2024-03-28T10:58:29Zhttps://doaj.org/oai.articleoai:doaj.org/article:32c9b3e58fb441e4b8273a02545a637f2024-03-28T10:58:19ZTENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5TENDOlBoYXJtYWN5IGFuZCBtYXRlcmlhIG1lZGljYQ~~engTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice2052-32112024-12-0117110.1080/20523211.2024.2326381Actual practices of community pharmacists in the management of diabetes: a comparison of simulated patient-based study with perceived role of involvementAshenafi Kibret Sendekie0Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye1Yabibal Berie Tadesse2Abera Dessie Dagnaw3Eyayaw Ashete Belachew4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaABSTRACTObjectives: This study evaluated the level of community pharmacy professionals’ (CPPs) actual practices and contrasted it with their self-reported perceived involvement in diabetes management.Methods: A self-reported cross-sectional and simulated patient (SP)-based study were employed at community drug retail outlets (CDROs) in Northwest Ethiopia. SP-case scenarios were used to examine the actual practices of CPPs in diabetes management and were compared with self-reported perceived involvement. The data were managed and analysed using SPSS version 26.Results: About 184 participants in the self-reported and 100 CPPs’ actual practices using three SP visits were included. The overall actual practice (17.8%) was found to be significantly different compared with the perceived level of involvement (73.5%) (p-value <0.05). About 94.3% of CPPs dispensed requested medications to the SP without a prescription. Despite most participants being perceived to be involved, more than 76% of CPPs did not counsel the SP for lifestyle modifications, avoiding risky behaviours, adherence to treatment, routine blood glucose checkups, diabetic foot care techniques, or consultation with physicians for further management.Conclusion: A significant discrepancy between actual practices and perceived CPPs’ involvement in the management of diabetes was observed. The findings may suggest that exploring possible gaps may be crucial.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20523211.2024.2326381Actual practicesCommunity pharmacistsDiabetesPerceived involvementNorthwest EthiopiaSimulated patientsoai:doaj.org/article:ff2a107e01a44eb3ac9f472050febf6b2024-03-28T10:56:29ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Communication2297-900X2024-03-01910.3389/fcomm.2024.13651451365145The materiality key: how work on empirical data can improve analytical models and theoretical frameworks for multimodal discourse analysisArianna MaioraniThis article is a critical reflection on the way the notion of materiality informed the project and the development of The Kinesemiotic Body project carried out by a UK and German research teams and of the model of analysis it adopted, the Functional Grammar of Dance. It starts with an excursus of some of the most interesting developments in other discipline that turned to the investigation of materiality as an epistemological perspective, and it shows how the same type of focus has impacted on multimodal discourse analysis focusing on movement-based communication. The overarching theme that characterises this multidisciplinary attention to materiality is its anchoring function to the temporal and spatial coordinates in which social phenomena are contextualised, which is taken as the fundamental condition for shaping our perception and understanding of the world in all areas of experience and knowledge. A more specific example of how the notion of materiality impacted on the development of movement-based discourse analysis will be provided by an example of analysis of rich movement data captured live from professional dancers from the English National Ballet.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomm.2024.1365145/fullmaterialitymultimodal discourse analysisFunctional Grammar of Danceempirical data analysismovement-based communicationoai:doaj.org/article:009248c5b7614ecda9271297f40969f52024-03-28T10:50:47ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~TENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~engEnvironmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn UniversityApplied Environmental Research2287-075X2024-03-01461Analyzing Climate Change Status through Evaluating Trend of Temperature and Rainfall and Predicting Future Climate Change Status at Lake Tana BasinTesfaye Bayu Zeleke0Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati1Solomon Adissu2Meseret Abatechanie3Debre Markos universitySchool of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia, 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaBahir Dar University, collage of agriculture and environmental science, Ethiopia Research Institute of Rural Revitalization, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, P.O.BOX 425199, Yongzhou, China. abatemeseretchanie3407@huse.edu.cn
The trends of temperature and rainfall are critical indicators of climate change within a certain area. However, the existence of climate change is not locally understood in most parts of the world. This research aims to analyze the trend of temperature and rainfall in the Lake Tana Sub-basin as a means to understand the current and future status of climate change. The trends of temperature and rainfall were analyzed using the modified Mann-Kendall trend test, while the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) was used to predict future temperature and rainfall. The findings reveal that monthly temperatures show a significant increasing trend for March, April, May, June, and December with Z-values of 3.96, 3.32, 2.64, 3.21, and 4.6, respectively. Seasonal and annual temperatures also show a significant increasing trend with Z-values of 4, 5.35, 5.08, and 4.41 for spring, autumn, winter, and annual, respectively. The Mann-Kendall trend analysis results show that monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall exhibit significant increasing trends for some months and seasons. The results of the ARIMA model suggest that the predicted values of temperature and rainfall will continue to increase over the next 10 years in the study area. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that there is a significant and increasing trend in temperature and rainfall, which will likely continue over the next decade, indicating the presence of climate change in the study area. The research findings suggest that temperature and rainfall have been increasing over time, leading to climate change in the study area, so sustainable lake management and urban development should be practiced to mitigate and adopt climate change.
https://ph01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/aer/article/view/253369Climate changeRainfall trendTemperature trendTemperature predictionoai:doaj.org/article:6ed6cd2599144908a745931d688ee8772024-03-28T10:50:36ZTENDOkZvc3NpbCBtYW4uIEh1bWFuIHBhbGVvbnRvbG9neQ~~TENDOlBhbGVvbnRvbG9neQ~~engAsociación Paleontológica ArgentinaPublicación Electrónica de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina2469-02282024-03-0124110.5710/PEAPA.24.02.2024.484SAUROPOD DIVERSITY (DINOSAURIA: SAUROPODA) OF CERRO OVERO – LA INVERNADA (BAJO DE LA CARPA FORMATION, SANTONIAN), NORTHEASTERN NEUQUÉN BASIN, AND PALEOECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR UPPER CRETACEOUS SAUROPOD FAUNASLeonardo Sebastián Filippi0Flavio Bellardini1José Luis Carballido2Agustín Pérez-Moreno3Alberto Carlos Garrido4CONICET - Museo Municipal Argentino UrquizaCONICET - Inst. de Invest. en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG, CONICET - UNRN)CONICET - Museo Paleontológico Egidio FeruglioCONICET - División Paleontología de Vertebrados, FCNyM (UNLP) Museo Provincial de Cs. Nat. ‘Prof. Dr. Juan A. Olsacher’ | CIGPat, UNCo
The Upper Cretaceous fossil vertebrate fauna of the Bajo de la Carpa Formation (Santonian), derived from several different locations in the Neuquén Basin, is relatively abundant and diverse, comprising mainly small to medium-sized reptiles, birds and fishes. The Cerro Overo – La Invernada locality (CO – LI), in the north of the basin, records a similar faunal component for that age, but stands out for its relatively greater abundance and diversity of titanosaur sauropods. The study of the materials presented here allows us to establish the presence of specimens of sauropods other than Overosaurus, the only titanosaur recorded so far in the area, the coexistence of small–medium sized forms with larger forms, which in turn represent some forms with more basal characteristics and others with more derived features. The abundance of the record of sauropods in CO – LI shows both morphological and evolutionary variations, so the discovery of more complete specimens will allow paleofaunistic, paleobiological, and paleoecological studies to be carried out. This will provide a better understanding of the role of titanosaurian sauropods in Late Cretaceous ecosystems.
https://www.peapaleontologica.org.ar/index.php/peapa/article/view/484SauropodaTitanosauriaDiversityUpper CretaceousNeuquén Basinoai:doaj.org/article:9a4e48ac8b9f40aa86ef98caa7a708ef2024-03-28T10:46:39ZTENDOkdlbmVyYWwgV29ya3M~TENDOkV0aG5vbG9neS4gU29jaWFsIGFuZCBjdWx0dXJhbCBhbnRocm9wb2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBzY2llbmNlcyAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engUniversidade do MinhoRevista Lusófona de Estudos Culturais2184-04582183-08862024-03-0111110.21814/rlec.5413A Hibridização do Jornalismo no Engajamento da Causa Climática: Um Estudo de Recepção com Ativistas BrasileirosCaroline Jacobi0Débora Steigleder1Eliege Fante2Eloisa Loose3Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura, Escola de Comunicação, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrasilFaculdade de Biblioteconomia e Comunicação, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrasilFaculdade de Biblioteconomia e Comunicação, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrasilFaculdade de Biblioteconomia e Comunicação, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
Recordes de temperatura e eventos climáticos extremos são cada vez mais frequentes no Brasil, sendo a proteção de biomas e, especialmente, da Amazônia um dos pontos centrais nesse debate. Ainda assim, governos e grandes corporações não têm enviado esforços à altura dessas demandas globais. Para reverter a situação, o jornalismo (que, neste artigo, pode ser entendido como jornalismos) coloca-se como um aspecto importante de visibilidade do debate público e, principalmente, como alavancador do engajamento por parte da sociedade civil, apontando causas, responsabilidades e possíveis soluções a fim de encorajar o envolvimento de todos na resolução dos problemas identificados. A partir do olhar de ativistas brasileiros sobre diferentes temas ou causas, este artigo discute as fronteiras do jornalismo e suas novas possíveis configurações híbridas na relação com o engajamento na causa climática. A partir da perspectiva dos estudos culturais, foi realizado um estudo de recepção, no ano de 2022, com a condução de grupos focais online, com ativistas, de 18 até 35 anos, das cinco regiões do Brasil. A categorização das falas, feita a partir da análise de conteúdo, levou em consideração a irrupção de temas recorrentes e sua relação com o aporte teórico. Dentre os resultados de pesquisa, evidenciou-se, na fala dos participantes, uma permeabilidade de fronteiras entre jornalismo e outros gêneros comunicacionais, sendo que os ativistas também instigaram a possibilidade de o jornalismo adotar mais práticas e características de outros gêneros para propiciar mais engajamento em relação às questões climáticas.
https://rlec.pt/index.php/rlec/article/view/5413jornalismojornalismo de comunicaçãohibridizaçãoestudo de recepçãomudanças climáticasoai:doaj.org/article:f6ff10c4502744ff8e37f4b4850fcb502024-03-28T10:46:38ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2024-03-011410.3389/fonc.2024.13971011397101Corrigendum: Cancer data quality and harmonization in Europe: The experience of the BENCHISTA Project – International Benchmarking of Childhood Cancer Survival by StageAngela Lopez-Cortes0Fabio Didonè1Laura Botta2Lisa L. Hjalgrim3Zsuzsanna Jakab4Adela Cañete Nieto5Charles Stiller6Bernward Zeller7Gemma Gatta8Kathy Pritchard-Jones9The BENCHISTA Project Working GroupUniversity College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology & Cancer Research Department, London, United KingdomFondazione IRCCS “Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano” (INT), Department of Evaluative Epidemiology, Milan, ItalyFondazione IRCCS “Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano” (INT), Department of Evaluative Epidemiology, Milan, ItalyBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomFondazione IRCCS “Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano” (INT), Department of Evaluative Epidemiology, Milan, ItalyUniversity College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology & Cancer Research Department, London, United Kingdomhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2024.1397101/fullchildhood cancerpopulation-basedcancer registryToronto stagingdiagnosissurvivaloai:doaj.org/article:7b3db4d13bc84e38aefeb30ce032545f2024-03-28T10:46:25ZTENDOlNjaWVuY2U~TENDOlBoeXNpY3M~TENDOkdlb3BoeXNpY3MuIENvc21pYyBwaHlzaWNzengCopernicus PublicationsNonlinear Processes in Geophysics1023-58091607-79462024-03-013116517410.5194/npg-31-165-2024The sampling method for optimal precursors of El Niño–Southern Oscillation eventsB. Shi0B. Shi1J. Ma2Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaSchool of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaSchool of Mathematics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China<p>The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a significant climate phenomenon that appears periodically in the tropical Pacific. The intermediate coupled ocean–atmosphere Zebiak–Cane (ZC) model is the first and classical one designed to numerically forecast the ENSO events. Traditionally, the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) approach has been used to capture optimal precursors in practice. In this paper, based on state-of-the-art statistical machine learning techniques<span class="note-anchor" id="fna_Ch1.Footn1"><a href="#fn_Ch1.Footn1"><sup>1</sup></a></span>, we investigate the sampling algorithm proposed in <span class="cit" id="xref_text.1"><a href="#bib1.bibx36">Shi and Sun</a> (<a href="#bib1.bibx36">2023</a>)</span> to obtain optimal precursors via the CNOP approach in the ZC model. For the ZC model, or more generally, the numerical models with a large number <span class="inline-formula">O(10<sup>4</sup>−10<sup>5</sup>)</span> of degrees of freedom, the numerical performance, regardless of the statically spatial patterns and the dynamical nonlinear time evolution behaviors as well as the corresponding quantities and indices, shows the high efficiency of the sampling method compared to the traditional adjoint method. The sampling algorithm does not only reduce the gradient (first-order information) to the objective function value (zeroth-order information) but also avoids the use of the adjoint model, which is hard to develop in the coupled ocean–atmosphere models and the parameterization models. In addition, based on the key characteristic that the samples are independently and identically distributed, we can implement the sampling algorithm by parallel computation to shorten the computation time. Meanwhile, we also show in the numerical experiments that the important features of optimal precursors can still be captured even when the number of samples is reduced sharply.</p>https://npg.copernicus.org/articles/31/165/2024/npg-31-165-2024.pdfoai:doaj.org/article:674ef207004c4c93b566de5b4425c3fb2024-03-28T10:46:14ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lTENDOlBoYXJtYWN5IGFuZCBtYXRlcmlhIG1lZGljYQ~~TENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5engSociedade Brasileira de Farmácia Hospitalar e Serviços de SaúdeRevista Brasileira de Farmácia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saúde2179-59242316-77502024-03-0115195195110.30968/rbfhss.2024.151.09511334Costs of pharmaceutical interventions in the intensive care unit of a public urgency and emergency hospitalLucas Magno SANTOShttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-9644Andréa Simões VIMIEIROhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-3450-634XCristina Mariano RUAShttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0275-8416Objective: Describe the costs of pharmaceutical interventions in the ICU of a public urgent and emergency hospital and evaluate the impact on the length of hospital stay of diseases that required additional medication after pharmaceutical intervention. Method: Pharmacotherapeutic follow-up data were collected from May to July 2022 and the prices of medications, diluents and materials were used to calculate three types of costs: maximum intervention, accepted intervention and rejected intervention costs. For the evaluation of the impact on the length of hospital stay of diseases that required additional medication, a panel of specialists was carried out. Results: A total of 163 patients were monitored, and 5,770 medications were evaluated. The most frequent pharmaceutical intervention was the suggestion of changing pharmacotherapy (93.37%). The estimated saving of resources was US$ 2,092.91, a mean of US$ 1.83/patient-day. The maximum intervention and rejected intervention costs were US$ 2,462.56 and US$ 3.85, respectively. Infectious conditions required more interventions, resulting in more than 85% of total savings. Items A on the ABC curve corresponded to 77.00% of interventions, with savings of US$ 2,408.47. The expert panel agreed that the absence of medication for stress ulcer prophylaxis, combination therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia, and septic shock could increase the patient’s ICU stay at five, seven, and seven days, respectively. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacist, in the care of critical patients, provided savings in the use of medications. Infectious conditions and medications A of ABC curve are strategic points for professional action. Improving communication and building clinical protocols are important for greater clinical and financial return.https://rbfhss.org.br/sbrafh/article/view/951oai:doaj.org/article:ebc9a02ac36a4dfbbba3161d0ea2fbda2024-03-28T10:45:55ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016142643710.3390/psych6010025Qualitative Pilot Interventions for the Enhancement of Mental Health Support in Doctoral StudentsChloe Casey0Steven Trenoweth1Orlanda Harvey2Jason Helstrip3Fiona Knight4Julia Taylor5Martyn Polkinghorne6Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKFaculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKFaculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKFaculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKDoctoral College, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKDoctoral College, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKBusiness School, Bournemouth University, Poole BH12 5BB, UKDoctoral degrees include Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and other professional doctorates such as Engineering Doctorate (EngD), Doctor of Education (EdD), or Doctor of Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy). Unlike undergraduate- or postgraduate-taught students, doctoral study focuses on a single, autonomous piece of research. Research indicates a high occurrence of mental health problems in doctoral students. This paper describes the piloting and qualitative evaluation of a range of interventions designed to enhance the mental health support for doctoral students at one UK university. These interventions sought to target an array of known factors that affect the mental health of doctoral students, including individual capacity for coping with stress and social support availability.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/25postgraduatedoctoralPhDmental healthwellbeingmindfulnessoai:doaj.org/article:023c649e889f4040b3161b8104b8b21b2024-03-28T10:45:55ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016140142510.3390/psych6010024A Robust Indicator Mean-Based Method for Estimating Generalizability Theory Absolute Error and Related Dependability Indices within Structural Equation Modeling FrameworksHyeryung Lee0Walter P. Vispoel1Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USADepartment of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAIn this study, we introduce a novel and robust approach for computing Generalizability Theory (GT) absolute error and related dependability indices using indicator intercepts that represent observed means within structural equation models (SEMs). We demonstrate the applicability of our method using one-, two-, and three-facet designs with self-report measures having varying numbers of scale points. Results for the indicator mean-based method align well with those obtained from the <i>GENOVA</i> and R <i>gtheory</i> packages for doing conventional GT analyses and improve upon previously suggested methods for deriving absolute error and corresponding dependability indices from SEMs when analyzing three-facet designs. We further extend our approach to derive Monte Carlo confidence intervals for all key indices and to incorporate estimation procedures that correct for scale coarseness effects commonly observed when analyzing binary or ordinal data.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/24generalizability theorystructural equation modelingR programmingMusic Self-Perception Inventoryreliabilitypsychometricsoai:doaj.org/article:0233b9e3096a49bda49208b8334da51a2024-03-28T10:45:55ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016137740010.3390/psych6010023Item Response Analysis of a Structured Mixture Item Response Model with <tt>mirt</tt> Package in <tt>R</tt>Minho Lee0Yon Soo Suh1Minjeong Jeon2Department of Education, University of California, 457 Portola Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USANWEA, 121 NW Everett Street, Portland, OR 97209, USADepartment of Education, University of California, 457 Portola Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USAStructured mixture item response models (StrMixIRMs) are a special type of constrained confirmatory mixture item response theory (IRT) model for detecting latent performance differences in a measurement instrument by characteristic item groups, and classifying respondents according to these differences. In light of limited software options for estimating StrMixIRMs under existing frameworks, this paper proposes reparameterizing it as a confirmatory mixture IRT model using interaction effects between latent classes and item groups. The reparameterization allows for easier implementation of StrMixIRMs with multiple software programs that have mixture modeling capabilities, including open-source ones. This widens the accessibility to these models to a broad range of users and thus can facilitate research and applications of StrMixIRMs. This paper serves two main goals: First, we introduce StrMixIRMs, focusing on the proposed reparameterization based on interaction effects and its various extensions. Second, we illustrate use cases of this novel reparameterization within the mirt 1.41 package in R by employing two empirical datasets. Detailed R code with notes are provided for the applications along with an interpretation of the outputs.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/23structured mixture item response modelmixture item response modelitem response datalatent classesdifferentiation parametersitem groupsoai:doaj.org/article:c87db40b1a804350920e1e17b7ce63be2024-03-28T10:45:54ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016137637610.3390/psych6010022Correction: Hong et al. Applying SEM, Exploratory SEM, and Bayesian SEM to Personality Assessments. <i>Psych</i> 2024, <i>6</i>, 111–134Hyeri Hong0Walter P. Vispoel1Alfonso J. Martinez2Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Kremen School of Education and Human Development, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USADepartment of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, College of Education, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USADepartment of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, College of Education, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USAAddition of an Author [...]https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/22n/aoai:doaj.org/article:833bfd671f48481d90c5cfe5917de0362024-03-28T10:45:54ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016135637510.3390/psych6010021Work-Related Flow in Contrast to Either Happiness or PERMA Factors for Human Resources Management Development of Career SustainabilityCarol Nash0History of Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, CanadaIn promoting career sustainability, psychological theories historically have informed human resource management (HRM) development—three assessment directions are among them: work-related flow, happiness promotion, and appraising PERMA (Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment) factors. Csikszentmihalyi’s work-related flow represents an optimally challenging work-related process. Happiness promotion strives to maintain a pleased satisfaction with the current experience. PERMA represents measurable positive psychological factors constituting well-being. Reliable and validated, the experience of flow has been found to determine career sustainability in contrast to the more often investigated happiness ascertainment or identifying PERMA factors. Career sustainability research to inform HRM development is in its infancy. Therefore, publishers’ commitment to sustainability provides integrity. Given MDPI’s uniquely founding sustainability concern, its journal articles were searched with the keywords “flow, Csikszentmihalyi, work”, excluding those pertaining to education, health, leisure, marketing, non-workers, and spirituality, to determine the utilization of work-related flow to achieve career sustainability. Of the 628 returns, 28 reports were included for potential assessment. Current studies on Csikszentmihalyi’s work-related flow ultimately represented three results. These provide insight into successful, positive methods to develop career sustainability. Consequently, HRM is advised to investigate practices for assessing and encouraging employees’ engagement with work-related flow with the aim of ensuring career sustainability.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/21career sustainabilityHRMwork-related flowhappinessPERMACsikszentmihalyioai:doaj.org/article:593532d49a3e41e59e80401d4227c09a2024-03-28T10:45:54ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016130534410.3390/psych6010019Well-Being Technologies and Positive Psychology Strategies for Training Metacognition, Emotional Intelligence and Motivation Meta-Skills in Clinical Populations: A Systematic ReviewEleni Mitsea0Athanasios Drigas1Charalabos Skianis2Net Media Lab & Mind & Brain R&D, Institute of Informatics & Telecommunications, National Centre of Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, GreeceNet Media Lab & Mind & Brain R&D, Institute of Informatics & Telecommunications, National Centre of Scientific Research ‘Demokritos’, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, 82300 Mytilene, GreeceThe holistic growth and psychological well-being of people with special needs and disabilities remain high on the priority agenda for sustainable and inclusive education. Digital well-being technologies and especially “smart technologies”, are ready to revolutionize mental health interventions by meeting trainees’ needs and providing them with more positive and transformative mental, emotional, and social experiences. Μeta-skills refer to a set of consciousness-raising competences that incorporate meta-cognitive, social–emotional, and motivational attributes, allowing individuals to intentionally achieve a state of optimal functioning. Although positive psychology and well-being technologies are considered promising intervention approaches, there is less knowledge regarding the effectiveness of such interventions among people with special needs and disabilities, especially in the crucial domain of meta-skills development. Thus, the current systematic review aims to examine positive psychology strategies as well as the synergy with well-being technologies in the development of metacognition, emotional intelligence, and motivation meta-skills in populations with special training needs and disabilities. The PRISMA methodology was utilized to answer the research questions. A total of forty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that positive psychology strategies improved a wide range of meta-skills, including self-regulation, emotional control, behavioral control, inhibition control, self-awareness, intrapersonal skills, interpersonal skills, adaptation, goal setting, and self-compassion. Artificial intelligence tools, wearables, smart applications, immersive technologies (virtual and augmented reality), neurofeedback and biofeedback technologies, as well as digital games were found to effectively assist such training programs. The results of the current review may provide positive feedback in the discussion about digitally-aided mental health interventions for training the meta-skills of mental and emotional health.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/19positive technologiesartificial intelligenceimmersive technologiesvirtual realityaugmented realitymetaverseoai:doaj.org/article:45d27f422398423199d5b665bb9b99dd2024-03-28T10:45:54ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-03-016134535510.3390/psych6010020Evidence of Validity, Invariance, and Reliability of the Body Image Dimension in the Body Investment Scale: A Study in Spanish University StudentsDiego Diaz-Milanes0Carmen Santin Vilariño1Montserrat Andrés-Villas2Ana Segura-Barriga3Pedro Juan Pérez-Moreno4Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Sevilla, SpainDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, SpainDepartment of Social, Evolutive and Educational Psychology, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, SpainDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, SpainDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, SpainBackground: This study focused on the widely used Body Image subscale, a dimension of the Body Investment Scale developed by Orbach and Mikulincer in 1998. Specifically, we explored its psychometric properties and potential use for health promotion research among young Spanish university students. Method: A sample of 793 participants (75.28% female) aged 18–26 years (M = 20.68; SD = 2.13) completed the questionnaire and related variables. Results: A unidimensional structure was confirmed with a good fit, demonstrating gender- and age-invariance, along with robust internal consistency. The scale exhibited a significant association with self-esteem, life satisfaction, a sense of coherence, and psychological distress. Conclusions: The Body Image subscale can be considered unidimensional. The obtained factor solution provides a reliable, valid, and invariant measure across gender and age for assessing body feelings in Spanish university students. Therefore, the instrument can effectively investigate the relationship between body image and health-related behaviors. Additionally, it can serve as a valuable tool in designing effective health interventions for university students to prevent mental health conditions, such as eating disorders or suicidal behaviors.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/20body imagebody investmentvalidityreliabilityfactorial invarianceSpanishoai:doaj.org/article:41976785a37c4aa78ef3a6f23d46baf32024-03-28T10:45:54ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016128830410.3390/psych6010018Early Change in Quality of Life in the Treatment of Anorexia NervosaEliza D. Newton0Liquan Liu1Janet Conti2Stephen Touyz3Jon Arcelus4Sloane Madden5Kathleen Pike6Phillipa Hay7School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, AustraliaSchool of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, AustraliaSchool of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, AustraliaInside Out Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaSchool of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKMental Health Services, The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, AustraliaWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Capacity Building and Training in Global Mental Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USASchool of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, AustraliaThis study aimed to examine whether early change in self-reported quality of life (QoL) was a predictor of outcomes in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). Given suggestions that people with AN overestimate their QoL when unwell, we hypothesised that any early change in self-reported QoL, be it an early improvement or early worsening, would predict better outcomes in terms of end-of-treatment body mass index (BMI), eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, and QoL. Participants were 78 adult outpatients engaged in cognitive behaviour therapy for anorexia nervosa (CBT-AN) either with or without the embedded compulsive exercise module “compuLsive Exercise Activity TheraPy” (LEAP). Polynomial regression was utilised to examine the effects of varying combinations of baseline and 10-week self-reported physical-health-relatedr QoL (SF-12; PHRQoL subscale), mental-health-related QoL (SF-12; MHRQoL subscale), and eating-disorder-specific QoL (EDQoL; global, psychological, cognitive/physical, financial, and school/work subscales) on end-of-treatment BMI, ED psychopathology, and QoL. Greater magnitudes of early change in global EDQoL scores, both positive and negative, predicted better MHRQoL but not BMI or ED psychopathology at the end of treatment. Psychological EDQoL ratings also accounted for 38.1% of the variance in end-of-treatment ED psychopathology, although tests examining the 6ratings may be meaningful in predicting treatment outcomes. The positive impact of early worsening in QoL ratings suggests that early QoL ratings are inflated due to denial and poor insight. Clinicians should be reassured that early QoL decline does not indicate treatment failure.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/18eating disordertherapyadaptive functionoutcomeearly improvementoai:doaj.org/article:fee260c078124e4fa3b2c277828d839d2024-03-28T10:45:53ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016123625910.3390/psych6010015Nonparametric Kernel Smoothing Item Response Theory Analysis of Likert ItemsPurya Baghaei0Farshad Effatpanah1Research and Analysis Unit, International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), 22297 Hamburg, GermanyResearch Unit of Psychological Assessment, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, GermanyLikert scales are the most common psychometric response scales in the social and behavioral sciences. Likert items are typically used to measure individuals’ attitudes, perceptions, knowledge, and behavioral changes. To analyze the psychometric properties of individual Likert-type items and overall Likert scales, mostly methods based on classical test theory (CTT) are used, including corrected item–total correlations and reliability indices. CTT methods heavily rely on the total scale scores, making it challenging to directly examine the performance of items and response options across varying levels of the trait. In this study, Kernel Smoothing Item Response Theory (KS-IRT) is introduced as a graphical nonparametric IRT approach for the evaluation of Likert items. Unlike parametric IRT models, nonparametric IRT models do not involve strong assumptions regarding the form of item response functions (IRFs). KS-IRT provides graphics for detecting peculiar patterns in items across different levels of a latent trait. Differential item functioning (DIF) can also be examined by applying KS-IRT. Using empirical data, we illustrate the application of KS-IRT to the examination of Likert items on a psychological scale.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/15Likert-type scaleclassical test theoryparametric/nonparametric IRT modelskernel smoothing IRTIRFsoai:doaj.org/article:efa68c61b32d4ec1a45cd2f0e6ae37582024-03-28T10:45:53ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016126027210.3390/psych6010016The Impact of Dementia on the Psychosocial Well-Being of Informal Caregivers in Asia: A Scoping Review Comparing High-Income and Low–Middle-Income CountriesAiza Amor Padre-e Abayon0Millicent Raymonds1Priya Brahmbhatt2Shelina Samnani3Fahad Hanna4Program of Public Health, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaProgram of Public Health, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaProgram of Public Health, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaProgram of Public Health, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaProgram of Public Health, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaThe need for informal caregiving has become a crucial topic for researchers and policymakers. This review explores the psychosocial impact on caregivers providing dementia care in high-income and low–middle-income Asian countries. A scoping review was undertaken following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol. A systematic search of four databases (PubMed, ProQuest, Medline, and Medline Complete) was conducted. Articles were screened following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Fourteen articles (11 cross-sectional, 1 longitudinal, 1 case-control, and 1 descriptive phenomenological study) were selected for the final analysis. The most frequently reported findings from low–middle-income countries were dementia caregivers working longer hours and experiencing financial issues, poor physical health, and lower life satisfaction, which progressively and collectively affected caregivers’ psychosocial well-being and quality of life. However, the impact was less significant in high-income Asian countries, particularly those where efforts are being made to identify the burdens associated with caring for people with dementia and providing appropriate support. This review demonstrates clear evidence that caring for people with dementia may affect informal caregivers’ quality of life, particularly in low–middle-income Asian countries. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses may be needed to confirm these findings.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/16dementia carersburdenwellbeingquality of lifescoping reviewoai:doaj.org/article:ea548357761249708b1d6ea85aaa1fbd2024-03-28T10:45:53ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016127328710.3390/psych6010017Freezing Effect and Bystander Effect: Overlaps and DifferencesElena Siligato0Giada Iuele1Martina Barbera2Francesca Bruno3Guendalina Tordonato4Aurora Mautone5Amelia Rizzo6Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ItalyThe present article provides a detailed comparison of two psychological phenomena, the freezing effect and the bystander effect, across their neurobiological, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions. This study focuses on identifying and analyzing the similarities and differences between these two responses to stressful and traumatic events. While the freezing effect is characterized by an involuntary neurobiological response to immediate threats, resulting in temporary immobilization or paralysis, the bystander effect describes a cognitive and social phenomenon where individuals refrain from offering help in emergencies when others are present. The study explores affective aspects, including emotional responses and trauma-related impacts associated with both phenomena. Through a comparative analysis, this research unveils important understandings regarding the distinctions among these responses, including their triggers, underlying mechanisms, and observable behaviors. It also highlights overlapping aspects, particularly in how both phenomena can lead to inaction in critical moments. This comparative study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interaction between the brain, individual cognition, and social dynamics in the face of danger and stress. The findings of this research have significant implications for understanding human behavior in emergencies, offering valuable perspectives that can be applied in the domains of psychology, training for emergency response, and trauma therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/17freezing effectbystander effecttraumaoai:doaj.org/article:b7cd8a69d0464915a7ac6a1385d81bcb2024-03-28T10:45:53ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016122123510.3390/psych6010014The Positive Association between Grit and Mental Toughness, Enhanced by a Minimum of 75 Minutes of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity, among US StudentsAndreas Stamatis0Grant B. Morgan1Ali Boolani2Zacharias Papadakis3Department of Health & Sport Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USADepartment of Educational Psychology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 97304, USAHonors Program, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USADepartment of Health Promotion and Clinical Practice, Barry University, Miami Shores, FL 33161, USADrawing from the 2015 Gucciardi et al.’s mental toughness (MT) framework, this study examines the association between grit and MT in US college students, while considering the moderating role of at least 75 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) based on recommendations from the American College of Sports Medicine. We administered the Grit-S Scale and the Mental Toughness Index in two samples of a total of 340 US undergraduate student-athletes and graduate students. The Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was employed to ensure internal validity, while statistical procedures including principal component analysis and regression models were utilized to analyze the collected data. A weighted component combining grit and the interaction between MVPA and grit significantly predicted MT, explaining 23% of its variability. Drawing from a specific conceptual framework, this study provides novel insights into the relationship between grit, engagement in at least 75 min of MVPA per week, and MT among US collegiate students. The findings support a positive association between grit, MVPA, and both MT and a specific component of MT, highlighting the significance of these factors in enhancing performance and suggesting potential implications for future research and practical applications in the field.