thank you.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<records>
  <record>
    <language>eng</language>
    <publisher>Popular Chemistry</publisher>
    <journalTitle>Botanical Magazine</journalTitle>
    <issn>17497221</issn>
    <eissn>17497234</eissn>
    <publicationDate>2002-09-30</publicationDate>
    <volume>98</volume>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <startPage>1234</startPage>
    <endPage>1235</endPage>
    <doi>1234567</doi>
    <publisherRecordId>12345</publisherRecordId>
    <documentType>article</documentType>
    <title language="eng">Roses and Lilies</title>
    
    <authors>
      <author>
        <name>Fritz Haber </name>
        <email>[email protected]</email>
        <affiliationId>1</affiliationId>
        <affiliationId>2</affiliationId>
        <affiliationId>3</affiliationId>
      </author>
    </authors>
    <affiliationsList>
      <affiliationName affiliationId="1">
        University of A     
      </affiliationName>
      <affiliationName affiliationId="2">
        Universitaty of B
      </affiliationName> 
      <affiliationName affiliationId="3">
        University of C
      </affiliationName>
    </affiliationsList>




 <= The language tag content must conform to the
    iso 639-2b standard. 
    Find the correct language code.

 <= Here is the issn number of the journal in which
    the article has been published. If you have an eissn
    number instead then this line should be replaced by
    17497221. If you have both issn
    and eissn numbers then the eissn tag should occur
    after the issn tag. 



 <= If the title occurs in more than one language
    then you may include those in your XML. However we can only display one language. The title tag
    has got the attribute language that must be set
    according to the ISO 639-2b standard.

<= The author name should be formatted First Name, Middle Name, Last Name

 <= Note that the affilitationId numbers denote the
    affilitations in the affiliationslist below. 

    <abstract language="eng">
      The catalytic formation of ammonia from hydrogen
      and atmospheric nitrogen under conditions of high
      temperature and high pressure.
    </abstract>
    <fullTextUrl format="pdf">
      http://www.science.org/articles/HaberBosch.pdf
    </fullTextUrl>
    <keywords language="eng">    
      <keyword>garden</keyword>
      <keyword>rose</keyword>
    </keywords>
  </record>

  <record>
   ...
  </record>
   ...

</records>


 <= Here is where your first record ends. You may
    add as many more as you want of similar kind below.

The doajArticles.xsd schema file

This file specifies what may or may not be uploaded to the database.
  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <xs:schema 
  xmlns:xs ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
  xmlns:iso_639-2b="http://www.it.ojp.gov/jxdm/iso_639-2b/1.0">

 <xs:import namespace="http://www.it.ojp.gov/jxdm/iso_639-2b/1.0" 
    schemaLocation="http://www.it.ojp.gov/jxdm/iso_639-2b/1.0/
                    iso_639-2b.xsd">

  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation>

    This schema determines allowable xml file formats
    for upload into the DOAJ database.

    The schema uses imported codes for the representation 
    of names of languages devised by the International 
    Organization for Standardization (ISO) 639-2/B 
    (bibliographic codes). Please note that when two 
    codes separated by a dash occurs in the iso 639-2 
    table then only the first code is used, the 
    bibliographic one. The terminology code that comes 
    second is omitted.

    </xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>
 </xs:import>

 <xs:element name="records">
  <xs:complexType>
   <xs:sequence>
    <xs:element name="record" type="recordType" 
                maxOccurs="unbounded" />
   </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
 </xs:element>

 <xs:complexType name="recordType">
  <xs:sequence>
   <xs:element name="language" 
               type="iso_639-2b:LanguageCodeType" 
               minOccurs="0"/>

   <xs:element name="publisher" type="xs:string" />

   <xs:element name="journalTitle" type="xs:string" />

   <xs:element name="issn" minOccurs="0">
    <xs:simpleType>
     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="[d0-9]{4}-{0,1}[0-9]{3}[0-9xX]{1}"/> 
     </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>
   </xs:element>
	   
   <xs:element name="eissn"  minOccurs="0">
    <xs:simpleType>
     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="[0-9]{4}-{0,1}[0-9]{3}[0-9xX]{1}"/> 
     </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>
   </xs:element>

   <xs:element name="publicationDate">
    <xs:simpleType>
     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="[0-9]{4}(-[0-9]{2}(-[0-9]{2})?)?"/>
     </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>
   </xs:element>

   <xs:element name="volume" type="xs:string"  minOccurs="0"/>
   <xs:element name="issue" type="xs:string"  minOccurs="0"/>
   <xs:element name="startPage" type="xs:string"  minOccurs="0"/>
   <xs:element name="endPage" type="xs:string"  minOccurs="0"/>

   <xs:element name="doi" type="xs:string"  minOccurs="0"/>
            
   <xs:element name="publisherRecordId" type="xs:string"  
           minOccurs="0"/>

   <xs:element name="documentType" type="xs:string"  
           minOccurs="0"/>

   <xs:element name="title" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"> 
    <xs:complexType>
     <xs:simpleContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:string">
       <xs:attribute name="language" 
                           type="iso_639-2b:LanguageCodeType" />
      </xs:extension>
     </xs:simpleContent>
    </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element> 

   <xs:element name="authors" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
    <xs:complexType>
     <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="author" 
                  minOccurs="0"    maxOccurs="unbounded">
       <xs:complexType>
        <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name="name"   type="xs:string" />
         <xs:element name="email"  type="xs:string"
                     minOccurs="0" />
         <xs:element name="affiliationId" 
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
      </xs:element>
     </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>

   <xs:element name="affiliationsList" minOccurs="0" 
         maxOccurs="1">
    <xs:complexType>
     <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="affiliationName" minOccurs="0"  
           maxOccurs="unbounded">
       <xs:complexType>
        <xs:simpleContent>
         <xs:extension base="xs:string">
          <xs:attribute name="affiliationId" type="xs:string" 
                              use="required"/>
         </xs:extension>
        </xs:simpleContent>
       </xs:complexType>
      </xs:element>
     </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
   <xs:element name="abstract" minOccurs="0" 
                     maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <xs:complexType>
     <xs:simpleContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:string">
       <xs:attribute name="language" 
                           type="iso_639-2b:LanguageCodeType" />
      </xs:extension>
     </xs:simpleContent>
    </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
   <xs:element name="fullTextUrl">
    <xs:complexType> 
     <xs:simpleContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:anyURI">
       <xs:attribute name="format" />  
      </xs:extension>
     </xs:simpleContent>
    </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
 
   <xs:element name="keywords"
               minOccurs="0"  maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <xs:complexType>
     <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="keyword"   type="xs:string"
                   minOccurs="0"    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
     </xs:sequence>
     <xs:attribute name="language" 
                         type="iso_639-2b:LanguageCodeType"
                         use="optional"/>
    </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>

  </xs:sequence>
 </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>



<= Here we specify the root 'records' element that
   contains elements of type record.

<= Here we specify the record element. This section
   gives an overview of the elements contained. Some
   elements are specified further below in the
   grey section.
































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