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/14mentally toughpositive psychologyMVPAACSMGucciardioptimal functioningoai:doaj.org/article:f8664b67df754d3a945573cacf1816fc2024-03-28T10:45:52ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-016116317610.3390/psych6010010Emotions and Coping: “What I Feel about It, Gives Me More Strategies to Deal with It?”Cristina de Sousa0Helena Vinagre1João Viseu2João Ferreira3Helena José4Isabel Rabiais5António Almeida6Susana Valido7Maria João Santos8Sandy Severino9Luís Sousa10Atlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalISEIT Almada, 2805-059 Almada, PortugalDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Évora, 7005-003 Évora, PortugalFaculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalAtlântica School of Health (ESSATLA), Atlantic University, 2730-036 Barcarena, PortugalBackground: Personal emotions and affects have been identified and studied in the context of pandemics, as well as coping strategies centered on emotional regulation or the balance between positive and negative emotions. Objectives: The objectives of this paper are to identify an emotion and affect structure in our sample and analyze the relationship of these dimensions with resilient coping in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional design that involved a non-probabilistic sample with 598 participants over the age of 18, with 51.1% being female, and an average age of 40.73 years. First, the emotional structure was identified through principal component analysis (PCA). Secondly, a linear regression analysis was performed to investigate emotional dimensions as predictors of coping. Results: A valid and reliable emotional structure with four dimensions was identified. The regression model revealed that coping is positively associated with the active and positive dimension and negatively correlated with the negative and moral dimensions. Conclusions: Emotional dimensions are predictors of coping, with moral and negative dimensions having a negative effect, while active and positive dimensions have a positive effect. When designing interventions for coping strategies, multiple dimensions of emotions and affective states in people who are in vulnerable situations must be considered.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/10emotionsadaptationpsychological traitscoping skillshealth vulnerabilityCOVID-19oai:doaj.org/article:d72b744f2d604ce5aeb394e28d3ea4a52024-03-28T10:45:52ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016119620910.3390/psych6010012The IADC Grief Questionnaire as a Brief Measure for Complicated Grief in Clinical Practice and Research: A Preliminary StudyFabio D’Antoni0Claudio Lalla1Maternal Infant Services Unit of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), 33100 Udine, ItalyIndependent Researcher, Via degli Scipioni 237, 00197 Rome, ItalyIADC (induced after-death communication) therapy is a grief treatment developed by Botkin that is increasingly being acknowledged for its effectiveness in various countries worldwide. In clinical practice, professionals trained in IADC therapy employ a brief evaluation tool called the IADC Grief Questionnaire (IADC-GQ) to determine whether mourning can be disturbed or stopped, resulting in complicated grief. This preliminary research aimed to establish the psychometric properties of the IADC-GQ. The factor structure was analyzed in a sample consisting of 113 participants undergoing psychological treatment who had endured the loss of a loved one for a minimum of six months. The findings revealed a two-dimensional framework comprising two distinct factors: the “Clinical Score”, encompassing the most distressing elements of grief, and the “Continuing Bond” factor, which is associated with feelings of connection to the departed and thoughts regarding the existence of life after death. The IADC-GQ has the potential to be easily and quickly employed in both research and clinical settings. Moreover, it can qualitatively assist therapists during clinical interviews by highlighting the key areas where the grieving process may encounter obstacles.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/12bereavementmourninggrieving processcomplicate griefassessmentpsychotherapyoai:doaj.org/article:954a8b8812e54029a2f114012e669dab2024-03-28T10:45:52ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016121022010.3390/psych6010013Walking Forward Together—The Next Step: Indigenous Youth Mental Health and the Climate CrisisMichael Brown0Sabina Mirza1Jay Lu2Suzanne L. Stewart3Waakebiness Institute for Indigenous Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, 155 College Street Suite 400, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, CanadaWaakebiness Institute for Indigenous Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, 155 College Street Suite 400, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, CanadaWaakebiness Institute for Indigenous Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, 155 College Street Suite 400, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, CanadaWaakebiness Institute for Indigenous Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, 155 College Street Suite 400, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, CanadaThe climate crisis has resulted in mental health challenges for varying demographic groups of all ages, but Indigenous youth are one of the most vulnerable populations impacted by the climate crisis. Conversations regarding Indigenous youth and the climate crisis are often held without their presence or input, identifying a gap in research and the literature. The findings from this review include the components of climate change regarding the mental health of Indigenous youth as being direct and indirect pathways of impact and resistance. Direct pathways include the more immediate and physical consequences of climate change associated with mental unwellness. Indirect pathways include less obvious consequences to those without lived experience, such as disruptions to culture and magnified social inequities, which also result in negative mental health consequences. The resistance component explores how Indigenous youth have been protesting and actively speaking out, which highlights the importance of the inclusion of Indigenous youth voices in decision-making spaces related to mental health service resources (i.e., funding) and policy in climate action. This review ends with a discussion on ways forward, the limitations herein, and how the uniqueness of the research may contribute to climate justice.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/13indigenous youthmental healthclimate justiceresistanceoai:doaj.org/article:10780a1ad8e9456b9e13ae5723ce7acb2024-03-28T10:45:52ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-02-016117719510.3390/psych6010011In Mind and Spirit: The Psychosocial Impacts of Religiosity in Youth Mental Health TreatmentKatherine Klee0John P. Bartkowski1Bartkowski & Associates Research Team, San Antonio, TX 78258, USADepartment of Sociology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USAThe rise in suicides among elementary- to high-school-aged youth has alarmed health professionals for years, only to be amplified by the long-lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Religion and spirituality offer many people significant psychosocial support in pandemic circumstances, often acting as platforms for hope and social connectedness. Yet, given the adultocentric world they inhabit, young people must often negotiate or reconsider the role of religion and spirituality in the context of their developmental trajectory. This research explores mental health professionals’ approaches to religiosity and spirituality in the delivery of therapeutic care to youth at risk of suicide. Qualitative analyses of interview transcripts conducted with youth mental health clinicians in the state of Texas underscore a myriad of contextual factors related to treating suicidal ideation and behaviors. We categorize our findings according to licensed mental health professionals’ (1) navigation of youth clients’ religious/spiritual preferences aligned with or opposed to familial preferences; (2) selective integration of youth-oriented religious/spiritual elements into treatment as warranted; and (3) reflections on the impacts of religion/spirituality on treatment efficacy for child and adolescent clients. This study adds to current research on religion and spirituality’s impact on mental health and its therapeutic integration into treatment practices tailored for youth.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/11mental illnesssuicidalitysociologycounselingadolescentsyouthoai:doaj.org/article:c943dcdfe7e84ec080014f21988440042024-03-28T10:45:51ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-016111113410.3390/psych6010007Applying SEM, Exploratory SEM, and Bayesian SEM to Personality AssessmentsHyeri Hong0Walter P. Vispoel1Alfonso J. Martinez2Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Kremen School of Education and Human Development, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USADepartment of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, College of Education, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USADepartment of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, College of Education, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USADespite the importance of demonstrating and evaluating how structural equation modeling (SEM), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and Bayesian structural equation modeling (BSEM) work simultaneously, research comparing these analytic techniques is limited with few studies conducted to systematically compare them to each other using correlated-factor, hierarchical, and bifactor models of personality. In this study, we evaluate the performance of SEM, ESEM, and BSEM across correlated-factor, hierarchical, and bifactor structures and multiple estimation techniques (maximum likelihood, robust weighted least squares, and Bayesian estimation) to test the internal structure of personality. Results across correlated-factor, hierarchical, and bifactor models highlighted the importance of controlling for scale coarseness and allowing small off-target loadings when using maximum likelihood (ML) and robust weighted least squares estimation (WLSMV) and including informative priors (IP) when using Bayesian estimation. In general, Bayesian-IP and WLSMV ESEM models provided noticeably best model fits. This study is expected to serve as a guide for professionals and applied researchers, identify the most appropriate ways to represent the structure of personality, and provide templates for future research into personality and other multidimensional representations of psychological constructs. We provide Mplus code for conducting the demonstrated analyses in the online supplement.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/7personality assessmentsbig-five personality traitsBayesian structural equation modelingexploratory structural equation modelingbifactor modelshierarchical modelsoai:doaj.org/article:c2a080266adf4c7181b144fc104a84e02024-03-28T10:45:51ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-016113514210.3390/psych6010008A Gender Analysis of Hospital Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the Distress Questionnaire-5: A Cross-Sectional StudyStefania De Simone0Massimo Franco1Giuseppe Servillo2Maria Vargas3Department of Political Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Political Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, ItalyAt high risk of experiencing symptoms of stress, female healthcare workers also faced the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of this study are to investigate whether women are associated with a high level of psychological distress in comparison to men and to explore the risk factors associated with a high level of psychological distress in women. For this purpose, a multivariable logistic regression model was tested with sex, age and professional role as predictors of psychological distress in women. We found that (1)women working in the four Italian hospitals analyzed during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced more psychological distress than men, (2) being between 26 and 35 years old and being a medical doctor were associated with the risk of women developing psychological distress, (3) being a female medical doctor presents a 23% risk of developing psychological distress, (4) female nurses working in COVID-19s ward had a 50% risk and female non-healthcare personnel working in COVID-19 wards had a 69% risk of developing psychological distress. In conclusion, our results suggest that interventions for supporting and promoting mental well-being among female healthcare workers are mandatory, especially for the professional categories of nurses and non-healthcare workers.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/8womenstressnursesnon-healthcare professionalshospitalssurveyoai:doaj.org/article:985bbc2199ab40448a607782bfe675462024-03-28T10:45:51ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-016110011010.3390/psych6010006Personality Traits Leading Respondents to Refuse to Answer a Forced-Choice Personality Item: An Item Response Tree (IRTree) ModelMartin Storme0Nils Myszkowski1Emeric Kubiak2Simon Baron3IESEG School of Management, Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 9221-LEM-Lille Economie Management, 59000 Lille, FranceDepartment of Psychology, Pace University, New York, NY 10038, USAAssessFirst, Science and Innovation, 75002 Paris, FranceAssessFirst, Science and Innovation, 75002 Paris, FranceIn the present article, we investigate personality traits that may lead a respondent to refuse to answer a forced-choice personality item. For this purpose, we use forced-choice items with an adapted response format. As in a traditional forced-choice item, the respondent is instructed to choose one out of two statements to describe their personality. However, we also offer the respondent the option of refusing to choose. In this case, however, the respondent must report a reason for refusing to choose, indicating either that the two statements describe them equally well, or that neither statement describes them adequately. We use an Item Response Tree (IRTree) model to simultaneously model refusal to choose and the reason indicated by the respondent. Our findings indicate that respondents who score high on openness are more likely to refuse to choose, and they tend to identify more often with both statements in the forced-choice item. Items containing non-socially desirable statements tend to be skipped more often, with the given reason being that neither proposition describes the respondent well. This tendency is stronger among respondents who score high on agreeableness, that is, a trait that is typically related to social desirability. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/6personalityforced-choiceitem skippingitem response treeoai:doaj.org/article:6e48a097d3f0470cab2ded1698c1a0552024-03-28T10:45:51ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-016114316210.3390/psych6010009Proteins in Scalp Hair of Preschool ChildrenCynthia R. Rovnaghi0Kratika Singhal1Ryan D. Leib2Maria Xenochristou3Nima Aghaeepour4Allis S. Chien5Deendayal Dinakarpandian6Kanwaljeet J. S. Anand7Child Wellness Lab, Maternal & Child Health Research Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USAStanford University Mass Spectrometry (SUMS) Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAStanford University Mass Spectrometry (SUMS) Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartments of Anesthesiology (Research), Biomedical Data Science & Pediatrics (Neonatology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartments of Anesthesiology (Research), Biomedical Data Science & Pediatrics (Neonatology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USAStanford University Mass Spectrometry (SUMS) Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartment of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USAChild Wellness Lab, Maternal & Child Health Research Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USABackground. Early childhood experiences have long-lasting effects on subsequent mental and physical health, education, and employment. The measurement of these effects relies on insensitive behavioral signs, subjective assessments by adult observers, neuroimaging or neurophysiological studies, or retrospective epidemiologic outcomes. Despite intensive research, the underlying mechanisms of these long-term changes in development and health status remain unknown. Methods. We analyzed scalp hair from healthy children and their mothers using an unbiased proteomics platform combining tandem mass spectrometry, ultra-performance liquid chromatography, and collision-induced dissociation to reveal commonly observed hair proteins with a spectral count of 3 or higher. Results. We observed 1368 non-structural hair proteins in children and 1438 non-structural hair proteins in mothers, with 1288 proteins showing individual variability. Mothers showed higher numbers of peptide spectral matches and hair proteins compared to children, with important age-related differences between mothers and children. Age-related differences were also observed in children, with differential protein expression patterns between younger (2 years and below) and older children (3–5 years). We observed greater similarity in hair protein patterns between mothers and their biological children compared with mothers and unrelated children. The top 5% of proteins driving population variability represented biological pathways associated with brain development, immune signaling, and stress response regulation. Conclusions. Non-structural proteins observed in scalp hair include promising biomarkers to investigate the long-term developmental changes and health status associated with early childhood experiences.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/9hair biomarkersproteomicsbrain developmentdevelopmental psychologypreschool childrennon-structural proteinsoai:doaj.org/article:c7e1e11b4d9346ab8f9dbcc4a6fa5a012024-03-28T10:45:50ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112023-12-0161344410.3390/psych6010003Neuroanatomical Correlates of Anxiety Disorders and Their Implications in Manifestations of Cognitive and Behavioral SymptomsMathilde Jeanne0Fraser Carson1Felippe Toledo2Department of Physiotherapy, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, L-4671 Differdange, LuxembourgLuxembourg Health and Sport Sciences Research Institute A.S.B.L., L-4671 Differdange, LuxembourgDepartment of Physiotherapy, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, L-4671 Differdange, LuxembourgDeveloping an anxiety disorder can be the source of further cognitive, behavioral, and emotional struggles, impacting the quality of life of people experiencing such disorders and leading to a burden on health systems. Increased knowledge of the neurobiological events leading to the development of such disorders can be crucial for diagnostic procedures, as well as the selection and adaptation of therapeutic and preventive measures. Despite recent advances in this field, research is still at the initial steps when it comes to understanding the specific neurofunctional processes guiding these changes in the brains of people with an anxiety disorder. This narrative review gathered knowledge from previous studies, with the aim of evaluating the neuroanatomical changes observed in individuals experiencing social or generalized anxiety disorder (SAD, GAD), to further link these anxiety-related structural modifications with brain function abnormalities and the expression of symptoms in individuals experiencing anxiety disorders. In addition, contradictory results are discussed, leading to suggestions for future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/3biomarkerscortical adaptationneuroanatomical researchmental healthanxiety disordersoai:doaj.org/article:82c4f5d64d5a4907bd065d10b74aac9d2024-03-28T10:45:50ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-0161899910.3390/psych6010005Differences between Germans in the ‘Young’, ‘Adult’, and ‘Over-40s’ Age Groups Regarding Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety and Satisfaction with LifeFelix Viktor Herbertz0Tanja Zimmermann1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, GermanyDepression and anxiety, the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide, are among the top four mental disorders in Germany, and both impact life satisfaction. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction in different age groups has not been sufficiently examined. The present cross-sectional study of a non-clinical sample of a German-speaking population analyzes the links between age—specifically, certain life stages—as predictors for depression and anxiety symptoms and life satisfaction. Therefore, three age groups were formed from all the participants (<i>N</i> = 478): ‘Young’ (18–24 years), ‘Adult’ (25–39 years), and ‘Over-40s’ (40 years and older). The German versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), and the German Quality of Life Questionnaire (FLZ-A) were used for our analysis. Our statistical analysis consisted of χ2 tests and an ANCOVA for determining the associations between categorical variables. The Over 40s age group showed statistically significantly higher life satisfaction than the ‘Adult’ age group. Comparing levels of depressive or anxiety symptoms, there were no statistically significant differences across the age groups. These findings highlight the significance of considering age as a factor in understanding mental health and well-being. Further research is warranted to investigate supplementary factors that could potentially contribute to the variations observed within the different age groups.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/5depressionanxietylife satisfactionoai:doaj.org/article:6e47411db87140d69a1a358dbc22c88c2024-03-28T10:45:50ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112024-01-0161458810.3390/psych6010004A Comparison of Methods for Synthesizing Results from Previous Research to Obtain Priors for Bayesian Structural Equation ModelingHolmes Finch0Department of Educational Psychology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USABayesian estimation of latent variable models provides some unique advantages to researchers working with small samples and complex models when compared with the more commonly used maximum likelihood approach. A key aspect of Bayesian modeling involves the selection of prior distributions for the parameters of interest. Prior research has demonstrated that using default priors, which are typically noninformative, may yield biased and inefficient estimates. Therefore, it is recommended that data analysts obtain useful, informative priors from prior research whenever possible. The goal of the current simulation study was to compare several methods designed to combine results from prior studies that will yield informative priors for regression coefficients in structural equation models. These methods include noninformative priors, Bayesian synthesis, pooled analysis, aggregated priors, standard meta-analysis, power priors, and the meta-analytic predictive methods. Results demonstrated that power priors and meta-analytic predictive priors, used in conjunction with Bayesian estimation, may yield the most accurate estimates of the latent structure coefficients. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/4Bayesian estimationpriorsstructural equation modelingoai:doaj.org/article:e91be4b597c7420d9d533315d96570802024-03-28T10:45:49ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112023-12-0161213310.3390/psych6010002Further Refinement of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10: Complementary Evidence from Item Response Theory and Classical Test TheoryAnita Padmanabhanunni0Tyrone B. Pretorius1Department of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South AfricaDepartment of Psychology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7530, South AfricaThe assessment of mental health, particularly depression, in university student populations is crucial for effective intervention and support. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-10 (CES-D10) among 322 university students in the Western Cape province of South Africa, employing both classical test theory and item response theory. Participants were also assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and a short form of the Beck Hopelessness Scale. The results reveal satisfactory reliability indices for the CES-D10 based on Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega. However, Item 8 was identified as problematic across multiple metrics, including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis; therefore, the exclusion of this item is recommended for improved scale performance. The 9-item version displayed superior fit in the CFA and better construct validity than the 10-item scale. Scores on the CES-D10 were positively correlated with perceived stress and hopelessness and negatively correlated with life satisfaction, supporting the criterion-related validity of the scale. The study extends the psychometric validation literature of the CES-D10 by incorporating Rasch analysis, underscoring the benefits of using multiple statistical frameworks to achieve robust findings. These results have relevance for mental health assessment among university students in developing contexts, providing an evidence-based tool for early intervention.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/2center for epidemiological studies depression scale-10depressionrasch analysisclassical test theoryitem response theoryoai:doaj.org/article:9fd1fa142e0e438d98f281c7b2a9bdab2024-03-28T10:45:49ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~engMDPI AGPsych2624-86112023-12-016112010.3390/psych6010001Life-Space: Is It Anywhere Outside Our Minds?António de Castro Caeiro0Research Grup on Ancient Philosophy, CultureLab, Nova Institute of Philosophy (IFILNOVA), NOVA FCSH, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 1099-032 Lisbon, PortugalThis paper explores the intricate relationship between our personal experiences of space and the autobiographical nature of our geography. Our geographical awareness is profoundly shaped by the places we have been, encompassing a rich tapestry of places such as childhood homes, educational institutions, vacation spots, and bustling city streets. These spaces become imbued with personal memories and significance, forming the backdrop of our individual narratives. While these experiences are inherently personal and unique, they are also shared in a broader sense. This duality of personal fand communal experience adds layers of complexity to our understanding of space. Furthermore, our experiences of space are deeply intertwined with the passage of time.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/6/1/1mindbodyrepresentationmemoryanticipationepochs of lifeoai:doaj.org/article:f8e3d7d07d9245fbbb423cd3141309742024-03-28T10:45:45ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402024-03-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.13734621373462Markers of intestinal barrier damage in patients with chronic insomnia disorderYixian Cai0Di Gong1Ting Xiang2Xiaotao Zhang3Jiyang Pan4Department of Psychiatry, Sleep Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, ChinaShenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, Sleep Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, Sleep Medicine Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, ChinaObjectiveInsomnia disorder stands out as one of the prevalent clinical sleep and psychiatric disorders. Prior research has unequivocally demonstrated variations in the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota among individuals with insomnia disorder. These alterations may play a direct or indirect role in the onset and progression of insomnia disorder by compromising the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This study aims to evaluate the impairment of the intestinal barrier in individuals with insomnia disorder by scrutinizing the serum functionality of this barrier.Materials and methods45 patients with chronic insomnia disorder and 30 matched healthy volunteers were meticulously selected based on inclusion criteria. ELISA technology was employed to measure serum levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-LA), intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), and endothelin (ET). Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between intestinal mucosal markers and clinical characteristics. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0.ResultsCompared to the healthy control group, the insomnia disorder group exhibited significantly elevated scores on subjective mood and sleep scales (GAD-7, PHQ-9, HAMA, HAMD, PSQI, and ISI) (P < 0.05). Overnight PSG indicated a notable increase in bed time, total wake time, sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset in individuals with insomnia disorder. Additionally, there was a decrease in sleep efficiency and alterations in sleep structure (increased proportion of N1 and N3 stages, prolonged N1 stage) (P < 0.05). The chronic insomnia disorder group displayed significantly reduced concentrations of serum DAO, D-LA, I-FABP, and ET (P < 0.05). Furthermore, significant positive correlations were identified between intestinal epithelial barrier markers and sleep efficiency, while negative correlations were found with wake after sleep onset, total wake time, PSQI, HAMA, and HAMD. Additionally, D-LA levels were significantly positively correlated with ET concentrations.ConclusionIndividuals with chronic insomnia disorder manifest disruptions in sleep structure, heightened susceptibility to anxiety and depressive moods, and impaired intestinal barrier function. These findings suggest that the occurrence and development of insomnia disorder may be linked to the impairment of the intestinal barrier.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1373462/fullchronic insomnia disorderintestinal barrierdiamine oxidase (DAO)D-lactic acid (D-LA)intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP)endothelin (ET)oai:doaj.org/article:399b6f215939447192dd0aa7bfe6f14a2024-03-28T10:44:44ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2023-08-011310.3389/fonc.2023.12324511232451Cancer data quality and harmonization in Europe: the experience of the BENCHISTA Project – international benchmarking of childhood cancer survival by stageAngela Lopez-Cortes0Fabio Didonè1Laura Botta2Lisa L. Hjalgrim3Zsuzsanna Jakab4Adela Cañete Nieto5Charles Stiller6Bernward Zeller7Gemma Gatta8Kathy Pritchard-Jones9The BENCHISTA Project Working GroupJoanne AitkenLeisa O’NeilMonika HackRuth LadensteinElizabeth Van EyckenNancy Van DammeLindsay FrazierBeatriz De CamargoMarceli de Oliveira SantosZdravka ValerianovaDobrin KonstantinovSumit GuptaJason D PoleMario SekerijaJan StaryJaroslav SterbaLisa L. HjalgrimJeanette F WintherKeiu PaapsiBrigitte LacourEmmanuel DesandesJacqueline ClavelClaire PoulalhonFriederike ErdmannEleni T PetridouEvdoxia BoukaZsuzsanna JakabMichael MianRocco GalassoGiuseppe SampietroFrancesco VetranoMilena M MauleCarlotta SacerdotePaola BallotariEmilia De SantisMargherita FerranteRosalia RagusaLuca BoniMagda RognoniRosalba AmodioLorenza BoschettiFrancesco CuccaroDanila BrunoAntonio G RussoFederico GervasiMaria L GambinoElisabetta BorcianiMaria MichiaraLucia MangoneGianbattista SpagnoliStefano FerrettiFabio FalciniEugenia SpataSonia ManassePaola CocciaFrancesca BellaAdele CaldarellaTeresa IntrieriTiziana ScuderiRoberto V RizzelloMassimo RuggeStefano GuzzinatiDeirdre MurrayTomohiro MatsudaKayo NakataMiriam J AzzopardiAina H DahlenJohannesen Tom BørgeBernward ZellerJerzy KowalczykMonika JedrzejczykGabriela CaldasMihaela BucurenciDana CozaVesna ZadnikArantza Lopez de MunainFernando Almela-VichNieves Fuster-CamarenaRa f a e l Marcos-GrageraMaria José SanchezNuria AragonesRaquel LopezMaria Dolores ChirlaqueMarcela GuevaraElena PardoRafael Peris-BonetAdela Cañete NietoMarià CarullaPäivi LähteenmäkiClaudia E KuehniShelagh M RedmondHenrike Karim-KosCharles StillerPaul StaceyLucy IrvineAnna GavinDeirdre FitzpatrickDavid S MorrisonKaren SmithDyfed Wyn HuwsJanet WarlowSandra StraussSimon BaileyAdela Canete NietoNathalie GasparLisa L. HjalgrimFilippo SpreaficoAngela PolancoRiccardo CapocacciaAndrea Di CataldoMeric KleinUniversity College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology & Cancer Research Department, London, United KingdomFondazione IRCCS “Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano” (INT), Department of Evaluative Epidemiology, Milan, ItalyFondazione IRCCS “Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano” (INT), Department of Evaluative Epidemiology, Milan, ItalyBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomBENCHISTA Project Management Team, London, United KingdomFondazione IRCCS “Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano” (INT), Department of Evaluative Epidemiology, Milan, ItalyUniversity College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology & Cancer Research Department, London, United KingdomIntroductionVariation in stage at diagnosis of childhood cancers (CC) may explain differences in survival rates observed across geographical regions. The BENCHISTA project aims to understand these differences and to encourage the application of the Toronto Staging Guidelines (TG) by Population-Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) to the most common solid paediatric cancers.MethodsPBCRs within and outside Europe were invited to participate and identify all cases of Neuroblastoma, Wilms Tumour, Medulloblastoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma and Osteosarcoma diagnosed in a consecutive three-year period (2014-2017) and apply TG at diagnosis. Other non-stage prognostic factors, treatment, progression/recurrence, and cause of death information were collected as optional variables. A minimum of three-year follow-up was required. To standardise TG application by PBCRs, on-line workshops led by six tumour-specific clinical experts were held. To understand the role of data availability and quality, a survey focused on data collection/sharing processes and a quality assurance exercise were generated. To support data harmonization and query resolution a dedicated email and a question-and-answers bank were created.Results67 PBCRs from 28 countries participated and provided a maximally de-personalized, patient-level dataset. For 26 PBCRs, data format and ethical approval obtained by the two sponsoring institutions (UCL and INT) was sufficient for data sharing. 41 participating PBCRs required a Data Transfer Agreement (DTA) to comply with data protection regulations. Due to heterogeneity found in legal aspects, 18 months were spent on finalizing the DTA. The data collection survey was answered by 68 respondents from 63 PBCRs; 44% of them confirmed the ability to re-consult a clinician in cases where stage ascertainment was difficult/uncertain. Of the total participating PBCRs, 75% completed the staging quality assurance exercise, with a median correct answer proportion of 92% [range: 70% (rhabdomyosarcoma) to 100% (Wilms tumour)].ConclusionDifferences in interpretation and processes required to harmonize general data protection regulations across countries were encountered causing delays in data transfer. Despite challenges, the BENCHISTA Project has established a large collaboration between PBCRs and clinicians to collect detailed and standardised TG at a population-level enhancing the understanding of the reasons for variation in overall survival rates for CC, stimulate research and improve national/regional child health plans.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1232451/fullchildhood cancerpopulation-basedcancer registryToronto stagingdiagnosissurvivaloai:doaj.org/article:cb5b8c7308bf40fe8fb2255ac5ec9c252024-03-28T10:44:28ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.1972Quality of Life for the Jordanian National Team Female PlayersMervat Deeb0Eyyad Maghayreh1Haitham Alnader2Al-Balqa applied university / jordan Princess Alia University College. Department of Social and Applied SciencesZarqa college, Albalqa Applied University- JordanSalt college, Albalqa Applied University- Jordan
This research primary aimed at investigating the quality of life for the Jordanian National team’s female players and exploring any significant differences in the quality of life over the following variables: ages, economical level, number of play years, injury level, and the game type. The descriptive approach was used. The sample consisted of 73 female players of the National team games female players (football, basketball, handball, and volleyball). The players completed responding on the athlete life quality scale, prepared by (Gentner et al., 2011) which contains 15 items scale which divided into 5 subscales. The analysis results showed that the players reflected a (slightly satisfied) level at quality of life (mean =5.29). The results also showed that no significant differences were reported in the quality of life subscales according to age, economical level, number of play years and injury level. While significant differences were observed in the game type between the basketball female players from one side and the female players of football and hand ball team game such that the differences were favor of the football and hand ball games .The researchers recommend to essentially follow up female player’s needs of the national Jordanian team games and to take care and attention to the psychology and social needs in an attempt to raise their level quality of life which may help to raise and developed performance level.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/1972Team gamesPositive PsychologyThe Athlete Life Quality Scaleoai:doaj.org/article:f1a99256d78b433d803ab2f9a166687e2024-03-28T10:44:27ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2006Social Impacts of Hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup on Citizens and Residents in QatarRashid Al Gheithi0Abdul Rahim Al Droushi1Amin Gaafar2Sultan Qaboos University, Department of Physical Education and Sports SciencesSultan Qaboos University, Department of Physical Education and Sports SciencesSultan Qaboos University, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
This study aimed to identify the social impacts of hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar on its citizens and residents. Also, it aimed to reveal the differences in these impacts across various demographic variables, including identity, age group, and gender. The researcher adopted a descriptive methodology to achieve these objectives, collecting data mainly through a questionnaire administered to a diverse sample of 411 individuals who willingly participated in the study. The study's findings unveiled a range of significant social effects from this momentous event hosted in Qatar. Notably, these effects manifested in improving the country's image, fostering an incomparable sense of community pride, developing a heightened feeling of belonging, and arousing an overwhelming enthusiasm within the populace in Qatar towards hosting such grand-scale sporting events. Moreover, the World Cup fostered stronger feelings of security and social cohesion. Based on these results, the study advocates recommendations for future investigative endeavors. Despite its significant results, the study recommends future research to encompass a more diverse and inclusive representation from various regions. This is crucial to understand better the social outcomes of large-scale sporting events among the population.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2006social impactsFIFA World CupresidentsQataroai:doaj.org/article:52b35a2619a7444d8dfcfd5635efbd002024-03-28T10:44:27ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2022A Field Study to Assess Physical Activity Levels During Weekdays Among Students in the First Cycle and its Relationship with Lower Limb Muscle Strength Badriya Al-HadabiHeba El-Ashkar0Radhouane Sassi1Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - College of Education - Sultan Qaboos UniversityDepartment of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - College of Education - Sultan Qaboos University
This study aimed to assess physical activity levels during 3 school days among first cycle students and its relationship with lower limb muscle strength. Twenty-eight students from the Governor of Muscat were participated in this study, (age: 11.8±0.3 years, height: 9.0±148 cm, mass Body: 14.5±34.8 kg, BMI: 5.3±19.2 kg.m-2 To assess physical activity levels, the ActiGraph GT3X device was used for 3 school days during the week (from 8:00 am to 12:00 pm, daily). All participating performed two tests of lower limb muscle strength (CMJ - FCM). Study results showed that the average physical activity levels of students during 3 school days were (455.9± 56.7minutes) and (26.3±6.6 minutes) for both sedentary physical behavior (SPA) and high-intensity physical activity (VPA), respectively. The results also revealed that the level of moderate and vigorous physical activity level (MVPA) during 3 days of school reached (67.9 ±17.01minutes), which is approximately (22.6 minutes per day), meaning that there was a noticeable decrease in the levels of physical activity practiced during school days (3 days). per week for first cycle students. The results also showed that there was no relationship between all physical activity levels (SPA, LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA) and lower limb muscle strength tests (CMJ - FCM) among the students (0.05<p).
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2022Moderate and vigorous physical activityaccelerometerMuscular powerchildren and adolescentsoai:doaj.org/article:2dd33b55f9b541a2bbd704b01f3a07c32024-03-28T10:44:27ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2044The contribution of The Mindfulness and its relationship to risk-taking behavior in predicting sports injury among junior footballers in the Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaMohammed Haggag0Turki Al-Ghamdi1King Saud University, College of Sports and Physical Activity SciencesKing Saud University, College of Sports and Physical Activity Sciences
The study aimed to identify the level of mental alertness and risk-taking behavior among soccer players, and to identify the relationship between mental alertness and risk-taking behavior, and to identify the differences in mental alertness and risk-taking behavior in the light of the following demographic variables (training age, degree of injury severity, number of injury times, centers playing), and knowing the extent of the contribution of mental alertness and its relationship to risky behavior to predict sports injury in football youths, and the study used the descriptive approach, and the study population consisted of junior high-class clubs, and the sample included (300) youths, who were chosen in a simple random way, and the study was used in The tools are a measure of mental alertness (Johnson, et al, 2016), a measure of risk-taking behavior (Abdel-Fattah, Mahmoud, 2019), and a form for the player's primary data. There is an inverse (negative) statistically significant correlation between the total degree of mental alertness and risk-taking behavior and its dimensions. Mental alertness and risk-taking behavior according to the following variables (training age - playing position), and there are statistically significant differences in mental alertness according to the number of sports injuries in the past and current season and the severity of the injury in favor of the players whose number of injuries is from (1-3), and whose severity Their injury is light, and there are statistically significant differences in the risk-taking behavior according to the number of injury times for the two seasons and the severity of the injury in favor of the players whose number of times of injury is from (1-3) times and whose severity of injury is light, and since the higher the degrees of mental alertness among soccer players, this leads to The decrease in risk-taking behavior among young people, which is reflected in the reduction of sports injuries, so mental alertness predicted the risk-taking behavior, which was reflected in the decrease in the rate of sports injuries.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2044Mindfulnessrisk-taking behaviorsports injuryjunior footballersoai:doaj.org/article:20bdf2c9217a441292b52d501ba757002024-03-28T10:44:27ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2032The Impact of Mechanical Training in Accordance with Regulating the Optimal Stride Length in the First and Second Straight Phases on the Achievement of 400 Meter Events for MenEman Al-Saadi0Maher Shalsh1University of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences for WomenGeneral Directorate of Education in Najaf Al-Ashraf / Najaf Al-Ashraf
The significance of this research is primarily anchored in the sustained interest in athletic achievements and the ongoing process of their development through the application of biomechanics and its integration into the science of sports training. The study aims to focus on the regulation of the optimal stride length according to the runner's height, necessitating specialized mechanical training tailored to specific distances when sprinting in both the first and second straight sections of the 400-meter event. This is proposed through the suggestion of six interval distances (90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40 meters).
The research problem delves into the importance of training 400-meter sprinters by leveraging the first and second straight sprints with an ideal stride length, calculated as the runner's height × 1.22 according to James Hay's equation, and utilizing this to compensate for the deficit incurred during curve running due to changes in running mechanics to overcome centrifugal force.
In light of their research objectives, the authors hypothesized that there would be no significant statistical differences between the pre-test and post-test measurements of male 400-meter sprinters. The researchers employed an experimental method with a single group to suit the nature of the research problem. The sample consisted of six athletes representing (Army, Police, Militia) clubs. The training program included 24 training units over eight weeks, with an average of three training units per week. The researchers concluded several key findings, notably that the designed training had a significant impact on the sample group, as evidenced by the significant differences observed. In light of the results, the researchers recommend the application of these training methods according to the special equation for calculating the optimal stride length in other activities to enhance performance towards better outcomes.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2032Mechanical training, Optimal stride length400-meter eventoai:doaj.org/article:ed16ae6ef3ff4a359ded6eff086c3fb52024-03-28T10:44:26ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2064Physical Activity, Sleep and Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for college students in IraqDenise Lian0Halah Atiyah1Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaUniversity of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and sport sciences
This study demonstrates the relationship between physical activity, sleep, and health-related quality of life among college students, reporting gender differences in levels of physical activity and sleep.The sample comprised four hundred twenty male and female students from the University of Baghdad's College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. Three questionnaires were finished to gauge the quality of life concerning health, sleep, and physical activity. Stepwise regression, independent t-tests, and descriptive statistics were used to examine the data.The overall sample's health-related quality of life was strongly predicted by sleep characteristics and vigorous physical activity, according to the results (F = 0.017, p = 0.000). There was no significant correlation found between any level of physical activity and health-related quality of life for females. Still, vigorous and moderate physical activity variables significantly predicted health-related quality of life in males when examined by gender (t = 6.837, df = 309.115, p <.05).Vigorous physical activity and good sleep are beneficial for helping college students improve health-related quality of life, but this benefit may vary by gender.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2064College studentshealth-related quality of lifephysical activitysleepIraqoai:doaj.org/article:e1732c19749e450591d6066e0971db8e2024-03-28T10:44:26ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2061The effect of neuromuscular training on improving some skill performances in basketballMahfoodha Al Kitani0Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences Faculty of Education - Sultan Qaboos University
The aim of the recent study was to examine the effect of neuromuscular training on performance layup and free throw shots performance among female basketball students. Study sample was female students of physical education and sport sciences department (Age 20.21±39.0) who volunteered to participate in this study. Thirty-seven female students participated in this study, where (21) female students were selected to be experimental group of neuromuscular exercises. A sample of (16) female students was used for the exploratory study from the original community. Results showed that neuromuscular exercises can improve the chosen basketball skills (free-throw and layup-shot shooting). The contribution of neuromuscular training in a positive way to the free-throw and layup-shooting skills.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2061shootingbasketballneuromuscular exercisesoai:doaj.org/article:4281d8e24a7e409684c029de76e20d4e2024-03-28T10:44:26ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2060Mental arrangement in cognitive processes, processing information accurately, and performing the skill of shooting from both sides in basketballRajesh Kumar0Ahmed Amer1Education osmania university and Director of Physical education osmania university Hyderabad University of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and sport sciences
Basketball is considered an open-surface game that requires the player to deal with the variables of the match according to the movement or stability of the opponent and in the form of motor responses and accuracy and the arrival of the balls to the different playing areas in which the teammate is present to obtain an appropriate opportunity for the process of possession and control of the course of the game that qualifies the team to win the game. Or achieve the required points in the matches. The response is the motor ability that a basketball player needs. It takes a short time to execute, provided that this execution is distinguished by the element of accuracy, which comes from the mental arrangement of cognitive processes through which information related to the details of the technical performance of skills, especially the skill of lateral shooting in basketball, is prepared. The research aims to identify the role of mental arrangement in cognitive processes and prepare information for the accuracy of performing the skill of shooting from both sides of the basket among young players. It is assumed that there is a statistically significant correlation between mental arrangement in cognitive processes and preparing information for the accuracy of performing shooting from both sides of the basket for the youth group, and it was the research sample was 30 young players from the Al-Zafaraniya Youth and Sports Center, Diyala Bridge, and the municipalities in Baghdad - Al-Rusafa. The descriptive approach was adopted using the method of correlational relations, and the researcher used statistical methods, percentages, correlation coefficient (Pearson), arithmetic mean, and standard deviation to reach the results, and the results were presented. Analyzing and discussing the results, and arriving at the most important conclusions, there is a significant correlation between the mental arrangement in the cognitive processes and processing of information and the accuracy of shooting from both sides of the basket for the youth group. It is recommended to emphasize the mental arrangement in the cognitive processes and processing of information, provided that it is coupled with the accuracy of shooting side tackles with the ball. Basketball for young players.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2060mental arrangementcognitive processesaccuracybasketball handlingBasketballoai:doaj.org/article:cf1669b3774642c2bba65551e27d65282024-03-28T10:44:25ZTENDOlNwb3J0cw~~araCollege of Physical Education and Sport Sciencesالتربية الرياضية2073-64522707-57292024-03-0136110.37359/JOPE.V36(1)2024.2065A Comparison of Some Important Biochemical Indicators According to Escalating Physical Effort till Fatigue for Elite Freestyle Wrestlers, 800m Runners, and 200m Freestyle SwimmersDavid Curby0Ahmed Ali1Ghazwan Khudair2LaGrange, Illinois, USA 60525University of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and sport sciences uUniversity of Baghdad, College of Physical Education and sport sciences u
It is the nature of the game and the activity that determines the characteristic of the manifestation of fatigue according to what is required by the neuromuscular work in it, as well as the changes that occur in the functional variables and the time of the differential threshold. The location of each activity and the game of these teams have been studied in a special table for energy production systems as a result of continuous changes in their laws, and are considered within the energy systems such as the anaerobic system (Phosphagine) and lactic acid for (800) m runners - freestyle swimmers (200) m in the physical effort till fatigue. The comparison in the important functional indicators for them, and the research methodology embodied in the way of working through the method used, which is the descriptive method in comparison then, the researchers identified the research community for the young national team athletes for freestyle wrestling, and the national team(800)m runners, as well as of the national team in (200) m swimming for the sports season (2022-2023), A total of 21 athletes were selected in an organized manner and distributed into three equal groups (7 athletes) for each of the three types of sports (wrestler, 200-meter swimming and 800-meter running)., and the researchers would conduct tests for the research variables biochemical for the sample members, as well as some variables that have an impact on the results of the study such as (height, age, weight, and the age of training ), and the homogenization of the research sample members was carried out. The results of statistical treatments were presented, analyzed, and discussed, supported by sources.
The most important conclusions were that most of the activities and the variation of values are very essential biochemical indicators. The differences were significant and the positive variation in accordance to the type of sport or activity, and the last variation between the activities in terms of comparison in these variables is due to the nature and specificity in terms of the intensity of the resistances and direct and indirect friction For competitors and the expenditure of energy stored in muscles. Finally, the researchers recommended knowing the most important biochemical indicators in these events and sports as they reflect a clear picture of the individuals' internal preparations and functional responses.
https://jcope.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/jcope/article/view/2065Biochemicalindicatorsescalated physical effortelite athletes wrestlingathleticsoai:doaj.org/article:14442db2407e4c679c9c91335037817e2024-03-28T10:43:07ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143189193http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.189Book Review: Students First: Equity, Access, and Opportunity in Higher EducationCathryn B. BennettDelma RamosAuthors: Paul LeBlanc
Publisher: Harvard Education Press
Country of Publication: United States of America
Year of Publication: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-68253-675-9
Pages: ix - 232https://johepal.com/article-1-451-en.htmlhigher educationequity for allfaculty governanceacademic freedomsociology of higher educationoai:doaj.org/article:65f2cc4caff5429eb2aa5a2b3f9bb4222024-03-28T10:42:20ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.04ЭКЗИСТЕНЦИЯ ШКАЛАСЫНЫҢ ПСИХОМЕТРИЯЛЫҚ СИПАТТАРЫ МЕН ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК-ДЕМОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІK. Akhan0A. Kassymzhanova1B. Piko2M. Akhmetzhanova3«Тұран» университеті, Қазақстан, Алматы«Тұран» университеті, Қазақстан, АлматыСегед университеті, Венгрия, Сегед«Тұран» университеті, Қазақстан, Алматы
Мақалада өзіндік алшақтық, өзіндік трансценденттік, еркіндік, жауапкершілік сияқты тұлғаның экзистенциялық кемелденуін құрайтын өлшемдердің әлеуметтік-демографиялық ерекшеліктерін анықтау мақсатында жүргізілген эмпирикалық зерттеудің нәтижелері қамтылған. Зерттеу жүргізу барысында A. Laengle-нің «Экзистенция шкаласы» әдістемесі қазақ тіліне аудырылып, тіл мен ұлт ерекшелігіне бейімделді. Өлшеу құралының альфа-Кронбах көрсеткіші 0,932-ке тең болды. Бұл көрсеткіш әдістеменің қазақ тілді нұсқасының сенімділік статистикасы өте жоғары екенін және қолданысқа енгізуге болатынын көрсетеді. «Экзистенция шкаласын» жүргізу барысында алынған мәліметтердің қалыпты үлестірім заңдылығына сәйкестігі тексеріліп, әр субшкала бойынша пайыздық көрсеткіштерге сипаттама берілді. Зерттеу жұмысының мақсатын орындау үшін әдістемеге берілген жауаптармен қатар жиналған респонденттердің жасы, жынысы, білімі, отбасылық және жұмыс жағдайына байланысты ақпаратты қолдана отырып, корреляциялық және дисперсиялық талдау жасалынды. Нәтижесінде әр түрлі жыныс өкілдері арасында және отбасылық пен жұмыс жағдайына байланысты еркіндік, жауапкершілік, экзистенция субшкалалары және экзистенциялық кемелдену шкаласы бойынша көрсеткіштерде айырмашылықтар анықталды. Алынған қорытынды нәтижелер дәл осы әдістемені қолдану арқылы жүргізілген австриялық зерттеу нәтижесімен салыстырылды. Зерттеу нәтижесін экзистенциялық бағыттағы зерттеушілер, практик-психологтар мен психотерапевттер қазақ тілді тұлғалармен жұмыс жасау барысында қолдана алады.
Түйін сөздер: экзистенциялық кемелдену, экзистенция, өзіндік алшақтық, өзіндік трансценденттік, еркіндік, жауапкершілік.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1871oai:doaj.org/article:57eaac09c02245c1a221c7e6bd1bb71a2024-03-28T10:42:20ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.08REPATRIATION IN KAZAKHSTAN: RELEVANCE OF TERMINOLOGY AND SOCIAL ADAPTATION (ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH) M. Sharimova0L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan, Astana
In the context of rapid changes occurring in the economy and geopolitics, we are faced with the task of studying conceptual approaches to defining the term repatriate for ethnic Kazakhs, as well as identifying social factors of their adaptation. The purpose of the study was to determine the relevance of the introduction of the term "kandas" and its preference over the term "oralman", as well as to identify factors of social adaptation using the quantitative method of sociological survey. Research question: do different categories of respondents agree with the introduction of the new term "kandas" instead of the term "oralman"?
The main conclusions of the study confirm the following hypotheses:
• For ethnic Kazakhs returning to their historical homeland, the term "kandas" is more suitable than the term "oralman".
• Gender of kandases does not affect the preferences of communication with them among citizens of Kazakhstan.
• The age of the kandases does not affect the preferences of communication with them among citizens of Kazakhstan.
• The settlement of the kandases in the northern regions of Kazakhstan is more favorable.
During the period from July 20, 2022 to March 20, 2023, a sociological questionnaire survey was conducted in written form by contact communication through the delivery of questionnaires to respondents, as well as from April 3, 2023 to June 9, 2023 in the form of a contactless online survey using a Google form on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, respondents' preferences in communicating with kandas by gender and age were identified, as well as the optimal region in the settlement of kandas. The scientific value of the study lies in the confirmation of the hypotheses put forward, which are a scientific novelty in the field of kandases' immigration. The practical significance of the research results lies in the use of the results of a sociological survey for practical recommendations on the integration of kandas in the north of Kazakhstan.
Key words: kandas, migration, social adaptation.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1817oai:doaj.org/article:b28aebb9ac394b9a85c807a7a10abf142024-03-28T10:42:19ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.010ДЕМОНСТРАТИВНОЕ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ: КОНТЕНТ-АНАЛИЗ ГЕНДЕРНОГО ЛИДЕРСТВА В СРЕДСТВАХ МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ КАЗАХСТАНА Yu. Vyatkina0G. Burakanova1А. Abzalbekova2Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева, Казахстан, АстанаЕвразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева, Казахстан, АстанаТОО «Институт прикладных этнополитических исследований» при Министерстве культуры и информации, Казахстан, Астана
В представленной научной статье рассматривается анализ и исследования женского лидерства как одного из аспектов демонстративного потребления в современном казахстанском обществе. В ходе исследования был проведен анализ контента наиболее цитируемых СМИ страны и популярных телевизионных каналов с целью выявления особенностей восприятия женского лидерства в медийной среде и его отражения в общественном мнении. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о недостаточном внимании к проблеме женского лидерства в телеэфире и о слабой ассоциации женщин с понятиями «лидер» и «руководитель». Исследование также подчеркивает существующее неравенство возможностей для карьерного роста между мужчинами и женщинами в государственной службе. Отмечается важность дальнейшего исследования роли средств массовой информации в формировании гендерных стереотипов и создании условий для повышения статуса женщин в обществе. Поддержка самовыражения женщин через проявление социального статуса рассматривается как перспективное направление для достижения женского лидерства в Казахстане. Такие выводы требуют дальнейших исследований и разработки активных мероприятий в сфере социальной политики, чтобы обеспечить более справедливое и равноправное участие женщин в общественной жизни страны.
Ключевые слова: демонстративное потребление, женское лидерство, пирамида Маслоу, социальный статус, контент-анализ, средства массовой информации.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1903oai:doaj.org/article:7f99763e0efd47109f68ff26708824a12024-03-28T10:42:19ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.05CONSEQUENCES OF BIAS: PERSONAL COSTS OF PREJUDICE ON HAPPINESS, HEALTH AND LIFE-SATISFACTION IN A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDYBashirat Abiodun Ibrahim0University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Ilorin
Prejudice is certainly consequential for the victim’s well-being but the consequence of the same for perpetrators of prejudice is not clear-cut. This study therefore explores the impact of prejudice culpability on individuals' happiness, subjective health, and life satisfaction using cross-national data.
Analyzing secondary data from the 2017-2020 European Values Survey (N = 58,103) and the 2017-2021 World Values Survey (N = 76,897) across 81 countries, the study focuses on three indicators of prejudice: prejudice against immigrants, racial prejudice, and prioritizing national individuals for employment during job scarcity. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were employed to assess the equality of mean scores for happiness, subjective health, and life satisfaction among respondents exhibiting prejudice or aversion to it.
Results reveal that respondents culpable of prejudice against immigrants constituted 21.7%, racial prejudice was at 15.5%, and 66% were culpable of prioritizing national people for employment. Mean±SD scores indicate that happiness was 3.13±0.69 (min. = 1, max. = 4), subjective health was 3.77±0.90 (min. = 1, max. = 5), and life satisfaction was 7.20±2.18 (min. = 1, max. = 10). Notably, individuals culpable of all three forms of prejudice experienced significantly poorer happiness, subjective health, and life satisfaction (p < 0.05).
Contrary to the notion that prejudice exclusively harms its victims, this study underscores the negative consequences of prejudice for both victims and perpetrators. Recognizing the adverse personal effects on those holding biased views offers a valuable perspective for designing interventions aimed at reducing prejudice. Hence, this nuanced understanding can inform the development of more holistic and effective prejudice reduction interventions.
Keywords: Prejudice reduction intervention, immigrants, outgroup, subjective well-being
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1902oai:doaj.org/article:08d9124dc65a4888bf67449f16f0f72e2024-03-28T10:42:19ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.03ТҰРМЫСТЫҚ ЗОРЛЫҚ-ЗОМБЫЛЫҚТЫ БАСЫНАН КЕШІРГЕН ӘЙЕЛДЕРДІҢ ПСИХОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ САУЛЫҒЫG. Akymbek0G. Menlibekova1S. Iliyevа2Zh. Bekova3Л.Н. Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті, Қазақстан, АстанаЛ.Н. Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті, Қазақстан, АстанаКлимента Охридски атындағы София университеті, Болгария, СофияАстана халықаралық университеті, Қазақстан, Астана
Мақала тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешірген әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының ерекшелігін зерттеуге арналған. Себебі әйелдердің саулығы ерлі-зайыптылардың нақты мақсаттарына, отбасылық жоспарларын сәтті жүзеге асыруға, өзара мінез-құлық ерекшеліктерін түсінуге, сондай-ақ алға қойған мақсаттарына жету үшін ресурстар мен жағдайларға байланысты. Алайда қазіргі таңда өзекті болып отырған тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылық психологиялық саулықты бұзушы факторлардың бірі. Тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықтың құрбаны көпшілігінде әйелдер болып табылады. Күнделікті өмірде физикалық, психологиялық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешіру, әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының нашарлауына жағдай жасайды.
Мақаланың негізгі мақсаты тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықтың құрбаны болған әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының ерекшелігін анықтау болып табылады. Зерттеуден алынған мәліметтер психологиялық саулық феноменінің субъективті жақтарын анықтауға мүмкіндік береді.
Мақалада саулық, субъективті саулық, психологиялық саулық категорияларына сипттама беріліп, жалпы әйелдердің, сонын ішінде тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықтың құрбаны болған әйелдердің психологиялық саулығын қарастырған зерттеулерге талдау жасалынған. Эксперименталды зерттеуде тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешірген әйелдердің психологиялық саулығының ерекшелігін анықтау үшін PERMA-Profiler сауалнамасы қолданылып, алынған нәтижелерге математикалық статистика қолданылған. Зерттеуде эксперименталды топ (тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылықты басынан кешірген әйелдер) пен бақылау тобы (қалыпты отбасындағы әйелдер) тобының нәтижелері салыстырылып, екі топ арасындағы айырмашылық статистикалық тұрғыда көрісетілген. Зерттеу нәтижесі бойынша эксперименталды топтағы әйелдерде жалпы саулықтың көрсеткіші орташа дәрежеде екендігі анықталды. Оның себебі: әйелдер өткен өмірінде отбасында көрген зорлық-зорлықпен салыстырғанда, дағдарыс орталығына келгеннен бері өмірінде мағына пайда болғанын, біршама жетістікке жеткенін, мақсатқа бір қадам аяқ басып, бақыттымын деп бағалауымен байланысты. Демек, жалпы психологиялық саулық феномені әрбір адам үшін субъективті болып табылуы мүмкін.
Түйін сөздер: саулық, психологиялық саулық, отбасылық саулық, тұрмыстық зорлық-зомбылық, өмірге қанағаттану, өмірлік мағына
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1882oai:doaj.org/article:89180e03d8704801af25d5226c429ca12024-03-28T10:42:18ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.06СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ХИДЖАБА: БИБЛИОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ БАЗЫ ДАННЫХ SCOPUS (С 2002 ПО 2022 ГГ.)A. Saimassayeva0G. Abdiraiymova1D. Burkhanova2Казахский национальный университет им. аль-Фараби, Казахстан, АлматыКазахский национальный университет им. аль-Фараби, Казахстан, АлматыНазарбаев Университет, Казахстан, Астана
Социологические аспекты в изучении хиджаба актуализируют возрастающий научный интерес и исследовательские перспективы с точки зрения увеличения религиозных практик его ношения среди женщин. В статье предлагается «новая оптика», основанная на проведении библиометрического анализа, с использованием современных инструментов анализа данных, таких как R Studio и VosViewer, что позволило авторам определить и систематизировать возможные тренды и периоды увеличенной активности научных публикаций. Целью настоящей статьи является выявление ключевых тенденций и динамики развития темы, а также формирование тематических кластеров, характеризующих изучаемую область научного знания за последние двадцать лет с 2002 по 2022 годы. В рамках настоящей работы авторами применена библиометрическая методология, включающая анализ набора данных 303 высокоцитируемых научных публикаций, 10 наиболее влиятельных журналов и продуктивных стран в области изучения хиджаба. Практическая значимость настоящей работы создает основу для дальнейших исследований в области социологии религии.
Статья подготовлена в рамках грантового финансирования Комитета науки МНиВО РК (АР19679699 «Религиозность/духовность, благополучие и идентичность казахстанской молодежи: сравнительное страновое исследование»).
Ключевые слова: социальная структура, социально-экономическое неравенство, религиозная идентичность, вера, религиозное убеждение.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1938oai:doaj.org/article:361c5713dd954bd9837d9db2b1f9704f2024-03-28T10:42:18ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.01FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF RELIGIOUS IDENTITY AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF MODERN KAZAKHSTAN STUDENTS (USING THE EXAMPLE OF АL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY)O. Aimaganbetova0L. Kassym1S. Zhantikeyev2B. Kazikhanov3E. Adilova4Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, AlmatyThames Valley District School Board, Canada, LondonTuran University - Astana, Kazakhstan, Astana Аcademy of National Security Committee, Kazakhstan, AlmatyAl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Almaty
The relevance of this article is determined by the increased scale of psychological and psychosocial problems determined by the increase in interethnic and interfaith tension, as well as the strengthening of the processes of religious identification and its influence on value orientations, which led to transformations in the moral sphere.
In this regard, the purpose of the article was to study the peculiarities of the relationship between religious identity and value orientations of modern Kazakh students (using the example of students of аl-Farabi Kazakh National University). To achieve this goal, methodological tools were used, including the questionnaire “Components of Religious Identity”, “Value Questionnaire (PVQ-R2)” and “Methodology for the Study of Values”. Verification of the research results showed that the religious identity of students belonging to the most widespread denominations in Kazakhstan - Islam and Orthodox Christianity - has much in common and at the same time is determined by differences. For Muslim students, the social aspects of religious identity are most relevant. The religious identity of students professing Christianity is more individual and less ethno-confessional in orientation. The general trend that unites both religious groups is the presence of a religious identity aimed at protecting against anxiety and worry (through the relationship of its external components with corresponding value orientations). The article is of practical importance for further research and monitoring of the processes of religious identification and its connection with the value orientations of young people emerging in a multicultural and multi-confessional state.
Key words: religious identity, value orientations, relationship, student youth, Muslims, Christians, etc.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1932oai:doaj.org/article:f1012e72c5014142b6c51d7af4cda0b02024-03-28T10:42:17ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.09CORRELATION OF RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR VALUES IN KAZAKHSTAN SOCIETYМ. Abdikakimov0М. Karibayev1Shakarim University, Kazakhstan, SemeyShakarim University, Kazakhstan, Semey
This article reflects the nature of the correlation of religious and secular values in Kazakhstan society. The authors show that in the process of modern global socio-economic relations, socio-cultural changes have begun in local traditional cultures, and these changes are especially manifested in attitudes to religious values. When studying these changes, the authors separately touch upon the concepts of faith, religiosity and secularism, and compare the nature and specifics of these trends with sociological theories. The work of the authors of the study with the data of the large-scale project "World Values Survey" and the secondary analysis of the data of this project increases the scientific significance of the study. The possibility of using the materials of this study for decision-making in matters of religion in the field of public administration and in the study of academic disciplines and special courses related to the topic of religion increases the practical significance of the study.
Thus, the article analyzes the idea of the role of religion, considers the importance of its study and provides a description of the analysis of the relationship between religious and secular values based on sociological theories. Within the framework of the topic under consideration, authors from a number of sociological theories take as a basis the integrative theory of sociocultural changes by Ronald Inglehart and Wayne Baker, as well as the theory of social interaction, authored by P. Sorokin. Thus, the authors describe the ideas of these theories through sociological data that reflect people's attitudes to the culture of religion as one of the indicators of cultural changes in Kazakh society. We see that religiosity or traditionalism are not the main characteristic of the values of Kazakh society, there are also indicators of the spread of post-materialistic values and aspirations among the population, which we can see only in modern civil society.
Keywords: religion, religiosity, secularism, traditionalism, socio-economic changes.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1965oai:doaj.org/article:cbed04e5aa794ebeaf277cb42e697a882024-03-28T10:42:17ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.02IMPACT OF PERSISTENCE ON SELF-ESTEEM AT THE STUDENT AGE N. Auyelbekova0N. Akhtayeva1D. Klepikov2Z. Sadvakassova3H. Abdurakhmonov4Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, AlmatyAl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, AlmatyAsfendiyarov Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, AlmatyAl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, AlmatyTashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Uzbekistan, Tashkent
This article examines the relationship of self-esteem with perseverance, optimism, activity and responsibility. The authors analyzed the scientific literature in order to further explore self-esteem for its improvement. The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that self-esteem forms an idea of oneself, is an important regulator of behavior and affects all spheres of personal life. It determines the quality of life, efficiency and self-realization of the individual. The purpose of this study is to examine the features of self-esteem, the relationship with persistence and determine its socio-psychological factors.
The study involved 200 students aged 18 to 23 years from six universities in Kazakhstan. Five diagnostic techniques were used: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Optimism and Activity Scale, AOS; Carver-White questionnaire, BIS/BAS; Locus of Control Survey (Rotter); Hexaco PI-R60 questionnaire. The results of the conducted research showed the relationship of self-esteem with such indicators as optimism and activity, sociability and responsibility. The influence on self-esteem of factors such as sports, self-belief, parental support, satisfaction with appearance and studies, academic performance, suicidal thoughts and loneliness. According to the empirical analysis, the tendency of respondents to overestimate their self-esteem was found. The paper discussed the characteristics of students their values and other indicators. The study showed that 23.5% of students feel lonely, almost the same number of students think about suicide. Thus, this study provides new knowledge about self-esteem and its relationship with other psychological factors. It contributed to the understanding of the role of self-esteem in the formation of self-image and personality behavior, and is also of practical value for the development of psychological programs and techniques for working with students' self-esteem.
Key words: self-esteem, self-confidence, optimism, activity, persistence.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1940oai:doaj.org/article:b4c524895db54103bbb47da405ed85082024-03-28T10:42:17ZTENDOlBzeWNob2xvZ3k~TENDOlNvY2lvbG9neSAoR2VuZXJhbCk~engAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityХабаршы. Психология және социология сериясы2617-75442617-75522024-03-0188110.26577/JPsS.2024.v88.i1.07ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE UNIFIED NATIONAL TESTING IN THE CONTEXT OF VARIOUS CHARACTERISTICS OF GRADUATES OF SCHOOLS IN KAZAKHSTANА. Shabdenova0А. Satybayeva1Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, AlmatyAl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Almaty
This article presents an analysis of the results of the unified national Testing (UNT) in Kazakhstan in the context of available socio-demographic characteristics. The main purpose of the study is to determine what the results of the final assessment of schoolchildren in various social groups are. The scientific significance of the work lies in the presentation of the formation of methods for analyzing such data. On the practical side, the results are important for a wide range of the public interested in understanding the problematic factors of the UNT. The research methodology covers quantitative and qualitative indicators: the data of the UNT results were obtained from open sources of the Republican State-Owned Enterprise (RSE) "National Testing Center" of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, within the framework of the qualitative method, the results of other studies in relation to the studied topic were analyzed using the Desk-research method. The analysis revealed certain differences, among which there are gender differences in test results and the choice of educational programs, differences in the context of educational programs, quotas and periods of the UNT were confirmed. In general, it is of interest to further study this topic, to trace the dynamics of changes in the parameters analyzed in the article, as well as to expand the categories included, which provides the basis for a longitudinal study and continuation of the analysis demonstrated in the presented article.
Key words: integrated national testing, average certificate score, average grade, university admission, score analysis, pedagogical sciences.
https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/1942oai:doaj.org/article:7b6429f640e44428b39251805948e9a72024-03-28T10:41:26ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143182187http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.182Building Community and Connections -- Higher Education Today and Tomorrow: An Interview with Dr. Robin Matross HelmsRobin Matross HelmsInterview with Dr. Robin Matross Helms
https://johepal.com/article-1-450-en.htmlacademic inflationineffective educational policy decisionscommunity &connection in heuniversity social authority &academic legitimacyartificial intelligencehe futureoai:doaj.org/article:4c3a6ae644db4925b9f2556b877554182024-03-28T10:39:57ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143175180http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.175The Effects of Power Abuse on Educational Processes in Private Universities in Nangarhar, AfghanistanAbdul Qayoum SafiAbdul Manan SapiHazrat Shah KayenAbuse of power harms the actions and effects of organizations. In the same vein, the damage will be greater if the abuse occurs in educational institutions. In developing countries like Afghanistan, the possibility of abuse of power in private universities is high.
This study presents cases of power abuse in private higher education institutions in Nangarhar, Afghanistan. In this regard, the case study design fits the scope and purpose of the research. The researchers conducted interviews with students, administrative staff, and lecturers of private universities in eastern Afghanistan.
As a result, the study found that there are two types of power abuse in private universities in Nangarhar: abuse of power by lecturers and abuse of power by senior management staff. The study also found that the abuse of power in private universities has many negative effects on the education process, such as the graduation of bogus students, low-quality teaching, and reduced research activities.https://johepal.com/article-1-449-en.htmlpower abuseuniversity senior management staffeducational processesprivate universitiesnangarhar – afghanistanlecturersoai:doaj.org/article:9d67a085571d4a5d8eb60db4c408c28a2024-03-28T10:38:13ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143168173http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.168Jordanian State Universities Developmental Centers for Building the Competences of the Academic and Administrative University Teaching StaffOmar RababahThe study aimed to evaluate the role of the performance development centers for teaching staff members at Jordanian state universities to develop academic and administrative capabilities.
The descriptive approach was used to investigate and achieve the study's objectives. The study sample comprised six hundred teaching staff and adopted a twenty-nine-item questionnaire.
The study results showed that the evaluation of the role of teaching staff at development centers in the Jordanian state universities in building academic and administrative capacities is of a high degree. Some results showed a set of suggestions from teaching staff members to improve the role of the centers.
The study recommended that the university administration implement the suggestions of faculty members to increase the teaching process's effectiveness. Also, higher education institutes worldwide can see their suggestions and apply what is necessary in their institutes.https://johepal.com/article-1-448-en.htmlacademic &administrative capabilitiesfaculty development centresjordanian state universitieseffectiveness of the teachingacademic and administrative capabilitiesoai:doaj.org/article:f312f4dd77564398b01e54eecdbbbec32024-03-28T10:36:42ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143157166http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.157Rethinking University Presidencies in Canadian Higher EducationLawrence A. WhiteThis article discusses the evolving role of university presidents in Canada. The university president is accountable for the successful operation of a university and achieving its strategic goals. The role has become complex due to factors such as the absence of a standard definition of a university, decentralization of funding, and increased competition for student enrollment and research funding. Universities have grown considerably, leading to more diverse and activist populations, larger budgets, and the need for more people to manage internal and external relationships. University presidents must now balance the interests of various stakeholders such as faculty, boards, alumni, governments, and learners. They must also plan for and address the challenges created by system modernization and enterprise technologies, internationalization, campus health and security, changing governments, shifting policy directions, climate change, social justice, and neoliberalism. This article argues that university presidents must possess strong communication skills, impeccable management acumen, and the ability to relate to the evolving realities of learners. This article concludes that the role of university president has evolved from being presiding figures to being accountable leaders who must navigate the complex demands of the modern university system.
https://johepal.com/article-1-447-en.htmlhigher education leadershipuniversity presidentsuniversity culturecareer complexityleadership rolesoai:doaj.org/article:de6c0c24a3b942d4b8f0d2f9ac9d96592024-03-28T10:35:11ZTENDOkdlb2xvZ3k~engCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032024-03-01172427244510.5194/gmd-17-2427-2024ParticleDA.jl v.1.0: a distributed particle-filtering data assimilation packageD. Giles0D. Giles1M. M. Graham2M. Giordano3T. Koskela4A. Beskos5A. Beskos6S. Guillas7S. Guillas8S. Guillas9Department of Statistical Sciences, University College London, London, UKCentre of Advanced Research Computing (ARC), University College London, London, UKCentre of Advanced Research Computing (ARC), University College London, London, UKCentre of Advanced Research Computing (ARC), University College London, London, UKCentre of Advanced Research Computing (ARC), University College London, London, UKDepartment of Statistical Sciences, University College London, London, UKThe Alan Turing Institute, London, UKDepartment of Statistical Sciences, University College London, London, UKCentre of Advanced Research Computing (ARC), University College London, London, UKThe Alan Turing Institute, London, UK<p>Digital twins of physical and human systems informed by real-time data are becoming ubiquitous across weather forecasting, disaster preparedness, and urban planning, but researchers lack the tools to run these models effectively and efficiently, limiting progress. One of the current challenges is to assimilate observations in highly non-linear dynamical systems, as the practical need is often to detect abrupt changes. We have developed a software platform to improve the use of real-time data in non-linear system representations where non-Gaussianity limits the applicability of data assimilation algorithms such as the ensemble Kalman filter and variational methods. Particle-filter-based data assimilation algorithms have been implemented within a user-friendly open-source software platform in Julia – ParticleDA.jl. To ensure the applicability of the developed platform in realistic scenarios, emphasis has been placed on numerical efficiency and scalability on high-performance computing systems. Furthermore, the platform has been developed to be forward-model agnostic, ensuring that it is applicable to a wide range of modelling settings, for instance unstructured and non-uniform meshes in the spatial domain or even state spaces that are not spatially organized. Applications to tsunami and numerical weather prediction demonstrate the computational benefits and ease of using the high-level Julia interface with the package to perform filtering in a variety of complex models.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/17/2427/2024/gmd-17-2427-2024.pdfoai:doaj.org/article:6ed1a5110ab8408689205630048158a52024-03-28T10:35:09ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143132155http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.132Enrollment Management Strategies at Rural Community Colleges Resulting from the PandemicRobin C. DanielMitchell R. WilliamsKim E. BullingtonHigher education institutions around the world were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020. Because U.S. community colleges focus on two-year degrees and workforce development, they were affected differently than their four-year counterparts. This study examined how academic administrators at different rural community colleges in Virginia, United States, perceived enrollment management practices that were implemented or changed due to the pandemic. This sequential explanatory study’s first phase was quantitative and measured mid- to senior-level administrators’ views of how the pandemic affected their colleges’ enrollment management practices. The second qualitative phase resulted in five themes surrounding COVID-related enrollment management practices: a) COVID-19 led to crisis management and operations in phases; b) managing student onboarding during COVID-19; c) COVID-19 created unique challenges for community college students; d) COVID-19 affected decision-making procedures; and e) COVID-19 resulted in work/life balance issues and COVID fatigue. Implications and future directions are provided to ensure that community college enrollment managers and policymakers understand how to continue to pivot to ensure student services are maintained or enhanced during a crisis.
https://johepal.com/article-1-446-en.htmlenrollment managementcovid-19crisis managementrural community collegesdecision-making processesoai:doaj.org/article:b1dd325bc8e44ccea8fccdddfa7ade1b2024-03-28T10:33:18ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143118130http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.118Investigating the Influence of Classroom Leadership Preferences on the Use of Technology: A Survey of Korean University LearnersAndrew SchenckAlthough there are several studies which explore learner variation, little research has been conducted to investigate how different preferences for classroom leadership are linked to the use of technology. Fifty-seven Korean university students were given two surveys to examine preferences for both classroom leadership and the use of technology. After collecting responses, data was then compared using the non-parametric Spearman Rho formula for Likert-scale data. Results revealed distinctly different perspectives on technology, which appeared to be influenced by learner preferences for either autocratic or transformational leadership. Whereas learners with autocratic leadership preferences favored using technology to make knowledge transmission easier, learners with democratic or transformational leadership preferences favored the individualistic use of technology for knowledge creation and discovery. In addition to this distinction, leadership preferences also appeared to impact expectations for communication. Whereas learners who preferred autocratic leadership styles desired using technology to connect with other students, learners who preferred democratic-transformational and transformational leadership also desired close connections with teachers via technology, reflecting expectations for more egalitarian social relationships.
https://johepal.com/article-1-445-en.htmltransformational leadershipautocratic leadershipdemocratic leadershipclassroom leadershiptechnologyoai:doaj.org/article:6228a9e8af6b41be94b8dd2e1f375a6c2024-03-28T10:32:50ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lTENDOlBoYXJtYWN5IGFuZCBtYXRlcmlhIG1lZGljYQ~~TENDOlRoZXJhcGV1dGljcy4gUGhhcm1hY29sb2d5engSociedade Brasileira de Farmácia Hospitalar e Serviços de SaúdeRevista Brasileira de Farmácia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saúde2179-59242316-77502024-03-011511141114110.30968/rbfhss.2023.151.11411525Pharmacy and linguistics: strategies for promoting health literacyDyego Carlos ARAÚJOMaria José FINATTOhttps://rbfhss.org.br/sbrafh/article/view/1141oai:doaj.org/article:97fb86519a2c4b81b989cf3346f06d852024-03-28T10:31:59ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-014397116http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.97Beds are Burning: A Study of Green Human Resource Management Implementation on the Quality of Work Life in Public UniversitiesM. Ikhwan Maulana HaeruddinHikmah HiromiMuhammad Ilham Wardhana HaeruddinThis paper comes to investigate the impact of green human resources management (GHRM) toward the Quality of Working Life (QWL) in public universities in Indonesia as current literature contains only a number of studies that investigate the GHRM on different issues in developing countries. Furthermore, most of the GHRM practices are implemented by the private organizations and businesses and the study focuses on the GHRM practices in government institutions are lacking, especially in higher education settings (Aftab et al., 2022; Ha & Uyen, 2021; Pham et al., 2022). The samples were 84 academics scattered in Indonesian public universities. Data was collected by using questionnaires, where in analyzing data analysis, path analysis was employed by using the SPSS software. Results of this study indicate GHRM not only has positive and significant influence on employee’s health and well-being and productivity, but also improving the QWL of employees in public universities. This study is limited by the research design in grasping a comprehensive result. However, this limitation is justified as the hypotheses of this study required answers to scope, rather than depth.
https://johepal.com/article-1-444-en.htmlgreen human resource managementquality of work lifepublic universitiesproductivityacademics well-beingoai:doaj.org/article:6b5c7a340b424443842538c722cd66712024-03-28T10:31:21ZTENDOkR5bmFtaWMgYW5kIHN0cnVjdHVyYWwgZ2VvbG9neQ~~engCopernicus PublicationsEarth Surface Dynamics2196-63112196-632X2024-03-011249351410.5194/esurf-12-493-2024A physics-based model for fluvial valley widthJ. M. Turowski0A. Bufe1A. Bufe2S. Tofelde3S. Tofelde4Helmholtz Zentrum Potsdam, GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) Potsdam, Potsdam, GermanyHelmholtz Zentrum Potsdam, GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) Potsdam, Potsdam, GermanyDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, GermanyInstitute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germanynow at: Institute of Geological Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany<p>The width of fluvial valley floors is a key parameter to quantifying the morphology of mountain regions. Valley floor width is relevant to diverse fields including sedimentology, fluvial geomorphology, and archaeology. The width of valleys has been argued to depend on climatic and tectonic conditions, on the hydraulics and hydrology of the river channel that forms the valley, and on sediment supply from valley walls. Here, we derive a physically based model that can be used to predict valley width and test it against three different datasets. The model applies to valleys that are carved by a river migrating laterally across the valley floor. We conceptualize river migration as a Poisson process, in which the river changes its direction stochastically at a mean rate determined by hydraulic boundary conditions. This approach yields a characteristic timescale for the river to cross the valley floor from one wall to the other. The valley width can then be determined by integrating the speed of migration over this timescale. For a laterally unconfined river that is not uplifting, the model predicts that the channel-belt width scales with river flow depth. Channel-belt width corresponds to the maximum width of a fluvial valley. We expand the model to include the effects of uplift and lateral sediment supply from valley walls. Both of these effects lead to a decrease in valley width in comparison to the maximum width. We identify a dimensionless number, termed the mobility–uplift number, which is the ratio between the lateral mobility of the river channel and uplift rate. The model predicts two limits: at high values of the mobility–uplift number, the valley evolves to the channel-belt width, whereas it corresponds to the channel width at low values. Between these limits, valley width is linked to the mobility–uplift number by a logarithmic function. As a consequence of the model, valley width increases with increasing drainage area, with a scaling exponent that typically has a value between 0.4 and 0.5, but can also be lower or higher. We compare the model to three independent datasets of valleys in experimental and natural uplifting landscapes and show that it closely predicts the first-order relationship between valley width and the mobility–uplift number.</p>https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/12/493/2024/esurf-12-493-2024.pdfoai:doaj.org/article:fbb91441113f492aaba3680e7ef5ee642024-03-28T10:31:09ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~TENDOkdlb2xvZ3k~engCopernicus PublicationsThe Cryosphere1994-04161994-04242024-03-01181443146510.5194/tc-18-1443-2024Review article: Terrestrial dissolved organic carbon in northern permafrostL. Heffernan0L. Heffernan1D. N. Kothawala2L. J. Tranvik3Limnology/Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, Uppsala 75236, Swedennow at: Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsLimnology/Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, Uppsala 75236, SwedenLimnology/Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, Uppsala 75236, Sweden<p>As the permafrost region warms and permafrost soils thaw, vast stores of soil organic carbon (C) become vulnerable to enhanced microbial decomposition and lateral transport into aquatic ecosystems as dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The mobilization of permafrost soil C can drastically alter the net northern permafrost C budget. DOC entering aquatic ecosystems becomes biologically available for degradation as well as other types of aquatic processing. However, it currently remains unclear which landscape characteristics are most relevant to consider in terms of predicting DOC concentrations entering aquatic systems from permafrost regions. Here, we conducted a systematic review of 111 studies relating to, or including, concentrations of DOC in terrestrial permafrost ecosystems in the northern circumpolar region published between 2000 and 2022. We present a new permafrost DOC dataset consisting of 2845 DOC concentrations, collected from the top 3 m in permafrost soils across the northern circumpolar region. Concentrations of DOC ranged from 0.1 to 500 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> (median <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 41 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) across all permafrost zones, ecoregions, soil types, and thermal horizons. Across the permafrost zones, the highest median DOC concentrations were in the sporadic permafrost zone (101 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>), while lower concentrations were found in the discontinuous (60 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) and continuous (59 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) permafrost zones. However, median DOC concentrations varied in these zones across ecosystem type, with the highest median DOC concentrations in each ecosystem type of 66 and 63 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> found in coastal tundra and permafrost bog ecosystems, respectively. Coastal tundra (130 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>), permafrost bogs (78 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>), and permafrost wetlands (57 mg L<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>) had the highest median DOC concentrations in the permafrost lens, representing a potentially long-term store of DOC. Other than in Yedoma ecosystems, DOC concentrations were found to increase following permafrost thaw and were highly constrained by total dissolved nitrogen concentrations. This systematic review highlights how DOC concentrations differ between organic- or mineral-rich deposits across the circumpolar permafrost region and identifies coastal tundra regions as areas of potentially important DOC mobilization. The quantity of permafrost-derived DOC exported laterally to aquatic ecosystems is an important step for predicting its vulnerability to decomposition.</p>https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1443/2024/tc-18-1443-2024.pdfoai:doaj.org/article:f51ef7a93a9a48328e200e69efd69a042024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852392240310.1002/cam4.2099Identification of competitive endogenous RNAs network in breast cancerXiaojin Wang0Jiahui Wan1Zhanxiang Xu2Shijun Jiang3Lin Ji4Yutian Liu5Shuwen Zhai6Rongjun Cui7Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang ChinaAbstract Background MiRNAs can regulate gene expression directly or indirectly, and long noncoding RNAs as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) can bind to miRNAs competitively and affect mRNA expression. The ceRNA network is still unclear in breast cancer. In this study, a ceRNA network was constructed, and new treatment and prognosis targets and biomarkers for breast cancer were explored. Methods A total of 1 096 cancer tissues and 112 adjacent normal tissues to cancer from the TCGA database were used to screen out significant differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), lncRNAs (DELs), and miRNAs (DEMis) to construct a ceRNA network. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to predict potential functions. Survival analysis was performed to predict which functions were significant for prognosis. Results From the analysis, 2 139 DEMs, 1 059 DELs, and 84 DEMis were obtained. Targeting predictions for DEMis‐DELs and DEMis‐DEMs can yield 26 DEMs, 90 DELs, and 18 DEMis. We performed GO enrichment analysis, and the results showed that the upregulated DEMs were involved in nucleosomes, extracellular regions, and nucleosome assembly, while the downregulated DEMs were mainly involved in Z disk, muscle contraction, and structural constituents of muscle. KEGG pathway analysis was performed on all DEMs, and the pathways were enriched in retinol metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. Through survival analysis of the ceRNA network, we identified four DEMs, two DELs, and two DEMis that were significant for poor prognosis. Conclusions This study suggested that constructing a ceRNA network and performing survival analysis on the network could screen out new significant treatment and prognosis targets and biomarkers.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2099breast cancerceRNA networkGO enrichment analysisKEGG pathway analysisprognosissurvival analysisoai:doaj.org/article:eaaf2fca3407472ab38fd2f840fb159a2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852675268510.1002/cam4.2077Novel immune–risk score of gastric cancer: A molecular prediction model combining the value of immune–risk status and chemosensitivityShijie Duan0Pengliang Wang1Funan Liu2Hanwei Huang3Wen An4Siwei Pan5Xin Wang6Department of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaAbstract Gastric cancer is still one of the most common and deadly malignancies in the world. Not all patients could benefit from chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy due to tumor heterogeneity. Therefore, identifying different subgroups of patients is an important trend for obtaining more effective responses. However, few molecular classifications associated with chemosensitivity are based on immune–risk status. In this study, we obtained six key immune–related genes. Using these genes, we constructed a molecular model related to immune–risk status and calculated an individual immune–risk score. The score showed great efficiency and stability in predicting prognosis and identifying different subgroups where persons could benefit from postoperative adjuvant therapy. The patients could be divided into different risk groups based on the immune–related score. For patients in the low–risk group, both postoperative chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy could significantly improve prognosis on overall survival (OS) and disease–free survival (DFS) (DFS, P < 0.001 and P = 0.041, respectively; OS, P < 0.001, P = 0.006, respectively) and chemoradiotherapy was significantly superior than simple chemotherapy (DFS, P = 0.031; OS, P = 0.027). For patients with an intermediate–risk score, postoperative chemoradiotherapy showed a statistically significant survival advantage over no anticancer treatment (P = 0.004 and P = 0.002, respectively), while chemotherapy did not. Compared with no adjuvant treatment, neither postoperative chemoradiotherapy nor chemotherapy made significant difference for patients in the high–risk group. Combining the value of immune–risk status and chemosensitivity, the immune–risk score could not only offer us prognostic evaluation and adjuvant treatment guidance, but also improve our understanding about the binding point between chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and the immune system, which may be helpful for further expanding the application of immunotherapy.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2077chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapygastric cancerimmune cell infiltrationimmune–related genesimmune–risk statusmolecular prediction modeloai:doaj.org/article:e38d40999951432e94d1e8844dc31f542024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852414242810.1002/cam4.2114Protein arginine methyltransferase 5: A novel therapeutic target for triple‐negative breast cancersMathilde Vinet0Samyuktha Suresh1Virginie Maire2Clarisse Monchecourt3Fariba Némati4Laetitia Lesage5Fabienne Pierre6Mengliang Ye7Auriane Lescure8Amélie Brisson9Didier Meseure10André Nicolas11Guillem Rigaill12Elisabetta Marangoni13Elaine Del Nery14Sergio Roman‐Roman15Thierry Dubois16Translational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FrancePlatform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology Institut Curie Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FrancePlatform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology Institut Curie Paris FrancePlatform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology Institut Curie Paris FranceInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris‐Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213, UMR1403, CNRS, INRA Université Paris‐Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris‐Diderot, Sorbonne, Paris‐Cité Orsay FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceTranslational Research Department Institut Curie, PSL Research University Paris FranceAbstract TNBC is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer subtype associated with high relapse rates, and for which no targeted therapy yet exists. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme which catalyzes the methylation of arginines on histone and non‐histone proteins, has recently emerged as a putative target for cancer therapy. Potent and specific PRMT5 inhibitors have been developed, but the therapeutic efficacy of PRMT5 targeting in TNBC has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we examine the expression of PRMT5 in a human breast cancer cohort obtained from the Institut Curie, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 in TNBC. We find that PRMT5 mRNA and protein are expressed at comparable levels in TNBC, luminal breast tumors, and healthy mammary tissues. However, immunohistochemistry analyses reveal that PRMT5 is differentially localized in TNBC compared to other breast cancer subtypes and to normal breast tissues. PRMT5 is heterogeneously expressed in TNBC and high PRMT5 expression correlates with poor prognosis within this breast cancer subtype. Using the small‐molecule inhibitor EPZ015666, we show that PRMT5 inhibition impairs cell proliferation in a subset of TNBC cell lines. PRMT5 inhibition triggers apoptosis, regulates cell cycle progression and decreases mammosphere formation. Furthermore, EPZ015666 administration to a patient‐derived xenograft model of TNBC significantly deters tumor progression. Finally, we reveal potentiation between EGFR and PRMT5 targeting, suggestive of a beneficial combination therapy. Our findings highlight a distinctive subcellular localization of PRMT5 in TNBC, and uphold PRMT5 targeting, alone or in combination, as a relevant treatment strategy for a subset of TNBC.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2114breast cancermolecular biologytargeted therapytranslational researchoai:doaj.org/article:e1138d0ca72749ca892bbfadf33429402024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852503251310.1002/cam4.1996Evaluation of vitamin D biosynthesis and pathway target genes reveals UGT2A1/2 and EGFR polymorphisms associated with epithelial ovarian cancer in African American WomenDelores J. Grant0Ani Manichaikul1Anthony J. Alberg2Elisa V. Bandera3Jill Barnholtz‐Sloan4Melissa Bondy5Michele L. Cote6Ellen Funkhouser7Patricia G. Moorman8Lauren C. Peres9Edward S. Peters10Ann G. Schwartz11Paul D. Terry12Xin‐Qun Wang13Temitope O. Keku14Cathrine Hoyo15Andrew Berchuck16Dale P. Sandler17Jack A. Taylor18Katie M. O’Brien19Digna R. Velez Edwards20Todd L. Edwards21Alicia Beeghly‐Fadiel22Nicolas Wentzensen23Celeste Leigh Pearce24Anna H. Wu25Alice S. Whittemore26Valerie McGuire27Weiva Sieh28Joseph H. Rothstein29Francesmary Modugno30Roberta Ness31Kirsten Moysich32Mary Anne Rossing33Jennifer A. Doherty34Thomas A. Sellers35Jennifer B. Permuth‐Way36Alvaro N. Monteiro37Douglas A. Levine38Veronica Wendy Setiawan39Christopher A. Haiman40Loic LeMarchand41Lynne R. Wilkens42Beth Y. Karlan43Usha Menon44Susan Ramus45Simon Gayther46Aleksandra Gentry‐Maharaj47Kathryn L. Terry48Daniel W. Cramer49Ellen L. Goode50Melissa C. Larson51Scott H. Kaufmann52Rikki Cannioto53Kunle Odunsi54John L. Etter55Ruea‐Yea Huang56Marcus Q. Bernardini57Alicia A. Tone58Taymaa May59Marc T. Goodman60Pamela J. Thompson61Michael E. Carney62Shelley S. Tworoger63Elizabeth M. Poole64Diether Lambrechts65Ignace Vergote66Adriaan Vanderstichele67Els Van Nieuwenhuysen68Hoda Anton‐Culver69Argyrios Ziogas70James D. Brenton71Line Bjorge72Helga B. Salvensen73Lambertus A. Kiemeney74Leon F. A. G. Massuger75Tanja Pejovic76Amanda Bruegl77Melissa Moffitt78Linda Cook79Nhu D. Le80Angela Brooks‐Wilson81Linda E. Kelemen82Paul D.P. Pharoah83Honglin Song84Ian Campbell85Diana Eccles86Anna DeFazio87Catherine J. Kennedy88Joellen M. Schildkraut89Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Program JLC‐Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University Durham North CarolinaCenter for Public Health Genomics University of Virginia Charlottesville VirginiaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia South CarolinaDepartment of Population Science Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey New Brunswick New JerseyCase Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OhioCancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program Baylor College of Medicine Houston TexasDepartment of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MichiganDivision of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AlabamaDepartment of Community and Family Medicine Duke University Medical Center Durham North CarolinaCenter for Public Health Genomics University of Virginia Charlottesville VirginiaEpidemiology Program Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health New Orleans LouisisanaDepartment of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MichiganDepartment of Medicine University of Tennessee Medical Center – Knoxville Knoxville TennesseeDepartment of Public Health Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville VirginiaDepartments of Medicine and Nutrition, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North CarolinaDepartment of Biological Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh North CarolinaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Duke University Medical Center Durham North CarolinaEpidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park North CarolinaEpidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park North CarolinaEpidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park North CarolinaVanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TennesseeDivision of Epidemiology, Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TennesseeDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TennesseeDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Bethesda MarylandDepartment of Epidemiology University of Michigan School of Public Health Ann Arbor MichiganDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles CaliforniaDepartment of Health Research and Policy Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CaliforniaDepartment of Health Research and Policy Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CaliforniaDepartment of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New YorkDepartment of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New YorkDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PennsylvaniaThe University of Texas School of Public Health Houston TexasDepartment of Cancer Prevention and Control Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkProgram in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WashingtonDepartment of Population Health Sciences Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UtahDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FloridaDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FloridaDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FloridaGynecology Service, Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New YorkUniversity of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles CaliforniaUniversity of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles CaliforniaUniversity of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HawaiiCancer Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center HawaiiWomen's Cancer Program Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CaliforniaMRC CTU at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology University College London London UKSchool of Women's and Children's Health University of New South Wales New South Wales AustraliaCenter for Cancer Prevention and Translational Genomics Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CaliforniaMRC CTU at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology University College London London UKObstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MassachusettsObstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MassachusettsDepartment of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology Mayo Clinic Rochester MinnesotaDepartment of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MinnesotaDepartments of Medicine and Pharmacology Mayo Clinic Rochester MinnesotaCancer Pathology & Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Gynecological Oncology Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Cancer Prevention and Control Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkCenter For Immunotherapy Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDivision of Gynecologic Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network Toronto Ontario CanadaDivision of Gynecologic Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network Toronto Ontario CanadaDivision of Gynecologic Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network Toronto Ontario CanadaCancer Prevention and Control Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CaliforniaCancer Prevention and Control Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CaliforniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii Honolulu HawaiiChanning Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MassachusettsBiostatistics, Sanofi Genzyme Boston MassachusettsVesalius Research Center, VIB Leuven BelgiumDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven Leuven BelgiumDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven Leuven BelgiumDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute University Hospitals Leuven Leuven BelgiumDepartment of Epidemiology, Director of Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, Center for Cancer Genetics Research & Prevention, School of Medicine University of California Irvine Irvine CaliforniaDepartment of Epidemiology University of California Irvine Irvine CaliforniaCancer Research UK Cambridge Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge UKDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen NorwayDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen NorwayRadboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences Nijmegen NetherlandsDepartment of Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Molecular Life sciences Nijmegen The NetherlandsDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OregonDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OregonDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OregonDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque New MexicoCancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver British Columbia CanadaCanada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver British Columbia CanadaHollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South CarolinaStrangeways Research laboratory, Department of Oncology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UKStrangeways Research Laboratory, Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Cambridge UKCancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Victoria AustraliaFaculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton UKCentre for Cancer Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales AustraliaCentre for Cancer Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales AustraliaDepartment of Public Health Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville VirginiaAbstract An association between genetic variants in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) was previously reported in women of African ancestry (AA). We sought to examine associations between genetic variants in VDR and additional genes from vitamin D biosynthesis and pathway targets (EGFR, UGT1A, UGT2A1/2, UGT2B, CYP3A4/5, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, CYP11A1, and GC). Genotyping was performed using the custom‐designed 533,631 SNP Illumina OncoArray with imputation to the 1,000 Genomes Phase 3 v5 reference set in 755 EOC cases, including 537 high‐grade serous (HGSOC), and 1,235 controls. All subjects are of African ancestry (AA). Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We further evaluated statistical significance of selected SNPs using the Bayesian False Discovery Probability (BFDP). A significant association with EOC was identified in the UGT2A1/2 region for the SNP rs10017134 (per allele OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2‐1.7, P = 1.2 × 10−6, BFDP = 0.02); and an association with HGSOC was identified in the EGFR region for the SNP rs114972508 (per allele OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.6‐3.4, P = 1.6 × 10−5, BFDP = 0.29) and in the UGT2A1/2 region again for rs1017134 (per allele OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2‐1.7, P = 2.3 × 10−5, BFDP = 0.23). Genetic variants in the EGFR and UGT2A1/2 may increase susceptibility of EOC in AA women. Future studies to validate these findings are warranted. Alterations in EGFR and UGT2A1/2 could perturb enzyme efficacy, proliferation in ovaries, impact and mark susceptibility to EOC.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1996African ancestry riskgenetic associationovarian cancervitamin D pathwayoai:doaj.org/article:db231984acf6440cbde10edd47e769372024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852587259810.1002/cam4.2127Delineating the pattern of treatment for elderly locally advanced NSCLC and predicting outcomes by a validated model: A SEER based analysisMeiying Guo0Butuo Li1Yishan Yu2Shijiang Wang3Yiyue Xu4Xindong Sun5Linlin Wang6Jinming Yu7School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan ChinaSchool of Medicine Shandong University Jinan ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan ChinaAbstract Introduction Locally advanced nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (LA‐NSCLC) represented a highly heterogeneous group, with more than half of the patients aged ≥65 years at the time of diagnosis. However, the optimal treatment for elderly LA‐NSCLC patients was still not defined. Methods A total of 33530 elderly patients (≥65 years) diagnosed with LA‐NSCLC from 2004 to 2014 were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Results Locally advanced nonsmall‐cell lung cancer patients aged 65‐74 years were more frequently treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (40%), while patients aged ≥75 years received more best supportive care (BSC) (36%). For age group of 65‐74 years, patients who had surgery with or without (neo)adjuvant therapy had a median survival of 28 months, CRT 15 months, radiotherapy (RT) alone 6 months, chemotherapy alone 11 months, and BSC 3 months; while for patients aged ≥ 75 years, the median OS was 20, 13, 7, 9, and 2, respectively. Besides, independent clinicopathological factors were integrated into nomograms for OS and CSS prediction, C‐indexes achieved 0.692 and 0.698, respectively. Importantly, the discrimination of nomogram was superior to that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification (0.742 vs 0.572 for training set and 0.731 vs 0.565 for validation set). Conclusion For elderly patients with LA‐NSCLC, the curative‐intent treatment (surgery or CRT) conferred better survival compared to chemotherapy alone, RT alone and BSC. The proposed nomograms based on independent clinicopathological variables may be practical and helpful for precise evaluation of patient prognosis, and guiding the individualized treatment for elderly LA‐NSCLC.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2127CSSGeriatricLocally advanced nonsmall‐cell lung cancernomogramOSSEERoai:doaj.org/article:da2869cea09247beb4d185946867fc532024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852233224010.1002/cam4.2134Major hemorrhage in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients in the US Veterans Health Administration system in the pre‐ibrutinib era: Incidence and risk factorsPeter Georgantopoulos0Huiying Yang1LeAnn B. Norris2Charles L. Bennett3William Jennings Bryan Dorn Veterans Affairs Medical Center Columbia South CarolinaPharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company Sunnyvale CaliforniaSouthern Network on Adverse Reactions (SONAR), South Carolina Center of Economic Excellence for Medication Safety, College of Pharmacy University of South Carolina Columbia South CarolinaWilliam Jennings Bryan Dorn Veterans Affairs Medical Center Columbia South CarolinaAbstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients are at increased risk for major hemorrhage (MH). We examined incidence of and risk factors for MH in CLL patients before introduction of newer CLL therapies such as ibrutinib, which includes bleeding risk. This study included 24 198 CLL patients treated in the VA system before FDA approval of ibrutinib as CLL therapy. Data came from VA databases from 1999 to 2013. MH incidence was 1.9/100 person‐years (95% CI: 1.8‐1.9), with cumulative incidences of 2.3%, 5.2%, and 7.3% by year 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Median time from CLL diagnosis to MH was 2.8 years (range: 0‐15.7 years). In multivariate analyses, concurrent anticoagulant and antiplatelet use (HR: 4.2; 95% CI: 3.2‐5.6), anticoagulant use only (HR: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3‐3.1), and antiplatelet use only (HR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.3‐1.7) increased MH risk vs not receiving those medications; being nonwhite, male, having MH history, renal impairment, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and alcohol abuse were associated with increased MH risk. These pre‐ibrutinib data are important for providing context for interpreting MH risk in ibrutinib‐treated patients. As ibrutinib clinical use is increasing, updated analyses of MH risk among ibrutinib‐treated VA patients with CLL may provide additional useful insight.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2134chronic lymphocytic leukemiahemorrhageibrutiniboai:doaj.org/article:d7eb8b769d1f43a1a753c0b4efc132a52024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852313232410.1002/cam4.2067Polymorphism rs2395655 affects LEDGF/p75 binding activity and p21WAF1/CIP1 gene expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinomaRong Guo0Yunan Ma1Min Zhao2Wenlong Zhang3Guo An4Baojun Chen5Yiping Song6Hui Xu7Yong Li8Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Pathology Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Laboratory Animal Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing ChinaAbstract p21WAF1/CIP1 (p21) plays critical roles in cell‐cycle regulation and DNA repair and is transcriptionally regulated through p53‐dependent or ‐independent pathways. Bioinformatic analysis predicated one stress‐response element (STRE) implicated in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2395655 of the p21 promoter. Here, we investigated the transcriptional regulatory function of rs2395655 variant genotype and analyzed its associations with the p21 expression and clinical outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Luciferase assay results showed significantly increased transcriptional activity of the rs2395655 G allele‐containing p21 promoter compared with rs2395655 A allele‐containing counterpart, especially in ESCC cells with ectopic LEDGF/p75 expression. Furthermore electrophoretic mobility shift assay using the rs2395655 G or A allele‐containing probe and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay with specific anti‐LEDGF/p75 antibody indicated the potential binding activity of LEDGF/p75 with the STRE element implicated in rs2395655 G allele of the p21 promoter. Subsequent specific RNA interference‐mediated depletion or ectopic expression of LEDGF/p75 caused obviously down‐ or up‐regulated expression of p21 mRNA in ESCC cells harboring rs2395655 GG genotype but not cells with rs2395655 AA genotype. Furthermore, rs2395655 GG genotype carriers showed significantly elevated p21 protein expression and conferred survival advantage in both univariate and multivariate analyses in total 218 ESCC patients. Our findings suggest that LEDGF/p75 regulates the p21 expression in ESCC cells through interacting with STRE element implicated in polymorphism rs2395655 and the elevated p21 protein expression and rs2395655 GG genotype may serve as positive prognostic factors for ESCC patients.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2067esophageal squamous cell carcinomalens epithelium‐derived growth factorp21WAF1/CIP1prognostic factorsingle‐nucleotide polymorphismoai:doaj.org/article:d7651a3bd8a04a4da22c0e407dd28f272024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852686270210.1002/cam4.2106Determinants of quality prostate cancer survivorship care across the primary and specialty care interface: Lessons from the Veterans Health AdministrationArchana Radhakrishnan0Jennifer Henry1Kevin Zhu2Sarah T. Hawley3Brent K. Hollenbeck4Timothy Hofer5Daniela A. Wittmann6Anne E. Sales7Ted A. Skolarus8Division of General Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MichiganVA Health Service Research & Development Center for Clinical Management Research Ann Arbor MichiganVA Health Service Research & Development Center for Clinical Management Research Ann Arbor MichiganDivision of General Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MichiganDivision of Oncology Department of Urology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MichiganDivision of General Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MichiganDivision of Oncology Department of Urology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MichiganVA Health Service Research & Development Center for Clinical Management Research Ann Arbor MichiganVA Health Service Research & Development Center for Clinical Management Research Ann Arbor MichiganAbstract Background With over 3 million US prostate cancer survivors, ensuring high‐quality, coordinated cancer survivorship care is important. However, implementation of recommended team‐based cancer care has lagged, and determinants of quality care across primary and specialty care remain unclear. Guided by the theoretical domains framework (TDF), we explored multidisciplinary determinants of quality survivorship care in an integrated delivery system. Methods We conducted semistructured interviews with primary (4) and specialty (7) care providers across 6 Veterans Health Administration clinic sites. Using template analysis, we coded interview transcripts into the TDF, mapping statements to specific constructs within each domain. We assessed whether each construct was perceived a barrier or facilitator, examining results for both primary care providers (PCPs) and prostate cancer specialists. Results Cancer specialists and PCPs identified 2 primary TDF domains impacting their prostate cancer survivorship care: Knowledge and Environmental context and resources. Both groups noted knowledge (about survivorship care) and procedural knowledge (about how to deliver survivorship care) as positive determinants or facilitators, whereas resources/material resources (to deliver survivorship care) was noted as a negative determinant or barrier to care. Additional domains more commonly referenced by cancer specialists included Social/professional role and identity and Goals, while PCPs reported the domain Beliefs about capabilities as relevant. Conclusions We used the TDF to identify several behavioral domains acting as determinants of high‐quality, team‐based prostate cancer survivorship care. These results can inform prostate cancer survivorship care plan content, and may guide tailored, multidisciplinary implementation strategies to improve survivorship care across the primary and specialty care interface.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2106behavior changecancer specialistsimplementation scienceprimary carequalitysurvivorshipoai:doaj.org/article:cc205fa0be2b4734a16b1e9208cc81fd2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852288230210.1002/cam4.2063Pard3 suppresses glioma invasion by regulating RhoA through atypical protein kinase C/NF‐κB signalingJunjun Li0Hao Xu1Qiangping Wang2Peng Fu3Tao Huang4Omarkhalil Anas5Hongyang Zhao6Nanxiang Xiong7Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaSection of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaAbstract Partitioning defective protein 3 (Pard3) has been reported to inhibit the progression of numerous human cancer cell types. However, the role of Pard3 in glioma progression remains unclear. In this study, the expression of Pard3 was measured in human gliomas of different grades by both quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The effect of Pard3 on glioma progression was tested using cell counting kit‐8 assays, EdU assays, colony formation assays, cell migration, and invasion assays and tumor xenografts. The effect of Pard3 on Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) protein levels, subcellular localization, and transcriptional activity was measured by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Our results indicate that Pard3 functions as a tumor suppressor in gliomas and that the loss of Pard3 protein is strongly associated with a higher grade and poorer outcome. Pard3 overexpression inhibits glioma progression by upregulating RhoA protein levels. However, the level of GTP‐RhoA protein remained unchanged. Further evidence demonstrates that Pard3 regulates RhoA protein levels, subcellular localization and transcriptional activity by activating atypical protein kinase C/NF‐κB signaling. Mouse modeling experiments show that Pard3 overexpression inhibits glioma cell growth in vivo. Taken together, these findings identify RhoA as a novel target of Pard3 in gliomas and substantiate a novel regulatory role for Pard3 in glioma progression. This study reveals that Pard3 plays an inhibitory role in gliomas by regulating RhoA, which reveals a potential benefit for Pard3 activators in the prevention and therapy of gliomas.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2063gliomasinvasionPard3RhoAtumor recurrenceoai:doaj.org/article:bf77f88af5514b04b5c490d6d6e2b8a52024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852664267410.1002/cam4.2104Risk of immune‐related pneumonitis for PD1/PD‐L1 inhibitors: Systematic review and network meta‐analysisYafang Huang0Haiyu Fan1Ning Li2Juan Du3School of General Practice and Continuing Education Capital Medical University Beijing ChinaCenter of Stroke Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical University Beijing ChinaDepartment of Library Capital Medical University Beijing ChinaSchool of General Practice and Continuing Education Capital Medical University Beijing ChinaAbstract Background Immune‐related pneumonitis is a clinically relevant and potentially life‐threatening adverse event. We performed a systematic review and network meta‐analysis to compare the risk of immune‐related pneumonitis among different PD1/PD‐L1 inhibitor‐related therapeutic regimens. Methods Randomized controlled trials with PD1/PD‐L1 inhibitors were identified through comprehensive searches of multiple databases. Both published and unpublished data were extracted. Bayesian NMA was performed using random‐effects models. All‐grade (Grade 1‐5) and high‐grade (Grade 3‐5) immune‐related pneumonitis were estimated using odds ratios (ORs). Results A total of 25 studies involving 16 005 patients were included. Compared with chemotherapy, the ORs of immune‐related all‐grade and high‐grade pneumonitis were significant for nivolumab (all‐grade: OR = 6.29, 95% CrI: 2.67‐16.75; high‐grade: OR = 5.95, 95% CrI: 2.35‐17.29), pembrolizumab (all‐grade: OR = 5.78, 95% CrI: 2.79‐13.24; high‐grade: OR = 5.33, 95% CrI: 2.49‐12.97), and nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy (all‐grade: OR = 14.82, 95% CrI: 5.48‐47.97; high‐grade: OR = 15.26, 95% CrI: 5.05‐55.52). Compared with nivolumab, nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy was associated with an increased risk of all‐grade pneumonitis (OR = 2.34, 95% CrI: 1.07‐5.77). Nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy had the highest risk of both all‐grade and high‐grade pneumonitis among PD1/PD‐L1 inhibitor‐related therapeutic regimens. Conclusions This study demonstrates that compared with chemotherapy, PD‐1 inhibitor may result in a higher risk of immune‐related pneumonitis. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy had the highest pneumonitis risk. These findings could be taken into account by the physicians in decision making.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2104immune‐related pneumonitisnetwork meta‐analysisPD1 inhibitorPD‐L1 inhibitorsystematic reviewoai:doaj.org/article:b0482fd423cc4bd9a7606ce67aa47c202024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852580258610.1002/cam4.2085Travel burden associated with rare cancers: The example of Merkel cell carcinomaRahul Jain0Joseph Menzin1Kristina Lachance2Patrick McBee3Hemant Phatak4Paul T. Nghiem5Boston Health Economics BHE Boston MassachusettsBoston Health Economics BHE Boston MassachusettsDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WashingtonBoston Health Economics BHE Boston MassachusettsEMD Serono, Inc. Rockland MassachusettsDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WashingtonAbstract Background There are limited data on the travel burden for cancer patients with rare tumor types, such as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Objective The objective of this study was to understand the travel burden of MCC patients. Methods This study used data from an MCC registry at the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA). All MCC patients enrolled at SCCA with a valid 3‐digit ZIP code were included. Patients were followed up from January 1, 2012 until their last follow‐up, death, or end of data (January 1, 2017). Travel burden was measured by one‐way travel distance to SCCA from each patient's 3‐digit ZIP code. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and follow‐up visit were evaluated and stratified by one‐way driving distance of ≤300 and >300 miles. Results A total of 391 MCC patients were included (68% men, mean age = 67 years [±SD = ±11 years], 67% residing in the West, and 70% white). At diagnosis, 53% of the patients had Stage III or IV MCC. Mean one‐way distance traveled by patients was 1,137 (median: 813) miles, and 57% of patients traveled >300 miles. Compared to patients who traveled ≤300 miles, those who traveled >300 miles were more likely to be <70 years old (46% vs 65%; P < 0.001), were diagnosed with advanced stage (III or IV) MCC (46% vs 59%; P = 0.01), had shorter follow‐up in the cancer registry (mean: 509 vs 212 days; P < 0.001), and had fewer visits during follow‐up (mean: 5.2 vs 2.5; P < 0.001). Conclusions In this single cancer center study, the majority of MCC patients trav‐eled long distances to receive expert care. Longer travel distances appeared to be associated with younger age, a more advanced stage of cancer at study entry and fewer in‐clinic visits, suggesting that travel burden may impact timely and adequate patient care for this rare cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2085cancer managementclinical observationsoai:doaj.org/article:a5c6d707437e453e9daae606683097262024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852205221210.1002/cam4.2128Prospective validation of the prognostic 31‐gene expression profiling test in primary cutaneous melanomaJennifer Keller0Theresa L. Schwartz1Jason M. Lizalek2Ea‐sle Chang3Ashaki D. Patel4Maria Y. Hurley5Eddy C. Hsueh6Department of Surgery Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Surgery Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Surgery Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Surgery Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Surgery Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Dermatology Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Surgery Saint Louis University St. Louis MissouriAbstract Background Gene expression profiling (GEP) has been integrated into cancer treatment decision‐making in multiple neoplasms. We prospectively evaluated the prognostic utility of the 31‐GEP test (DecisionDx‐Melanoma, Castle Biosciences, Inc) in cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients undergoing sentinel node biopsy (SNB). Methods One hundred fifty‐nine patients (age 26‐88) diagnosed with melanoma between 01/2013 and 8/2015 underwent SNB and concurrent GEP testing. GEP results were reported as low‐risk Class 1 (subclasses 1A and 1B) or high‐risk Class 2 (subclasses 2A and 2B). Statistical analyses were performed with chi‐square analysis, t tests, log‐rank tests, and Cox proportional hazard models. Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) were estimated using Kaplan‐Meier method. Results Median follow‐up was 44.9 months for event‐free cases. Median Breslow thickness was 1.4 mm (0.2‐15.0 mm). There were 117 Class 1 and 42 Class 2 patients. Gender, age, Breslow thickness, ulceration, SNB positivity, and AJCC stage were significantly associated with GEP classification (P < 0.05 for all). Recurrence and distant metastasis rates were 5% and 1% for Class 1 patients compared with 55% and 36% for Class 2 patients. Sensitivities of Class 2 and SNB for recurrence were 79% and 34%, respectively. Of 10 SNB‐positive/Class 2 patients, 9 recurred. By multivariate analysis, only SNB result and GEP class were statistically associated with both RFS (P = 0.008 and 0.0001) and DMFS (P = 0.019 and 0.001). Conclusions Gene expression profiling Class 2 result and SNB positivity were independently associated with recurrence and distant metastasis in primary CM patients. GEP testing may have additive prognostic utility in initial staging work‐up of these patients.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2128cutaneous melanomagene expression profileprognosisoai:doaj.org/article:a4d202573c104c3c84b997ea86a2306f2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852223223210.1002/cam4.2133Association of sociodemographic and oncological features with decision on implant‐based versus autologous immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction in Chinese patientsZhuming Yin0Yan Wang1Jingyan Sun2Qingfeng Huang3Jing Liu4Shanshan He5Chunyong Han6Shu Wang7Bowen Ding8Jian Yin9Department of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaDepartment of Breast Oncoplastic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin ChinaAbstract Background and objectives Immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction (IPBR) has gained wide popularity in China. We sought to clarify the prevalence and predictors of implant‐based vs autologous IPBR among Chinese patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed using a prospectively maintained database. Women who underwent IPBR during 2001‐2017 were included. The modality‐specific trends were deciphered by curve fitting analysis. The association of sociodemographic and oncological features with the decision for implant‐based vs autologous IPBR was investigated using multivariate logistic regression and structural equation modeling. Results Among 905 patients included in the study, 479 underwent implant‐based IPBR and 426 underwent autologous procedures. The implant/autologous ratio has increased exponentially over time. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that unmarried patients with BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2, earlier clinical tumor stage, and preoperative pathological diagnosis of noninvasive lesion are more likely to choose implant‐based IPBR compared to autologous procedures. The indirect effects of age, mastectomy type, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were further demonstrated by the structural equations. Conclusions The sociodemographic and oncological features are directly or indirectly associated with the decision on type of IPBR. The findings may facilitate both patients and physicians to make a high‐quality decision by holistic evaluation of the sociodemographic and oncological features.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2133breast cancerdecision‐makingimmediate breast reconstructiononcological featuressociodemographic characteristicsoai:doaj.org/article:a1d7fa00aadc4141842df6d1749283992024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852241225110.1002/cam4.2125Treatment of false‐negative metastatic lymph nodes by a lymphatic drug delivery system with 5‐fluorouracilHonoka Fujii0Sachiko Horie1Ariunbuyan Sukhbaatar2Radhika Mishra3Maya Sakamoto4Shiro Mori5Tetsuya Kodama6Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanLaboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanLaboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanLaboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanDepartment of Oral Diagnosis Tohoku University Hospital Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanLaboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanLaboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai Miyagi JapanAbstract Metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) may be the origin of systemic metastases. It will be important to develop a strategy that prevents systemic metastasis by treating these LNs at an early stage. False‐negative metastatic LNs, which are found during the early stage of metastasis development, are those that contain tumor cells but have a size and shape similar to LNs that do not host tumor cells. Here, we show that 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), delivered by means of a novel lymphatic drug delivery system (LDDS), can treat LNs with false‐negative metastases in a mouse model. The effects of 5‐FU on four cell lines were investigated using in vitro cytotoxicity and cell survival assays. The therapeutic effects of LDDS‐administered 5‐FU on false‐negative metastatic LNs were evaluated using bioluminescence imaging, high‐frequency ultrasound (US), and histology in MHX10/Mo‐lpr/lpr mice. These experimental animals develop LNs that are similar in size to human LNs. We found that all cell lines showed sensitivity to 5‐FU in the in vitro assays. Furthermore, a concentration‐dependent effect of 5‐FU to inhibit tumor growth was observed in tumor cells with low invasive growth characteristics, although a significant reduction in metastatic LN volume was not detected in MHX10/Mo‐lpr/lpr mice. Adverse effects of 5‐FU were not detected. 5‐Fluorouracil administration with a LDDS is an effective treatment method for false‐negative metastatic LNs. We anticipate that the delivery of anticancer drugs by a LDDS will be of great benefit in the prevention and treatment of cancer metastasis via LNs.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2125false‐negativefluorouracil (5‐FU)lymph nodelymphatic drug delivery systemmetastasismouseoai:doaj.org/article:9d2e55786b574356927e4e6f0323d8662024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852325233710.1002/cam4.2070TLR4 increases the stemness and is highly expressed in relapsed human hepatocellular carcinomaShuang Zhou0Renle Du1Zhenglu Wang2Wenzhi Shen3Ruifang Gao4Shan Jiang5Yan Fang6Yuzhi Shi7Antao Chang8Lei Liu9Chenghu Liu10Na Li11Rong Xiang12School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaBiobank of Tianjin First Center Hospital Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaBiobank of Tianjin First Center Hospital Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaSchool of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin ChinaAbstract Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an essential role in cancer progress. Here, we find that the expression of TLR4 in relapsed human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) clinical samples is higher than that in the non‐relapsed ones, which leads us to explore the role of TLR4 in cancer stemness. We reported that TLR4‐AKT signaling pathway was activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in HCC cell lines to enhance the cancer stemness capacity, which was reflected by the increased percentage of CD133+CD49f+ population and side population, enhanced sphere formation, and the upregulation of stemness marker gene‐SOX2. Downregulation of SOX2 attenuated the enhanced HCC stemness induced by LPS, indicating SOX2 as a downstream mediator of LPS‐TLR4 signaling. The role of LPS‐TLR4 signaling in inducing HCC stemness was further confirmed by tumor xenograft experiment in vivo. Taken together, our findings provide a novel therapeutic target to prevent the recurrence of HCC.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2070cancer stemnesshepatocellular carcinomaLPSSOX2TLR4oai:doaj.org/article:936ef9139aa84bb2840ca692f4738dc52024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852213222210.1002/cam4.2131The development and external validation of simplified T category classification for nasopharyngeal carcinoma to improve the prognostic value in the intensity‐modulated radiotherapy eraLing‐Long Tang0Shao‐Bo Liang1Cheng‐Long Huang2Fan Zhang3Cheng Xu4Yan‐Ping Mao5Li Tian6Ai‐Hua Lin7Li Li8Ying Sun9Jun Ma10Department of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaImaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology School of Public Health, SunYat‐sen University Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation oncology Cancer Center, First People’s Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat‐sen University Foshan People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Guangzhou People’s Republic of ChinaAbstract Background Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) provides excellent local control in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We investigated whether simplifying 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system T categories improves prognostic value. Methods We used 2191 NPC patients as a training set and 414 patients separately as an independent, external validation cohort. Results In the training set, local relapse‐free survival (LRFS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different between the 8th edition T2/T3 (P = 0.610, 0.380 and 0.353, respectively). Merging T2 and T3 to proposed T2 (proT2) provided significant differences in LRFS, DFS, and OS between proposed T categories. Proposed T categories had similar c‐indices for LRFS, DFS, and OS (vs the 8th edition), which was validated in the external cohorts. Moreover, for DFS, the adjusted HRs of the proT2N0 (3.8), proT1N1 (3.8), and proT2N1 (6.0) subsets were similar; the adjusted HRs of the proT3N0 (7.0), proT3N1 (11.4), proT1N2 (11.0), proT2N2 (11.6), and proT3N2 (13.3) subsets were similar; the adjusted HRs of the proT1N3 (17.8), proT2N3 (15.3), and proT3N3 (26.4) subsets were similar; the results of the adjusted HRs for OS had the same rule. Defining proT1N0 as stage I; proT1N1/proT2N0‐1 as stage II; proT3N0‐2/proT1‐2N2 as stage III; and proT1‐3N3 as stage IVa generated orderly, significant differences in DFS and OS between stages in the training set and external validation cohort. Conclusions In the IMRT era, three T categories are more reasonable (merging T2/T3 into T2) and proT3N0‐2 (the 8th edition T4N0‐2) should be down‐staged to stage III.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2131external validationintensity‐modulated radiotherapynasopharyngeal carcinomaprognosisT category classificationoai:doaj.org/article:91fa34660aff4c5ab1f7d673ceca58a32024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852484249510.1002/cam4.1809Long non‐coding RNA PCAT6 targets miR‐204 to modulate the chemoresistance of colorectal cancer cells to 5‐fluorouracil‐based treatment through HMGA2 signalingHaijun Wu0Qiongyan Zou1Hong He2Yu Liang3Mingjun Lei4Qin Zhou5Dan Fan6Liangfang Shen7Department of Oncology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Breast and Thyroid The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Medical Records Information The First Hospital of Changsha Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha ChinaAbstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still the third most common cancer in the world with a limited prognosis due to the chemoresistance of CRC cells to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐based chemotherapy. In our previous study, we revealed that miR‐204 overexpression could sensitize CRC cell to 5‐FU treatment through targeting HMGA2/PI3K signaling pathway; however, miR‐204 expression in CRC tissues is abnormally downregulated. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) dysregulation has been reported in human diseases, including cancer. Also, lncRNA can regulate cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration, as well as chemoresistance. LncRNA prostate cancer‐associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) acts as an oncogene in many cancers; herein, PCAT6 expression was abnormally upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, suggesting its potential role in CRC. Further, we assessed the specific function and mechanism of PCAT6 in CRC. Furthermore, we revealed that PCAT6 knockdown attenuated CRC chemoresistance to 5‐FU through miR‐204/HMGA2/PI3K; miR‐204 inhibition could partially reverse the effect of PCAT6 knockdown. Taken together, we demonstrate that the abnormal PCAT6 overexpression inhibits miR‐204 expression in CRC, thereby promoting HMGA2/PI3K signaling activity, ultimately enhancing the chemoresistance of CRC cells to 5‐FU; PCAT6 represents a promising target for dealing with CRC chemoresistance.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.18095‐fluorouracilchemoresistancecolorectal cancerHMGA2lncRNA prostate cancer‐associated transcript 6miR‐204oai:doaj.org/article:8f22c4f314284bc5bd0edcfbaa0333172024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852599261110.1002/cam4.2088Genetic variants of SP‐D confer susceptibility to radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients undergoing thoracic radiation therapyLi Xu0Junhong Jiang1Yunming Li2Ling Zhang3Zhihui Li4Jing Xian5Chaoyang Jiang6Yong Diao7Xiaomei Su8Hongyu Xu9Yue Zhang10Tao Zhang11Zhenzhou Yang12Bangxian Tan13Hua Li14Cancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaDepartment of Statistics The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaCancer Center The Second affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing ChinaDepartment of Oncology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong ChinaCancer Center The General Hospital of Western Theater Command Chengdu ChinaAbstract Background Surfactant protein D (SP‐D) is an innate immunity molecule in the alveoli. However, the associations between genetic variants of SP‐D and radiation pneumonitis (RP) have never been investigated. Methods The Linkage disequilibrium of SP‐D and tagSNPs were analyzed by using Haploview 4.1. Eight tagSNPs were genotyped among 396 lung cancer patients who received thoracic radiation therapy with follow–up time (median [P25, P75]: 11[6, 18]) using improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR). The associations between clinical characteristics, tagSNP alleles, genotypes, haplotypes and onset time of grade ≥2 or ≥3 RP were evaluated by using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results Three tagSNPs of SP‐D (rs1998374, rs911887 and rs2255326) were significantly associated with grade ≥2 RP in multivariate analysis with multiple testing (Q test). The rs199874 had a protective effect for grade ≥2 RP in the dominant model (Hazard ratio (HR), 0.575; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.378‐0.875). The homozygous mutant genotype for rs911887 had risk effect for grade ≥2 RP (HR, 2.209; 95% CI, 1.251‐3.902). The A mutant allele of rs2255326 also showed an elevated risk for grade ≥2 RP (HR, 1.777; 95% CI, 1.283‐2.461) and this risk effect was still significant in the recessive genetic model (HR, 3.320; 95% CI, 1.659‐6.644) and dominant genetic model (HR, 1.773; 95% CI, 1.166‐2.696). Compared to the lung cancer patients bearing the most common haplotype C‐G‐T, the patients bearing the haplotype T‐A‐C (rs1998374‐rs2255326‐rs911887) showed a significant risk of both grade ≥2 RP (HR, 1.885; 95% CI, 1.284‐2.765) and grade ≥3 RP (HR, 2.256; 95% CI, 1.248‐4.080). Conclusions Genetic variants of SP‐D were associated with risk of RP development in lung cancer patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2088genetic polymorphismslung cancerradiation pneumonitisSP‐Dsusceptibility geneoai:doaj.org/article:87a1ba5d2a9c4359b42b7556e2d24db42024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852404241310.1002/cam4.2105LncRNA‐SNHG15 enhances cell proliferation in colorectal cancer by inhibiting miR‐338‐3pMin Li0Zehua Bian1Guoying Jin2Jia Zhang3Surui Yao4Yuyang Feng5Xue Wang6Yuan Yin7Bojian Fei8Qingjun You9Zhaohui Huang10Wuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaCancer Epigenetics Program Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaCancer Epigenetics Program Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaDepartment of Surgical Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaWuxi Cancer Institute Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu ChinaAbstract The incidence and death rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) is very high, which brings great need to understand the early molecular events of CRC. These studies demonstrate that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of human cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) was recently identified as a cancer‐related lncRNA. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the function and mechanism of SNHG15 in CRC. The expression of SNHG15 was detected by quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) in CRC tissues and matched noncancerous tissues (NCTs). CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometric analysis, and nude mouse xenograft mode were used to examine the tumor‐promoting function of SNHG15 in vitro and in vivo. The binding relationship between SNHG15, miR‐338‐3p and the target genes of miR‐338‐3p were screened and identified by databases, qRT‐PCR, dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot. Our results showed that SNHG15 was up‐regulated in CRC tissues compared with paired NCTs (P < 0.0001). High level of SNHG15 expression predicted poor prognosis of CRC (P = 0.0051). SNHG15 overexpression could promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. Animal experiments showed that up‐regulation of SNHG15 promoted tumor growth in vivo. The results of mechanism experiments showed that SNHG15 could bind to miR‐338‐3p and block its inhibition on the expression and activity of FOS or RAB14. In conclusion SNHG15 promotes cell proliferation through SNHG15/miR‐338‐3p/FOS‐RAB14 axis in CRC.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2105colorectal cancerFOSlong noncoding RNAmiR‐338‐3pRAB14small nucleolar RNA host gene 15oai:doaj.org/article:865dc58b661e4c619139655d110e05722024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852196220410.1002/cam4.2126Survival after radiotherapy versus radical cystectomy for primary muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: A Swedish nationwide population‐based cohort studyChristel Häggström0Hans Garmo1Xavier de Luna2Mieke Van Hemelrijck3Karin Söderkvist4Firas Aljabery5Viveka Ströck6Abolfazl Hosseini7Truls Gårdmark8Per‐Uno Malmström9Staffan Jahnson10Fredrik Liedberg11Lars Holmberg12Department of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala SwedenTranslational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London London UKDepartment of Statistics, USBE Umeå University Umeå SwedenTranslational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London London UKDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Umeå University Umeå SwedenDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Urology Linköping University Linköping SwedenDepartment of Urology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg SwedenDepartment of Urology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Clinical Sciences Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institute Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala SwedenDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Urology Linköping University Linköping SwedenDepartment of Urology Skåne University Hospital Malmö SwedenDepartment of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala SwedenAbstract Background Studies of survival comparing radical cystectomy (RC) and radiotherapy for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer have provided inconsistent results and have methodological limitations. The aim of the study was to investigate risk of death after radiotherapy as compared to RC. Methods We selected patients with muscle‐invasive urothelial carcinoma without distant metastases, treated with radiotherapy or RC from 1997 to 2014 in the Bladder Cancer Data Base Sweden (BladderBaSe) and estimated absolute and relative risk of bladder cancer death and all‐cause death. In a group of patients, theoretically eligible for a trial comparing radiotherapy and RC, we calculated risk difference in an instrumental variable analysis. We have not investigated chemoradiotherapy as this treatment was not used in the study time period. Results The study included 3 309 patients, of those 17% were treated with radiotherapy and 83% with RC. Patients treated with radiotherapy were older, had more advanced comorbidity, and had a higher risk of death as compared to patients treated with RC (relative risks of 1.5‐1.6). In the “trial population,” all‐cause death risk difference was 6 per 100 patients lower after radiotherapy at 5 years of follow‐up, 95% confidence interval −41 to 29. Conclusion(s) Patient selection between the treatments make it difficult to evaluate results from conventionally adjusted and propensity‐score matched survival analysis. When taking into account unmeasured confounding by instrumental variable analysis, no differences in survival was found between the treatments for a selected group of patients. Further clinical studies are needed to characterize this group of patients, which can serve as a basis for future comparison studies for treatment recommendations.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2126bladder cancermuscle‐invasiveradical cystectomyradiotherapyurothelial carcinomaoai:doaj.org/article:8564e74954ee44f0871ea2a639f95e722024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852561257110.1002/cam4.2083Smoking can increase nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk by repeatedly reactivating Epstein‐Barr Virus: An analysis of a prospective study in southern ChinaTing Hu0Chu‐Yang Lin1Shang‐Hang Xie2Geng‐Hang Chen3Yu‐Qiang Lu4Wei Ling5Qi‐Hong Huang6Qing Liu7Su‐Mei Cao8Department of Cancer Prevention State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Cancer Prevention State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Cancer Prevention State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Cancer Prevention State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of ChinaSihui Cancer Institute Sihui People's Republic of ChinaSihui Cancer Institute Sihui People's Republic of ChinaSihui Cancer Institute Sihui People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Cancer Prevention State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Cancer Prevention State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou People's Republic of ChinaAbstract Background The association between smoking and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to validate smoking effect on NPC and explore if smoking can induce NPC by persistently reactivating EBV in long‐term based on a prospective cohort design. Methods A NPC screening cohort with 10 181 eligible residents in Sihui city, southern China was conducted from 2008 to 2015. The smoking habit was investigated through the trained interviewers and EBV antibodies (VCA‐IgA, EBNA1‐IgA) as screening markers were tested periodically. New NPC cases were identified through local cancer registry. Cox's regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of smoking on NPC incidence. In the non‐NPC participants, the associations between smoking and EBV seropositivity in different periods were assessed by logistic regression and generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results With a median of 7.54 years, 71 NPCs were diagnosed ≥1 year after recruitment. Compared with never smokers, the aHRs of developing NPC among ever smokers were 3.00 (95%CI: 1.46‐6.16). Stratified by sex, the HRs of ever smoking were 2.59 (95%CI: 1.07‐6.23) for male and 3.75 (95%CI: 1.25‐11.20) for female, respectively. Among the non‐NPC individuals, ever smoking was not only associated with EBV seropositivity at baseline, but also in the 3‐5 years of follow up, with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 1.68 (95%CI: 1.29‐2.18) for VCA‐IgA and 1.92 (95%CI: 1.42‐2.59) for EBNA1‐IgA. Among the smokers who were tested EBV antibodies at least twice, the similar results were obtained using GEE. Conclusion Smoking could significantly increase the long‐term risk of NPC in southern China, partly by persistently reactivating EBV.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2083Epstein‐Barr Virusnasopharyngeal carcinomareactivationsmokingoai:doaj.org/article:84ef39481e3e45188fa8a897d233d9832024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852572257910.1002/cam4.2084Disparities in colorectal cancer screening in New York City: An analysis of the 2014 NYC Community Health SurveyNeelesh Rastogi0Yuhe Xia1John M. Inadomi2Simona C. Kwon3Chau Trinh‐Shevrin4Peter S. Liang5NYU Langone Health New York New YorkNYU Langone Health New York New YorkUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WashingtonNYU Langone Health New York New YorkNYU Langone Health New York New YorkNYU Langone Health New York New YorkAbstract Background & Aims Disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geography are well documented. We sought to further characterize the relationship between sociodemographic factors and up‐to‐date colonoscopy use in a diverse urban center using the 2014 New York City Community Health Survey (NYCCHS). Methods We examined overall colonoscopy uptake by race/ethnicity—with a particular interest in Asian and Hispanic subgroups—and used weighting to represent the entire 2014 NYC adult population. We also evaluated the association between 10 sociodemographic variables (age, sex, race/ethnicity, birthplace, home language, time living in the US, education, employment, income, and borough of residence) and colonoscopy use using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Results Up‐to‐date colonoscopy uptake was 69% overall with reported differences by racial/ethnic group, ranging from 44%‐45% for Mexicans and Asian Indians to 75% for Dominicans. In the multivariable regression model, colonoscopy use was associated with age greater than 65 years, Chinese language spoken at home, and not being in the labor force. Lower colonoscopy use was associated with living in the US for less than 5 years, Asian Indian language spoken at home, lower income, and residing outside of Manhattan. Conclusions Among New Yorkers older than age 50, up‐to‐date colonoscopy use varied significantly by race/ethnicity, especially in Asian and Hispanic subgroups. Recent immigrants, low‐income groups, and those living outside of Manhattan were significantly less likely to receive CRC screening. Targeted interventions to promote CRC screening in these underserved groups may improve overall screening uptake.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2084colorectal cancerdisparitiesNew York Cityrace/ethnicityscreeningoai:doaj.org/article:846feb811eea440cbb48b67bf4eade492024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852268227710.1002/cam4.1845Deciphering the scalene association among type‐2 diabetes mellitus, prostate cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia via enrichment analysis of disease‐gene networkQiong Liu0Yingying Zhang1Pengqian Wang2Jun Liu3Bing Li4Yanan Yu5Hongli Wu6Ruixia Kang7Xiaoxu Zhang8Zhong Wang9Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaDongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing ChinaInstitute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaInstitute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaEye Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaInstitute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing ChinaAbstract The potential biological relationship between type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been focused in numerous studies. To investigate the molecular associations among T2DM, prostate cancer (PCa), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), using a biomolecular network enrichment analysis. We obtained a list of disease‐related genes and constructed disease networks. Then, GO enrichment analysis was performed to identify the significant functions and pathways of overlapping modules in the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. More than 75% of these overlapping genes were found to be consistent with the findings of previous studies. In the three diseases, we found that Sarcoglycan delta (SGCD) and Rho family GTPase 3 (RND3) were the overlapping genes and identified negative regulation of apoptotic process and negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter RNA as the two overlapping biological functions. CML and PCa were the most closely related, with 34 overlapping genes, five overlapping modules, 27 overlapping biological functions, and nine overlapping pathways. There were 13 overlapping genes, one overlapping modules, four overlapping biological functions and one overlapping pathway (FoxO signaling pathway) were found in T2DM and CML.And T2DM and PCa were the least related pair in our study, with only six overlapping genes, five overlapping modules, and one overlapping biological function. SGCD and RND3 were the main gene‐to‐gene relationship among T2DM, CML, and PCa; apoptosis, development, and transcription from RNA polymerase II promote processes were the main functional connections among T2DM, CML, and PCa by network enrichment analysis. There is a “scalene” relationship among T2DM, CML, and PCa at gene, pathway, biological process, and module levels: CML and PCa were the most closely related, the second were T2DM and PCa, and T2DM and PCa were the least related pair in our study. Our study provides a new avenue for further studies on T2DM and cancers, which may promote the discovery and development of novel therapeutic and can be used to treat multiple diseases.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1845chronic myeloid leukemiaoverlapping gene and moduleprostate cancertherapeutic predictiontype 2 diabetes mellitusoai:doaj.org/article:76afbd1bc3394b4d9756b74be396f4672024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852372237910.1002/cam4.2081The genomic mutation spectrums of breast fibroadenomas in Chinese population by whole exome sequencing analysisShang‐Nao Xie0Yuan‐Jie Cai1Bo Ma2Yanting Xu3Peng Qian4Juan‐Di Zhou5Fu‐Guang Zhao6Jie Chen7Department of Breast Surgery Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDivision of Molecular Genetics Joingenome Diagnostics Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDepartment of Bioinformatics Joingenome Diagnostics Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou P.R. ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou P.R. ChinaAbstract Fibroadenomas (FAs) are the most common fibroepithelial lesions and the most common benign tumors of the breast in women of reproductive age. Although MED12 mutations, an overwhelming majority of all mutations, and some other gene mutations have been found in FAs, the genomic landscapes of FAs are still not completely clear and the genomic mutation spectrums of FAs in Chinese population remains unknown. Here, by performing whole exome sequencing of 12 FAs and the corresponding normal breast tissues in Chinese Han population, we observed the somatic and germline landscapes of genetic alterations. We identified 16 recurrently mutated genes with 37 nonsynonymous or frameshift somatic mutations and 27 recurrent somatic copy number variants (CNVs). In these mutated genes, MED12 was the most common in FAs, harboring 6 nonsynonymous/frameshift somatic mutations and 1 CNV. In addition, 6 germline mutations of tumor susceptibility genes in 5 FAs were identified and the tumor mutational burden of the 5 FAs was significantly higher than the other 7 FAs without germline mutations. This study provides genomic mutation spectrums of FAs in Chinese population and expand the genetic spectrum of FAs.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2081copy number variationfibroadenomagermline mutationMED12somatic mutationtumor mutational burdenoai:doaj.org/article:6f73924c89c644feb86cbfcc27053b5e2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852474248310.1002/cam4.2137LukS‐PV induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells mediated by C5a receptorPeng Zhang0Wen‐Wei Yu1Jing Peng2Liang‐Fei Xu3Chang‐Cheng Zhao4Wen‐Jiao Chang5Xiao‐Ling Ma6School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Anhui Provincial Hospital Hefei Anhui ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Anhui Provincial Hospital Hefei Anhui ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Anhui Provincial Hospital of Infectious Disease Hefei Anhui ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Anhui Provincial Hospital Hefei Anhui ChinaAbstract LukS‐PV is one of the two components of Panton‐Valentine leucocidin (PVL). Our previous study showed that LukS‐PV can induce apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) THP‐1 and HL‐60 cells. C5aR (C5a receptor) is the receptor for PVL, but whether C5aR plays a key role in LukS‐PV induced apoptosis is unclear. The aim of this study was to establish whether C5aR plays a physiological role in apoptosis of leukemia cells induced by LukS‐PV. We investigated the role of C5aR in leukemia cell apoptosis induced by LukS‐PV by pretreatment of THP‐1 and HL‐60 cells with C5aR antagonist and transfection to knockdown C5aR in THP‐1 cells or overexpress C5aR in Jurkat cells before treatment with LukS‐PV. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by staining with Annexin V/propidium iodide or Annexin V‐PE/7‐AAD. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined using JC‐1 dye. The expression of apoptosis‐associated genes and proteins was identified by qRT‐polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. As the C5aR antagonist concentration increased, the rate of apoptosis induced by LukS‐PV decreased, the MMP increased, and expression of pro‐apoptotic Bax and Bak genes and proteins was downregulated while that of anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐x genes and proteins was upregulated. Knockdown of C5aR also decreased LukS‐PV–induced THP‐1 cell apoptosis. LukS‐PV did not induce apoptosis of Jurkat cells, which have no endogenous C5aR expression; however, LukS‐PV did induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells after overexpression of C5aR. Correspondingly, the MMP decreased and Bax and Bak were upregulated while Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐x were downregulated. LukS‐PV can induce apoptosis in AML cells by targeting C5aR. C5aR may be a potential therapeutic target for AML and LukS‐PV is a candidate targeted drug for the treatment of AML.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2137AMLC5a receptorLukS‐PVmolecular markertherapeutic targetoai:doaj.org/article:697c203cca1e4252907df9b369ec96432024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852429244110.1002/cam4.2115PHD finger protein 5A promoted lung adenocarcinoma progression via alternative splicingShuangshuang Mao0Yuan Li1Zhiliang Lu2Yun Che3Jianbing Huang4Yuanyuan Lei5Yalong Wang6Chengming Liu7Xinfeng Wang8Sufei Zheng9Nan Sun10Jie He11Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaAbstract Alternative splicing (AS) and the regulation of AS by splicing factors play critical roles in cancer. Plant homeodomain (PHD)–finger domain protein PHF5A, a critical splicing factor involved in AS, has been demonstrated to play an oncogenic role in glioblastoma multiforme and breast cancer, but its biological function in lung cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we systematically analyzed the biological function and clinical relevance of PHF5A in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that PHF5A was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tumors compared with normal tissues in both TCGA data set and tissue microarrays. Upregulation of PHF5A was negatively correlated to the overall survival (OS) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function experiments confirmed that PHF5A functioned as an oncoprotein by promoting LUAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion, inducing G0/G1 cell cycle progression and inhibiting cisplatin–induced apoptosis. RNA–seq analysis identified many essential genes whose AS was dysregulated by PHF5A, including cell cycle–associated genes such as SKP2, CHEK2, ATR and apoptosis–associated genes such as API5 and BCL2L13. Additionally, pladienolide, a small molecular inhibitor of PHF5A, inhibited LUAD cell proliferation in a dose–dependent manner and induced AS changes similar to PHF5A knockdown. In conclusion, we validated that PHF5A played an oncogenic role via AS in LUAD and suggested that PHF5A might serve as a potential drug target with a promising anticancer therapeutic effect.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2115alternative splicinglung adenocarcinomaPHF5Asplicing factoroai:doaj.org/article:60a3f5cf8e944cffa84111460f4dfe202024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852545255210.1002/cam4.2068Association between polymorphisms in MicroRNA target sites of RAD51D genes and risk of hepatocellular carcinomaYan‐Ji Jiang0Jian‐Hong Zhong1Zi‐Han Zhou2Mo‐Qin Qiu3Xian‐Guo Zhou4Ying‐Chun Liu5Rong‐Rui Huo6Xiu‐Mei Liang7Zhu Chen8Qiu‐Ling Lin9Xiang‐Yuan Yu10Hong‐Ping Yu11Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaSchool of Public Health Guilin Medical University Guangxi ChinaAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Guangxi ChinaAbstract RAD51D (RAD51L3) is a member of the RAD51 gene family which plays important roles in maintaining genomic stability and preventing DNA damage. This study is aimed to investigate the associations between RAD51D polymorphisms and the hereditary susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study we conducted a hospital–based case‐control study including 805 cases (HCC patients) and 846 controls (nontumor patients) in Guangxi, China. A total of two Single–nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12947947 and rs28363292 of RAD51D were selected and genotyped. Although we did not find two SNPs individually that had any significant main effect on risk of HCC, We found that the combined genotypes with 1‐2 risk genotypes were associated with significantly increased overall risk of HCC (OR = 1.462, 95% CI = 1.050‐2.036). According to the results of further stratification analysis, GT/GG genotype of rs28363292 increased HCC risk in zhuang people (OR = 3.913, 95% CI = 1.873‐8.175) and nonhepatitis B virus (HBV) infection population (OR = 1.774, 95% CI = 1.060‐2.969), the combined 1‐2 risk genotypes increased the risk of HCC in zhuang people (OR = 2.817, 95% CI = 1.532‐5.182) and non‐HBV infected population (OR = 1.567, 95% CI = 1.042‐2.358). Our results suggest that rs12947947 and rs28363292 polymorphisms may jointly contribute to the risk of HCC. Further large studies and functional studies are required to validate our findings.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2068hepatocellular carcinomaRAD51Dsingle–nucleotide polymorphismsusceptibilityoai:doaj.org/article:57ffe07d00e3470a9eb87658450f08852024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852623263510.1002/cam4.2079Impact of immigration status on health behaviors and perceptions in cancer survivorsSophia Y. Liu0Lin Lu1Dan Pringle2Mary Mahler3Chongya Niu4Rebecca Charow5Kyoko Tiessen6Christine Lam7Oleksandr Halytskyy8Hiten Naik9Henrique Hon10Margaret Irwin11Vivien Pat12Christina Gonos13Catherine W. T. Chan14Jodie Villeneuve15Ravi M. Shani16Maha Chaudhry17M. Catherine Brown18Peter Selby19Doris Howell20Wei Xu21Shabbir M. H. Alibhai22Jennifer M. Jones23Geoffrey Liu24Lawson Eng25Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaDepartment of Biostatistics Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaDalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaDalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaDepartment of Biostatistics Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaDepartment of Medicine University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaOntario Cancer Institute Toronto ON CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital/University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON CanadaAbstract Background Health behaviors including smoking cessation, physical activity (PA), and alcohol moderation are key aspects of cancer survivorship. Immigrants may have unique survivorship needs. We evaluated whether immigrant cancer survivors had health behaviors and perceptions that were distinct from native‐born cancer survivors. Methods Adult cancer patients from Princess Margaret Cancer Centre were surveyed on their smoking, PA, and alcohol habits and perceptions of the effects of these behaviors on quality of life (QoL), 5‐year survival, and fatigue. Multivariable models evaluated the association of immigration status and region‐of‐origin on behaviors and perceptions. Results Of the 784 patients, 39% self‐identified as immigrants. Median time of survey was 24 months after histological diagnosis. At baseline, immigrants had trends toward not meeting Canadian PA guidelines or being ever‐drinkers; patients from non‐Western countries were less likely to smoke (aORcurrent = 0.46, aORex‐smoker = 0.47, P = 0.02), drink alcohol (aORcurrent = 0.22, aORex‐drinker = 0.52, P < 0.001), or meet PA guidelines (aOR = 0.44, P = 0.006). Among immigrants, remote immigrants (migrated ≥40 years ago) were more likely to be consuming alcohol at diagnosis (aOR = 5.70, P < 0.001) compared to recent immigrants. Compared to nonimmigrants, immigrants were less likely to perceive smoking as harmful on QoL (aOR = 0.58, P = 0.008) and survival (aOR = 0.56, P = 0.002), and less likely to perceive that PA improved fatigue (aOR = 0.62, P = 0.04) and survival (aOR = 0.64, P = 0.08). Conclusions Immigrants had different patterns of health behaviors than nonimmigrants. Immigrants were less likely to perceive continued smoking as harmful and were less likely to be aware of PA benefits. Culturally tailored counselling may be required for immigrants who smoke or are physically sedentary at diagnosis.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2079alcoholcancer survivorshiphealth behaviorsimmigrationpatient perceptionsphysical activityoai:doaj.org/article:4f66c208f42c46d7b4171e32105ce2122024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852535254410.1002/cam4.2060Fatigue and physical activity in cancer survivors: A cross‐sectional population‐based studyMargarida Matias0Giulia Baciarello1Mohamed Neji2Antonio Di Meglio3Stefan Michiels4Ann H. Partridge5Marc Karim Bendiane6Karim Fizazi7Michel Ducreux8Fabrice Andre9Ines Vaz‐Luis10Department of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceINSERM UMR 981 Gustave Roussy Villejuif FranceDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, University Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Boston MassachusettsProvence‐Alpes‐Côte d'Azur Regional Health Observatory, INSERM UMR912 Marseille FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology Gustave Roussy, Université Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay Villejuif FranceAbstract Purpose A substantial proportion of cancer survivors experience fatigue after diagnosis. Physical activity (PA) can impact fatigue after cancer. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence and association of fatigue and the practice of PA in a population with early cancer. Methods Using the national population‐based French cross‐sectional study Vie après le cancer 2, we included 1984 patients with early breast (61.1%), prostate (21.5%), and colorectal (17.4%) cancer. Severe fatigue at 2 years postdiagnosis was defined by a score ≥40 in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ C30) fatigue subscale. PA was defined as (a) self‐reported PA before diagnosis (active/inactive) and (b) change in PA since diagnosis (increased/maintained exposure vs decreased exposure/remaining inactive). Multivariate regression examined associations of severe fatigue with PA, adjusting for baseline clinical and treatment variables. Results Median age was 52 years. 51.5% of patients experienced severe fatigue 2 years post‐diagnosis. 87.7% reported to be physically active before cancer diagnosis; 53.3% of patients either decreased PA or remained inactive at 2 years postdiagnosis. At 2 years postdiagnosis, severe fatigue was associated with a change in PA since diagnosis: patients with decreasing PA/remaining inactive from pre‐ to postdiagnosis had a higher risk of severe fatigue vs those with increasing/maintaining PA (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 2.32 [1.85‐2.90]). Conclusion Fatigue continues to be a substantial problem for cancer survivors 2 years after cancer diagnosis and is associated with PA decreasing/remaining inactive since diagnosis. Interventions to maintain or increase PA for cancer survivors should be tested to mitigate long‐term fatigue after cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2060cancerfatiguephysical activityquality of lifesurvivorshipoai:doaj.org/article:3fd4a31b2861474aab98ba40920b2e082024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852348235910.1002/cam4.2074Ectopic expression of human airway trypsin‐like protease 4 in acute myeloid leukemia promotes cancer cell invasion and tumor growthRuhong Yan0Meng Liu1Yae Hu2Lina Wang3Can Wang4Yizhi Jiang5Quansheng Zhou6Xiaofei Qi7Ningzheng Dong8Qingyu Wu9Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaCyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention Soochow University Suzhou ChinaAbstract Transmembrane serine proteases have been implicated in the development and progression of solid and hematological cancers. Human airway trypsin‐like protease 4 (HAT‐L4) is a transmembrane serine protease expressed in epithelial cells and exocrine glands. In the skin, HAT‐L4 is important for normal epidermal barrier function. Here, we report an unexpected finding of ectopic HAT‐L4 expression in neutrophils and monocytes from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Such expression was not detected in bone marrow cells from normal individuals or patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In AML patients who underwent chemotherapy, persistent HAT‐L4 expression in bone marrow cells was associated with minimal residual disease and poor prognostic outcomes. In culture, silencing HAT‐L4 expression in AML–derived THP‐1 cells by short hairpin RNAs inhibited matrix metalloproteinase‐2 activation and Matrigel invasion. In mouse xenograft models, inhibition of HAT‐L4 expression reduced the proliferation and growth of THP‐1 cell–derived tumors. Our results indicate that ectopic HAT‐L4 expression is a pathological mechanism in AML and that HAT‐L4 may be used as a cell surface marker for AML blast detection and targeting.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2074Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)cancer progressionhuman airway trypsin‐like protease 4 (HAT‐L4)matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP)oai:doaj.org/article:36f97cae9ec74da898f3554f1c71fe982024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852462247310.1002/cam4.2130Zinc cooperates with p53 to inhibit the activity of mitochondrial aconitase through reactive oxygen species accumulationYa‐Nan Xue0Ya‐Nan Liu1Jing Su2Jiu‐Ling Li3Yao Wu4Rui Guo5Bing‐Bing Yu6Xiao‐Yu Yan7Li‐Chao Zhang8Lian‐Kun Sun9Yang Li10Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University Changchun, Jilin ChinaAbstract Metabolic reprogramming is a central hallmark of cancer. Therefore, targeting metabolism may provide an effective strategy for identifying promising drug targets for cancer treatment. In prostate cancer, cells undergo metabolic transformation from zinc‐accumulating, citrate‐producing cells to citrate‐oxidizing malignant cells with lower zinc levels and higher mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) activity. ACO2 is a Krebs cycle enzyme that converts citrate to isocitrate and is sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated damage. In this study, we found that the expression of ACO2 is positively correlated with the malignancy of prostate cancer. Both zinc and p53 can lead to an increase in ROS. ACO2 can be a target for remodeling metabolism by sensing changes in the ROS levels of prostate cancer. Our results indicate that targeting ACO2 through zinc and p53 can change prostate cancer metabolism, and thus provides a potential new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2130mitochondrial aconitasep53ROSzincoai:doaj.org/article:3585f61739244c36b7c6819116cef7d02024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852553256010.1002/cam4.2082A genetic variant in miR‐100 is a protective factor of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemiaYao Xue0Xiaoyun Yang1Shaoyan Hu2Meiyun Kang3Jing Chen4Yongjun Fang5Department of Hematology and Oncology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology Soochow University Affiliated Children’s Hospital Suzhou ChinaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaKey Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaAbstract Background In the past decade, miR‐100, miR‐146a, and miR‐210 were reported to be dysregulated in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, effects of genetic variants in these three microRNAs have not been investigated in Chinese population. Methods In this study, we conducted a case‐control study to evaluate the relationship between genetic variants in miR‐100, miR‐146a, and miR‐210 and the risk of childhood ALL in Chinese population. Subsequently, plasma expression level of miR‐100 was also detected. Result We found that subjects carrying mutant homozygous TT genotype of miR‐100 rs543412 had a statistically significantly decreased risk of childhood ALL (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55‐0.97, P = 0.029). This protective effect was also observed among subjects whose parents were ever drinkers (adjusted OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.29‐0.94), or whose living house were ever painted (adjusted OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.34‐0.94). Besides, rs543412 variant homozygous TT had a significantly protective role in patients with childhood B‐ALL. Finally, we found that expression level of miR‐100 in plasma of childhood ALL cases was significantly higher than that of noncancer controls. Conclusion Our study suggested that there was significant association between the polymorphisms in miR‐100 (rs543412) and decreased susceptibility to childhood ALL.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2082childhood ALLgenetic variantsmiRNAsusceptibilityoai:doaj.org/article:34d7699e9be84121ba6681a7e4efb2a72024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852360237110.1002/cam4.2078A novel tumor suppressor SPINK5 targets Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in esophageal cancerQian Wang0Qin Lv1Hua Bian2Lei Yang3Ke‐lei Guo4Song‐shan Ye5Xue‐feng Dong6Ling‐Ling Tao7Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaNanyang Medical College Nanyang ChinaZhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaZhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaZhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaZhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaZhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaZhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine Nanyang Institute of Technology Nanyang ChinaAbstract Esophageal cancer is one of the most common tumor in the world, and the morbidity rate is as high as 100/100 000 in some parts of China. Therefore, it is important and urgent to explore the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer and find new therapeutic targets for esophageal cancer. In this study, we found that a novel tumor suppressor SPINK5 is significantly reduced in the development of esophageal cancer, and is closely related to the pathological differentiation and lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer via bioinformatics analysis and esophageal cancer tissue array. Further studies have found that SPINK5 is closely related to Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway by bioinformatics analysis and western blot. In esophageal cancer cells, SPINK5 overexpression can inhibit Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Combined with LiCl or MG‐132 treatment, SPINK5 can inhibit GSK3β phosphorylation and promote β‐catenin protein degradation, thus inhibit Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. In vivo study, SPINK5 overexpression can significantly inhibit the growth of esophageal cancer cells. Our study shows that SPINK5 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of esophageal cancer cells by inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, and thus plays an important role in the development of esophageal cancer, and may serve as a treatment target of esophageal cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2078cell migrationcell proliferationesophageal cancerGSK3β phosphorylationSPINK5Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathwayoai:doaj.org/article:32eb1658c09b409cace6958cccb80ba12024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852514252310.1002/cam4.2025Metformin reduces prostate cancer risk among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A nationwide population‐based cohort studyYu‐Jui Kuo0Fung‐Chang Sung1Po‐Fan Hsieh2Hui‐Ping Chang3Kun‐Ling Wu4Hsi‐Chin Wu5Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation) Tainan TaiwanDepartment of Health Services Administration China Medical University Taichung TaiwanDepartment of Urology China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University Taichung TaiwanDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation) Tainan TaiwanDepartment of Family Medicine Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation) Tainan TaiwanDepartment of Urology China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University Taichung TaiwanAbstract Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) has been associated with prostate cancer prevalent among men after 50 years of age, however, it is unclear whether the antidiabetic drug, metformin, can reduce prostate cancer for men with BPH. The insurance claims data of men aged 50 years or older, with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and BPH diagnosed from 1997 to 2007 were analyzed. Individuals were followed up for at least 5 years. We identified 2906 and 2906 patients as the metformin cohort and nonmetformin cohort, respectively. The Cox method analysis showed that the metformin cohort had an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49‐0.96, P = 0.0298) for prostate cancer, compared to the nonmetformin cohort after controlling for age, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use, prostate specific antigen, and Charlson comorbidity index. Patients using TCM for BPH (per 6 months) also had an aHR of 0.41 (95% CI = 0.24‐0.69; P = 0.0009). In conclusion, both metformin medication and TCM use could be associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer for men with BPH and diabetes.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2025benign prostate hyperplasiadiabetesmetforminprostate cancertraditional Chinese medicineoai:doaj.org/article:2a28cf31d5e04c1c8650a10b3da42c0c2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852496250210.1002/cam4.1867Analysis of population‐based colorectal cancer screening in Guangzhou, 2011‐2015Feng Zhiqiang0Cao Jie1Nie Yuqiang2Gong Chenghua3Wang Hong4Sun Zheng5Li Wanglin6Zhou Yongjian7Dai Liping8Zeng Lizhong9Zhao DeJian10Department of Gastroenterology Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaYuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaYuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou ChinaYuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou ChinaYuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou ChinaAbstract Objective To analyze the detection rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) and polyps by population‐based screening in Guangzhou. Methods From January 2011 to December 2015, the residents aged 30‐79 were selected for CRC screening. The residents were conducted Questionnaires and/or FOBT to assess high‐risk groups, the free colonoscopy examination was recommended, and the results were evaluated in detail. Results There were 98 927 residents involving screening, 5306 high‐risk residents identified (males 1859 and females 3447), and 4713 subjects underwent colonoscopy (males 1690 and females 3023). CRC was seen in 55 individuals (males 28 and females 27), and the detection rates in male were higher than in female (P = 0.019). And the detection rates increasing with age, for people over 60 years old, were obviously higher than those younger (x2 = 18.64, P = 0.000924). The polyps were seen in 1458 (30.94%) cases, and 1420 subjects received pathological examination (adenomas 971 and non‐adenomatous polyps 449). Advanced adenomas were seen in 462 cases (males 240 and females 222) and 509 cases of non‐advanced adenomas (males 255 and females 254). For advanced adenomas, the detection rates in male were higher than female (14.20% vs 7.34%, P = 2.64 × 10−14). For the detection rates of adenomas or advanced adenomas by age, the people over 40 years were higher than younger (20.91% vs 3.61% P = 7.87 × 10−6; 9.94% vs 2.41%, P = 0.009). Conclusions For Guangzhou residents, the detection rates of CRC and adenoma were 1.17% and 20.60%. The detection rates of CRC increasing with age, for people over 60 years old, were obviously higher than those younger. But for people over 40 years, the detection rate of adenoma and advanced adenoma was higher than younger. So for people over 40 years, the CRC screening is recommended.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1867advanced adenomascolorectal cancerGuangzhoupolypusscreeningoai:doaj.org/article:283e36d6d8ad4f19a4484889c1443f292024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852338234710.1002/cam4.2071Candidate genes involved in metastasis of colon cancer identified by integrated analysisYiming Zhou0Yiwen Zang1Yi Yang2Jianbin Xiang3Zongyou Chen4Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai ChinaDepartment of General Surgery Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai ChinaDepartment of General Surgery Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai ChinaDepartment of General Surgery Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai ChinaDepartment of General Surgery Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai ChinaAbstract Colon cancer is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide. Nearly 20% of all colon cancer patients are diagnosed at stage IV (metastasis). However, further study of colon cancer is difficult due to a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis. In this study, we acquired high–throughput sequence data from TCGA datasets and performed integrated bioinformatic analysis including differential gene expression analysis, gene ontology and KEGG pathways analysis, protein–protein analysis, survival analysis, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in order to identify a panel of key candidate genes involved in the metastasis of colon cancer. We then constructed a prognostic signature based on the expression of REG1B, TGM6, NTF4, PNMA5, and HOXC13 which could provide significant prognostic value for colon cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2071bioinformatic analysiscolon cancermetastasisTCGAoai:doaj.org/article:26f1c3500dd5484092cada426c398b572024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852303231210.1002/cam4.2065SNP mutation‐related genes in breast cancer for monitoring and prognosis of patients: A study based on the TCGA databaseChundi Gao0Jing Zhuang1Chao Zhou2Huayao Li3Cun Liu4Lijuan Liu5Fubin Feng6Ruijuan Liu7Changgang Sun8College of First Clinical Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan PR ChinaDepartment of Oncology Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital Weifang PR ChinaDepartment of Oncology Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital Weifang PR ChinaCollege of First Clinical Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan PR ChinaCollege of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan PR ChinaDepartment of Oncology Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital Weifang PR ChinaDepartment of Oncology Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital Weifang PR ChinaDepartment of Oncology Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital Weifang PR ChinaDepartment of Oncology Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital Weifang PR ChinaAbstract Advances in cancer biology have allowed early diagnosis and more comprehensive treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, it remains the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide because of its strong invasiveness and metastasis. In‐depth study of the molecular pathogenesis of BC and of relevant prognostic markers would improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of SNP‐related data from BC patients provided in the TCGA database revealed that six mutant genes (NCOR1, GATA3, CDH1, ATM, AKT1, and PTEN) were significantly associated with the corresponding expression levels of the proteins. The proteins were involved in multiple pathways related to the development of cancer, including the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, pertinent microRNAs, and the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, overall survival and recurrence‐free survival analysis revealed the close associations of the expression of GATA3, NCOR1, CDH1, and ATM with survival of BC patients. Therefore, detecting these gene mutations and exploring their corresponding expression could be valuable in predicting the prognosis of patients. The results of the high‐throughput data mining provide important fundamental bioinformatics information and a relevant theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular pathogenesis of BC and assessing the prognosis of patients.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2065bioinformatics analysisbiomarkersbreast cancerprognosissingle nucleotide polymorphismsoai:doaj.org/article:25c688b5200947a590896f56b42944332024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852278228710.1002/cam4.1960RETRACTED: CUL4B promotes aggressive phenotypes of HNSCC via the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathwayYuanyuan Wang0Dan Yue1Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang ChinaAbstract Previous studies have revealed that CUL4B is overexpressed in various types of cancer and that its overexpression is related to the progression and metastasis of tumors. However, the biological functions of CUL4B in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are still not well understood. In the current study, we aimed to determine the changes in biological functions and molecular events that are related to CUL4B overexpression. Interestingly, our results showed that CUL4B is upregulated in HNSCC and that its upregulation is associated with poor survival and worse histological grade. Overexpression of CUL4B promoted cancer cell growth, invasion, and migration, as well as epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, whereas the loss of CUL4B abrogated these malignant phenotypes. Moreover, our mechanistic investigations suggest that the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway was activated by CUL4B overexpression. Treatment with a Wnt/β‐catenin inhibitor decreased CUL4B‐induced migration and invasion, establishing a key role of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in mediating the effects of CUL4B expression. Together, these results demonstrate a key contribution of CUL4B overexpression in the malignant behavior of HNSCC cells, at least in part through the stimulation of angiogenesis and the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1960angiogenesisCUL4BHNSCCmetastasisWnt/β‐catenin signalingoai:doaj.org/article:22ca1c97f38345faa050654f631ae09d2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852449246110.1002/cam4.2119Vitamin D3 enhances the response to cisplatin in bladder cancer through VDR and TAp73 signaling crosstalkBrittany L. Bunch0Yingyu Ma1Kristopher Attwood2Lauren Amable3Wei Luo4Carl Morrison5Khurshid A. Guru6Anna Woloszynska‐Read7Pamela A. Hershberger8Donald L. Trump9Candace S. Johnson10Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkNational Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities National Institutes of Health Bethesda MarylandDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Pathology Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Urology Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkInova Schar Cancer Institute Falls Church VirginiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Roswell Park Cancer Institute Buffalo New YorkAbstract Background Vitamin D3 (VitD) deficiency is linked to increased incidence and worse survival in bladder cancer (BCa). In addition to cystectomy, patients are treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy, however 30%‐50% of patients do not benefit from this treatment. The effects of VitD deficiency on response to chemotherapy remain unknown. Methods To test effects of VitD supplementation on the response to cisplatin we analyzed patient serum VitD levels and correlated that with survival. In vivo, VitD deficient mice were treated with cisplatin, with or without pretreatment with the active VitD metabolite, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3). Lastly, using BCa cell lines, T24 and RT‐112, the mechanism of action of 1,25D3 and cisplatin combination treatment was determined by apoptosis assays, as well as western blot and RT‐PCR. Results In this study, we determined that low serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3) levels was significantly associated with worse response to cisplatin. Pretreating deficient mice with 1,25D3, reduced tumor volume compared to cisplatin monotherapy. In vitro, 1,25D3 pretreatment increased the apoptotic response to cisplatin. 1,25D3 pretreatment increased expression of TAp73 and its pro‐apoptotic targets, in a VDR dependent manner. VDR and its transcriptional targets were induced after 1,25D3 treatment and further increased after the combination of 1,25D3 and cisplatin in a TAp73 dependent manner. Conclusions Our data suggest that VitD deficiency could be a biomarker for poor response to cisplatin, and pretreating with VitD can increase the apoptotic response to cisplatin through VDR and TAp73 signaling crosstalk.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2119bladder cancercisplatinTAp73VDRvitamin D3oai:doaj.org/article:1e69a258c4b74eb6a2d490773bf0ca2a2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852646265310.1002/cam4.2061Predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence associated with the use of direct‐acting antiviral agent therapy for hepatitis C virus after curative treatment: A prospective multicenter cohort studyMasahito Nakano0Hironori Koga1Tatsuya Ide2Ryoko Kuromatsu3Satoru Hashimoto4Hiroshi Yatsuhashi5Masataka Seike6Nobito Higuchi7Makoto Nakamuta8Satoshi Shakado9Shotaro Sakisaka10Satoshi Miuma11Kazuhiko Nakao12Yoko Yoshimaru13Yutaka Sasaki14Satoshi Oeda15Yuichiro Eguchi16Yuichi Honma17Masaru Harada18Kenji Nagata19Seiichi Mawatari20Akio Ido21Tatsuji Maeshiro22Shuichi Matsumoto23Yuko Takami24Tetsuo Sohda25Takuji Torimura26Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Fukuoka JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Fukuoka JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Fukuoka JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Fukuoka JapanClinical Research Center National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center Nagasaki JapanClinical Research Center National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center Nagasaki JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine Oita University Oita JapanDivision of Gastroenterology National Kyusyu Medical Center Hospital Fukuoka JapanDivision of Gastroenterology National Kyusyu Medical Center Hospital Fukuoka JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Medicine Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Medicine Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagasaki University Hospital Nagasaki JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagasaki University Hospital Nagasaki JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto JapanLiver Center Saga University Hospital Saga JapanLiver Center Saga University Hospital Saga JapanThird Department of Internal Medicine University of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu JapanThird Department of Internal Medicine University of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu JapanDepartment of Liver Disease University of Miyazaki Hospital Miyazaki JapanDigestive and Lifestyle Diseases Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima JapanDigestive and Lifestyle Diseases Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima JapanFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Okinawa JapanFukuoka Tokushukai Medical Center Fukuoka JapanDepartment of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery and Clinical Research Institute National Kyushu Medical Center Hospital Fukuoka JapanHepatology Division Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital Fukuoka JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Fukuoka JapanAbstract Background Previous studies have suggested an association between the use of direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the resulting decrease in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, it is unclear whether DAAs prevent the recurrence of HCC after curative treatment for HCC. This study aimed to prospectively investigate HCC recurrence and its predictors after curative treatment for HCC. Methods A total of 3012 patients with chronic HCV infection, with or without cirrhosis, who were treated with DAAs were enrolled between January 1, 2015 and January 31, 2017 as per the institutional review board approved study protocol at 15 institutions, including 10 university hospitals and five high‐volume centers in the Kyusyu area of Japan. Of the 3012 patients, 459 patients who had HCC but were cured with surgery or ablation therapy (curative treatment) before the use of DAAs were included in the analysis. Results During a mean follow‐up period of 29.4 months, 217 (47.2%) patients developed HCC recurrence. The median time to recurrence was 34.0 months, and the 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year cumulative HCC recurrence rates were 27.1%, 43.4%, and 50.8%, respectively. The risk factors for HCC recurrence were the α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level before DAA therapy (P = 0.0047) and the number of curative treatments for HCC before DAA therapy (P < 0.0001). Conclusions A high AFP level and multiple occurrences of HCC before DAA therapy are associated with a high risk for HCC recurrence after curative treatment. Follow‐up after DAA therapy should include special attention to the abovementioned risk factors.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2061DAAHCVhepatocarcinogenesisliver cancerSVRoai:doaj.org/article:18811f29589a4b44bbdbd351d3132fd12024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852636264510.1002/cam4.2073Genetic variations in miR‐125 family and the survival of non‐small cell lung cancer in Chinese populationShuangshuang Wu0Wei Shen1Lu Yang2Meng Zhu3Mingjiong Zhang4Feng Zong5Liguo Geng6Yuzhuo Wang7Tongtong Huang8Yun Pan9Songyu Cao10Juncheng Dai11HongXia Ma12Jianqing Wu13Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Information The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaEditorial Department of Journal of Clinical Dermatology the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaAbstract To investigate the associations between the functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the miR‐125 family and the survival of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, we systematically selected six functional SNPs located in three pre‐miRNAs (miR‐125a, miR‐125b‐1, miR‐125b‐2). Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to estimate the crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Reporter gene luciferase assay was performed to examine the relationship between the SNPs and transcriptive activity of the miRNAs. The expression of miRNAs in different cells was detected using quantitative real‐time PCR assay. We found that rs2241490 (upstream of miR‐125b‐1, G > A, adjusted HR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.05‐1.48, P = 0.014, in dominant model; adjusted HR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.03‐1.35, P = 0.014, in additive model), rs512932 (upstream of miR‐125b‐1, A > G, dominant model: adjusted HR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.05‐1.48, P = 0.013) and rs8111742 (upstream of miR‐125a, G > A, dominant model: adjusted HR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.71‐1.00, P = 0.047) were associated with the prognosis of 1001 Chinese NSCLC patients. The combined analysis of the three SNPs related the number of risk alleles (rs2241490‐A, rs512932‐G and rs8111742‐G) to death risk of NSCLC in a locus‐dosage mode (P for trend <0.001). Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay showed significantly higher levels of luciferase activity with rs512932 variant G than that with A allele in 293T, SPC‐A1 and A549 cell lines. Besides, miR‐125b was highly expressed in lung cancer cells than the normal lung cell. Our study indicated that genetic variations in miR‐125 family were implicated in the survival of NSCLC patients. Larger population‐based and functional studies are needed to verify these findings.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2073miR‐125miRNAsnon‐small cell lung cancersingle nucleotide polymorphismssurvivaloai:doaj.org/article:1734b8f28dbb46cfa60a6c951a360bee2024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852442244810.1002/cam4.2116Resensitization of cisplatin resistance ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin through pretreatment with low‐dose fraction radiationLili Zhao0Shihai Liu1Donghai Liang2Tao Jiang3Xiaoyan Yan4Shengnan Zhao5Yuanwei Liu6Wei Zhao7Hongsheng Yu8Department of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Central Laboratory The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology Traditional Chinese medical hospital of Huangdao District Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaDepartment of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao, Shandong Province ChinaAbstract Objective Cisplatin is the first‐line chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. However, cisplatin resistance is severely affecting the treatment efficacy. FOXO3a has been reported to be involved in reversing chemotherapy resistance. However, whether low‐dose fraction radiation therapy (LDFRT) can reverse cisplatin resistance remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of LDFRT on cisplatin resistance and its relation with FOXO3a expression in vitro. Methods The toxicity of cisplatin on SKOV3/DDP cells was evaluated by CCK8 assay and cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin V‐FITC staining as well as Hoechst33342 staining. The expression of FOXO3a and other relative proteins was measured by western blot. Results Our study found that LDFRT enhanced cisplatin‐induced apoptosis of SKOV3/DDP cells and promoted the expression of FOXO3a and pro‐apoptotic protein PUMA. In addition, overexpression of FOXO3a promoted PUMA activity and toxicity of cisplatin on SKOV3/DDP cells. Conclusion LDFRT reverses cisplatin resistance of SKOV3/DDP cells possibly by upregulating the expression of FOXO3a and its downstream target PUMA, suggesting that LDFRT might be a potent chemosensitizer for the treatment of ovarian cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2116cisplatin resistanceFOXO3aLDFRTovarian canceroai:doaj.org/article:115845ba19a946c69a84852d1b9597b02024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852524253410.1002/cam4.2048HPV‐vaccination and cancer cervical screening in 53 WHO European Countries: An update on prevention programs according to income levelEmma Altobelli0Leonardo Rapacchietta1Valerio F. Profeta2Roberto Fagnano3Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences University of L'Aquila L'Aquila ItalyEpidemiology and Biostatistics Unit Local Health Unit Teramo ItalyLocal Health Unit Teramo ItalyLocal Health Unit Teramo ItalyAbstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world. The aim of our study is to describe the differences in HPV‐vaccination coverage and screening programs in WHO European Countries notably according to income levels. Multiple correspondence analysis was applied to examine the association among the following variables: Gross National Income (GNI) levels (Lower‐Middle Income, LMI; Upper‐Middle Income, UMI; and High Income, HI); type of CC screening program (coverage; opportunistic/organized); vaccination payment policies (free or partial or total charge); mortality rates/100 000 (≤3; >3‐6; >6‐9; >9); incidence rates/100 000 (≤7; >7‐15; >15‐21; >21). Data HPV‐vaccination start (years) (2006‐2008; 2009‐2011; 2012‐2014; >2014; no program); coverage HPV‐vaccination percentage (≤25; 26‐50; 51‐75; >75); data screening start (years) (<1960; 1960‐1980; 1981‐2000; >2000); primary screening test (HPV, cytology), and screening coverage percentage (≤25; >25‐50; >50‐75; >75). A high income is associated with: start of screening before 1960, medium‐high screening coverage, organized screening, start of vaccination in the periods 2009‐2011 and 2012‐2014 and high immunization coverage. On the other hand, lower‐middle income is associated with: late start of vaccination and screening programs with cytology as primary test, high mortality and incidence rates and lower‐medium vaccination coverage. Our results show a useful scenario for crucial support to public health decision‐makers. Public health authorities should monitor the HPV‐vaccinated population in order to determine more precisely the effects on short‐ and long‐term incidence and mortality rates. In fact, the greater the vaccination coverage, the greater will be the efficacy of the program for the prevention of CC and other HPV‐related diseases.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2048cervical cancercoverageHPV vaccinationincome levelscreening programssurveillanceoai:doaj.org/article:07aec071f8784b25ba750c51f7cf99142024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852252226710.1002/cam4.2101Nrf2 in cancers: A double‐edged swordShijia Wu0Hong Lu1Yongheng Bai2Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou ChinaKey Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‐Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou ChinaAbstract The Nrf2/Keap1 pathway is an important signaling cascade responsible for the resistance of oxidative damage induced by exogenous chemicals. It maintains the redox homeostasis, exerts anti‐inflammation and anticancer activity by regulating its multiple downstream cytoprotective genes, thereby plays a vital role in cell survival. Interestingly, in recent years, accumulating evidence suggests that Nrf2 has a contradictory role in cancers. Aberrant activation of Nrf2 is associated with poor prognosis. The constitutive activation of Nrf2 in various cancers induces pro‐survival genes and promotes cancer cell proliferation by metabolic reprogramming, repression of cancer cell apoptosis, and enhancement of self‐renewal capacity of cancer stem cells. More importantly, Nrf2 is proved to contribute to the chemoresistance and radioresistance of cancer cells as well as inflammation‐induced carcinogenesis. A number of Nrf2 inhibitors discovered for cancer treatment were reviewed in this report. These provide a new strategy that targeting Nrf2 could be a promising therapeutic approach against cancer. This review aims to summarize the dual effects of Nrf2 in cancer, revealing its function both in cancer prevention and inhibition, to further discover novel anticancer treatment.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2101cancerchemoresistanceinflammationKeap1Nrf2oai:doaj.org/article:0655b35ca1504e9dbac554b3c9d427482024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852380239110.1002/cam4.2089SIRT3 elicited an anti‐Warburg effect through HIF1α/PDK1/PDHA1 to inhibit cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesisLei Xu0Yang Li1Lixing Zhou2Robert Gregory Dorfman3Li Liu4Rui Cai5Chenfei Jiang6Dehua Tang7Yuming Wang8Xiaoping Zou9Lei Wang10Mingming Zhang11Department of Gastroenterology Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei ChinaThe Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu ChinaFeinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago ILDepartment of Gastroenterology Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing ChinaAbstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an extremely invasive malignancy with late diagnosis and unfavorable prognosis. Surgery and chemotherapy are still not effective in improving outcomes in CCA patients. It is crucial to explore a novel therapeutic target for treating CCA. An NAD‐dependent deacetylase also known as Sirtuin‐3 (SIRT3) has been shown to regulate cellular metabolism in various cancers dynamically. However, the biological function of SIRT3 in CCA remains unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify the differentially expressed genes and pathways enriched. CCA samples were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. Three human CCA cell lines (HuCCT1, RBE, and HCCC9810) were used to explore the molecular mechanism of SIRT3 regulation of metabolic reprogramming and malignant behavior in CCA. A CCA xenograft model was then established for further validation in vivo. The data showed that SIRT3 expression was decreased and glycolysis was enhanced in CCA. Similar metabolic reprogramming was also observed in SIRT3 knockout mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SIRT3 could play an anti‐Warburg effect by inhibiting the hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF1α)/pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1)/pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHA1) pathway in CCA cells. CCA cell proliferation and apoptosis were regulated by SIRT3‐mediated metabolic reprogramming. These findings were further confirmed in CCA clinical samples and the xenograft model. Collectively, this study suggests that in the inhibition of CCA progression, SIRT3 acts through an anti‐Warburg effect on the downstream pathway HIF1α/PDK1/PDHA1.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2089CholangiocarcinomaMetabolic reprogrammingSIRT3Warburg effectoai:doaj.org/article:054f97eaae134ebcb6b2e4b34a6090532024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852612262210.1002/cam4.2109Impact of serious mental illness on the treatment and mortality of older patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer: retrospective cohort analysis of 49 985 SEER‐Medicare patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2013Dennis A. Fried0Hossein Sadeghi‐Nejad1Dian Gu2Shouhao Zhou3Weiguo He4Sharon H. Giordano5Sri Ram Pentakota6Kitaw Demissie7Drew Helmer8Chan Shen9War Related Illness and Injury Study Center VA‐New Jersey Healthcare System East Orange New JerseyVA New Jersey Health Care System East Orange New JerseyMD Andersen Cancer Center, University of Texas Houston TexasMD Andersen Cancer Center, University of Texas Houston TexasMD Andersen Cancer Center, University of Texas Houston TexasMD Andersen Cancer Center, University of Texas Houston TexasDepartment of Epidemiology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Newark New JerseyDepartment of Epidemiology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Newark New JerseyWar Related Illness and Injury Study Center VA‐New Jersey Healthcare System East Orange New JerseyMD Andersen Cancer Center, University of Texas Houston TexasAbstract Background The influence of serious mental illness (SMI) on the treatment and survival of patients with high‐grade prostate cancer is not well understood. We compared the initial cancer treatment and cancer‐specific mortality of SEER‐Medicare patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer with and without preexisting SMI. Methods We identified SEER‐Medicare patients who were 67 years of age or older diagnosed between 2006 and 2013 with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer. Preexisting SMI was identified by claims indicative of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorder, during the 2 years before cancer diagnosis. We used multivariable binary logistic regression to examine associations between SMI and receipt of surgery or radiation concurrent with hormone therapy (definitive initial treatment) within 1 year after cancer diagnosis. We used Kaplan‐Meier survival curves, as well as Cox proportional hazards and competing risk models to evaluate unadjusted and adjusted associations between SMI and 5‐year cancer‐specific survival. Results Among 49 985 patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer, 523 (1.1%) had SMI and 49 462 (98.9%) had no SMI. Overall, SMI was associated with reduced odds of receiving surgery (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49‐0.89) or radiation concurrent with hormone therapy (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67‐0.98) as initial treatments in the year after cancer diagnosis. Additionally, SMI was associated with higher hazard of 5‐year cancer‐specific death (HR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.89) after accounting for competing risks of non‐cancer death. Conclusion Among SEER‐Medicare patients with locoregional high‐grade (nonmetastatic) prostate cancer, those with preexisting SMI—relative to those without these conditions—were less likely to receive definitive initial treatment in the year after diagnosis and had poorer cancer‐specific survival 5 years after diagnosis.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2109oai:doaj.org/article:02211f8b5d17436a8d1dc029b47e85582024-03-28T10:30:36ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852654266310.1002/cam4.2069Cognitive complaints in cancer survivors and expectations for support: Results from a web–based surveyMarie Lange0Idlir Licaj1Bénédicte Clarisse2Xavier Humbert3Jean‐Michel Grellard4Laure Tron5Florence Joly6Clinical Research Department Centre François Baclesse Caen FranceClinical Research Department Centre François Baclesse Caen FranceClinical Research Department Centre François Baclesse Caen FranceDepartment of General Medicine, Medical School Caen FranceClinical Research Department Centre François Baclesse Caen FranceNormandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, ANTICIPE Caen FranceClinical Research Department Centre François Baclesse Caen FranceAbstract Background Cognitive complaints are common in cancer survivors. We aimed to assess cognitive complaints in cancer survivors and the associated factors using a large web–based survey. Methods This online survey was proposed to cancer survivors. Participants completed several questions on cognitive complaints experience, expectations for support of cognitive difficulties, preexisting knowledge about chemotherapy–associated cognitive problems and demographic and medical variables. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate Odds Ratios and 95% confidence intervals to estimate associations. Results Among 1610 eligible participants (median age 52 [21‐84]), >85% (n = 1393) were breast cancer survivors. Median postcancer treatment time (excluding hormone therapy) was 2.83 years [0.8‐33]. Seventy five percent of the participants (n = 1214) reported cognitive complaints related to cancer treatments. Cognitive difficulties had an impact on work resumption for 76% of the participants (n = 754/982). Most cancer survivors would like to receive support (75%, n = 909) and especially cognitive training (72%, n = 658). Chemotherapy was strongly associated with cognitive complaints (multivariable OR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.80‐4.82). Self–reported sleep difficulties (ORoften vs. never = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.80‐4.47), preexisting knowledge about chemotherapy–associated cognitive problems (ORNo vs. Yes = 1.69, 95% CI: 1‐29‐2.22) and age (OR21‐64 vs. ≥65 = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.23‐0.58) were also associated with cancer–related cognitive complaints. Conclusions According to this large web–based survey including mainly breast cancer survivors, cognitive complaints were reported by three quarters of participants, which reinforces that cognitive difficulties are a major issue in cancer survivors. Chemotherapy, self–reported sleep difficulties and preexisting knowledge about chemotherapy–associated cognitive problems were strongly associated with cancer–related cognitive complaints. Most cancer survivors wished to receive support and especially cognitive training.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2069cancer treatmentschemobraincognitive complaintssurveyoai:doaj.org/article:fc026d3660a0431eb592bb3c27f8ca352024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852020203010.1002/cam4.2072Can acetylcysteine ameliorate cisplatin‐induced toxicities and oxidative stress without decreasing antitumor efficacy? A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial involving patients with head and neck cancerMarília B. Visacri0Júlia C. F. Quintanilha1Vanessa M. deSousa2Laís S. Amaral3Rosiane de F. L.Ambrósio4Luciane Calonga5Silvia F. B. B. Curi6Mayra F. de T.Leme7Carlos T. Chone8João M. C. Altemani9Priscila G. Mazzola10Carina Malaguti11Aníbal E. Vercesi12Carmen S. P. Lima13Patricia Moriel14School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilSchool of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilSchool of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilSchool of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilClinical Hospital University of Campinas Campinas BrazilClinical Hospital University of Campinas Campinas BrazilClinical Hospital University of Campinas Campinas BrazilClinical Hospital University of Campinas Campinas BrazilClinical Hospital University of Campinas Campinas BrazilFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilSchool of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilSchool of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilSchool of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas BrazilAbstract The protective antioxidant activity of acetylcysteine (NAC) against toxicity due to cisplatin has been reported in experimental models; however, its efficacy in patients has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of NAC on cisplatin‐induced toxicity and the effect of NAC on clinical response and oxidative stress in patients treated for head and neck cancer. This was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial conducted in patients receiving high‐dose cisplatin chemotherapy concomitant to radiotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned to groups and received: (a) 600 mg NAC syrup, orally once daily at night for 7 consecutive days or (b) placebo, administered similarly to NAC. Nephro‐, oto‐, hepato‐, myelo‐, and gastrointestinal toxicities, clinical responses, and plasma and cellular markers of oxidative stress were evaluated. Fifty‐seven patients were included (n = 28, NAC arm; and n = 29, placebo arm). A high prevalence of most types of toxicities was observed after cisplatin chemotherapy; however, the parameters were similar between the two groups. There was a predominance of partial response to treatment. In the cellular and plasmatic oxidative stress analyses, minor differences were observed. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups for all outcomes. These findings show that low‐dose oral NAC does not protect patients with head and neck cancer from cisplatin‐induced toxicities and oxidative stress. The antitumor efficacy of cisplatin was apparently not impaired by NAC.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2072acetylcysteinecisplatinhead and neck neoplasmsoxidative stresstoxicitiesoai:doaj.org/article:f30e8ac561b748a5a3604eb81c6ea0df2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852123213210.1002/cam4.2100Using adaptive magnetic resonance image‐guided radiation therapy for treatment of inoperable pancreatic cancerSoumon Rudra0Naomi Jiang1Stephen A. Rosenberg2Jeffrey R. Olsen3Michael C. Roach4Leping Wan5Lorraine Portelance6Eric A. Mellon7Anna Bruynzeel8Frank Lagerwaard9Michael F. Bassetti10Parag J. Parikh11Percy P. Lee12Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Radiation Oncology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CaliforniaDepartment of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center Madison WisconsinDepartment of Radiation Oncology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Radiation Oncology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Radiation Oncology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miami FloridaDepartment of Radiation Oncology Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miami FloridaDepartment of Radiation Oncology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam NetherlandsDepartment of Radiation Oncology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam NetherlandsDepartment of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center Madison WisconsinDepartment of Radiation Oncology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MissouriDepartment of Radiation Oncology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CaliforniaAbstract Background Adaptive magnetic resonance imaging‐guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) can escalate dose to tumors while minimizing dose to normal tissue. We evaluated outcomes of inoperable pancreatic cancer patients treated using MRgRT with and without dose escalation. Methods We reviewed 44 patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer treated with MRgRT. Treatments included conventional fractionation, hypofractionation, and stereotactic body radiation therapy. Patients were stratified into high‐dose (biologically effective dose [BED10] >70) and standard‐dose groups (BED10 ≤70). Overall survival (OS), freedom from local failure (FFLF) and freedom from distant failure (FFDF) were evaluated using Kaplan‐Meier method. Cox regression was performed to identify predictors of OS. Acute gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity was assessed for 6 weeks after completion of RT. Results Median follow‐up was 17 months. High‐dose patients (n = 24, 55%) had statistically significant improvement in 2‐year OS (49% vs 30%, P = 0.03) and trended towards significance for 2‐year FFLF (77% vs 57%, P = 0.15) compared to standard‐dose patients (n = 20, 45%). FFDF at 18 months in high‐dose vs standard‐dose groups was 24% vs 48%, respectively (P = 0.92). High‐dose radiation (HR: 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21‐0.94; P = 0.03) and duration of induction chemotherapy (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72‐0.98; P = 0.03) were significantly correlated with OS on univariate analysis but neither factor was independently predictive on multivariate analysis. Grade 3+ GI toxicity occurred in three patients in the standard‐dose group and did not occur in the high‐dose group. Conclusions Patients treated with dose‐escalated MRgRT demonstrated improved OS. Prospective evaluation of high‐dose RT regimens with standardized treatment parameters in inoperable pancreatic cancer patients is warranted.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2100magnetic resonance imagingpancreatic cancerradiation therapyoai:doaj.org/article:e6d3474f9f274cd68adcb4e933b79eb12024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852041205510.1002/cam4.2087Digital PCR improves the quantitation of DMR and the selection of CML candidates to TKIs discontinuationSimona Bernardi0Michele Malagola1Camilla Zanaglio2Nicola Polverelli3Elif Dereli Eke4Mariella D’Adda5Mirko Farina6Cristina Bucelli7Luigi Scaffidi8Eleonora Toffoletti9Clara Deambrogi10Fabio Stagno11Micaela Bergamaschi12Luca Franceschini13Elisabetta Abruzzese14Maria Domenica Divona15Marco Gobbi16Francesco Di Raimondo17Gianluca Gaidano18Mario Tiribelli19Massimiliano Bonifacio20Chiara Cattaneo21Alessandra Iurlo22Domenico Russo23Unit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, DPT of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia ItalyUnit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, DPT of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia ItalyUnit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, DPT of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia ItalyUnit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, DPT of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia ItalyUnit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, DPT of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia ItalyDivision of Hematology ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia Brescia ItalyDivision of Hematology ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia Brescia ItalyHematology Division Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda‐Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Section of Hematology University of Verona Verona ItalyDivision of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical Area University of Udine Udine ItalyDivision of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine University of Eastern Piedmont Novara ItalyHematology Section and BMT Unit Rodolico Hospital A.O.U. Policlinico – V. EmanueleCatania ItalyClinical Hematology, Dipartimento Terapie Oncologiche Integrate Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention The University Tor Vergata Rome ItalyDivision of Hematology S. Eugenio Hospital Roma ItalyDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention The University Tor Vergata Rome ItalyClinical Hematology, Dipartimento Terapie Oncologiche Integrate Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova ItalyHematology Section and BMT Unit Rodolico Hospital A.O.U. Policlinico – V. EmanueleCatania ItalyDivision of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine University of Eastern Piedmont Novara ItalyDivision of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical Area University of Udine Udine ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Section of Hematology University of Verona Verona ItalyDivision of Hematology ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia Brescia ItalyHematology Division Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda‐Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan ItalyUnit of Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation, DPT of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia Brescia ItalyAbstract Treatment‐free remission (TFR) by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) discontinuation in patients with deep molecular response (DMR) is a paramount goal in the current chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapeutic strategy. The best DMR level by real‐time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) for TKI discontinuation is still a matter of debate. To compare the accuracy of digital PCR (dPCR) and RT‐qPCR for BCR‐ABL1 transcript levels detection, 142 CML patients were monitored for a median time of 24 months. Digital PCR detected BCR‐ABL1 transcripts in the RT‐qPCR undetectable cases. The dPCR analysis of the samples, grouped by the MR classes, revealed a significant difference between MR4.0 and MR4.5 (P = 0.0104) or MR5.0 (P = 0.0032). The clinical and hematological characteristics of the patients grouped according to DMR classes (MR4.0 vs MR4.5‐5.0) were superimposable. Conversely, patients with dPCR values <0.468 BCR‐ABL1 copies/µL (as we previously described) showed a longer DMR duration (P = 0.0220) and mainly belonged to MR4.5‐5.0 (P = 0.0442) classes compared to patients with higher dPCR values. Among the 142 patients, 111 (78%) discontinued the TKI treatment; among the 111 patients, 24 (22%) lost the MR3.0 or MR4.0. RT‐qPCR was not able to discriminate patients with higher risk of MR loss after discontinuation (P = 0.8100). On the contrary, according to dPCR, 12/25 (48%) patients with BCR‐ABL1 values ≥0.468 and 12/86 (14%) patients with BCR‐ABL1 values <0.468 lost DMR in this cohort, respectively (P = 0.0003). Treatment‐free remission of patients who discontinued TKI with a dPCR <0.468 was significantly higher compared to patients with dPCR ≥ 0.468 (TFR at 2 years 83% vs 52% P = 0.0017, respectively). In conclusion, dPCR resulted in an improved recognition of stable DMR and of candidates to TKI discontinuation.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2087chronic myeloid leukemiadigital PCR (dPCR)minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoringtreatment‐free remission (TFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) discontinuationoai:doaj.org/article:dea9fc3e6a404ff7a50d41402858c0ca2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852179218710.1002/cam4.2120Tumor mutation burden and recurrent tumors in hereditary lung cancerYi‐Chiung Hsu0Ya‐Hsuan Chang1Gee‐Chen Chang2Bing‐Ching Ho3Shin‐Sheng Yuan4Yu‐Cheng Li5Jhih‐Wun Zeng6Sung‐Liang Yu7Ker‐Chau Li8Pan‐Chyr Yang9Hsuan‐Yu Chen10Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering National Central University Taoyuan TaiwanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanDivision of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung TaiwanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanCollege of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanInstitute of Statistical Science Academia Sinica Taipei TaiwanAbstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and cancer relapse accounts for the majority of cancer mortality. The mechanism is still unknown, especially in hereditary lung cancer without known actionable mutations. To identify genetic alternations involved in hereditary lung cancer and relapse is urgently needed. We collected genetic materials from a unique hereditary lung cancer patient's blood, first cancer tissue (T1), adjacent normal tissue (N1), relapse cancer tissue (T2), and adjacent normal tissue (N2) for whole genome sequencing. We identified specific mutations in T1 and T2, and attributed them to tumorigenesis and recurrence. These tumor specific variants were enriched in antigen presentation pathway. In addition, a lung adenocarcinoma cohort from the TCGA dataset was used to confirm our findings. Patients with high mutation burdens in tumor specific genes had decreased relapse‐free survival (P = 0.017, n = 186). Our study may provide important insight for designing immunotherapeutic treatment for hereditary lung cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2120hereditary lung cancermutation loadnonsmokerrecurrencewhole genome sequencingoai:doaj.org/article:d946c3ec46cf416aa35f20856b4728c12024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852031204010.1002/cam4.2075Increased LGALS3 expression independently predicts shorter overall survival in patients with the proneural subtype of glioblastomaXia He0Sunfu Zhang1Junchen Chen2Dekang Li3Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center/Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital Chengdu ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery The First People's Hospital of Yibin Yibin ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery Sichuan Bayi Rehabilitation Center/Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital Chengdu ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery The First People's Hospital of Yibin Yibin ChinaAbstract In the current study, we tried to study the expression of LGALS3 and LGALS3BP, their potential as prognostic markers and the possible genetic/epigenetic mechanisms underlying their dysregulation in different subtypes of glioblastoma (GBM). An in silico retrospective study was performed using large online databases. Results showed that LGALS3 and LGALS3BP were upregulated at both RNA and protein levels in GBM tissue and were generally associated with shorter overall survival (OS) in GBM patients. However, in subgroup analysis, we only found the association in proneural subtype. The copy number alterations did not necessarily lead to LGALS3/LGALS3BP dysregulation. In the proneural subtype of GBM patients, hypermethylation of the two CpG sites (cg19099850 and cg17403875) was associated with significantly lower expression of LGALS3. In univariate and multivariate analysis, LGALS3 expression independently predicted shorter OS in the proneural subtype of GBM (HR: 1.487, 95% CI: 1.229‐1.798, P < 0.001), after adjustment of age, gender, IDH1 mutations, temozolomide chemotherapy, radiotherapy and LGALS3BP expression. In comparison, LGALS3BP lost the prognostic value in multivariate analysis. Based on these findings, we infer that LGALS3 expression serves as an independent biomarker of shorter OS in the proneural subtype of GBM, the expression of which might be regulated in an epigenetic manner.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2075glioblastomaLGALS3LGALS3BPproneural subtypeoai:doaj.org/article:d50a7c777da747629bb5d3a6a0d10ed62024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852064207310.1002/cam4.2091Fixed combination of oral NEPA (netupitant‐palonosetron) for the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving multiple cycles of chemotherapy: Efficacy data from 2 randomized, double‐blind phase III studiesLee Schwartzberg0Meinolf Karthaus1Giorgia Rossi2Giada Rizzi3Maria E. Borroni4Hope S. Rugo5Karin Jordan6Vincent Hansen7West Cancer Center Memphis TennesseeStaedt. Klinikum Neuperlach and Harlaching Munich GermanyHelsinn Healthcare SA Lugano SwitzerlandHelsinn Healthcare SA Lugano SwitzerlandHelsinn Healthcare SA Lugano SwitzerlandUniversity of California San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center San Francisco CaliforniaDepartment of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology University of Heidelberg GermanyNorthern Utah Associates Ogden UtahAbstract Aim To assess the efficacy of oral NEPA (netupitant‐palonosetron 300/0.50 mg) over multiple chemotherapy cycles. Methods Two randomized phase III studies evaluated a single dose of oral NEPA given on day 1 in chemotherapy‐naive patients receiving anthracycline‐cyclophosphamide (AC)–based (Study 1) or highly (HEC)/moderately (MEC) emetogenic chemotherapy (safety Study 2). Oral NEPA was compared with oral palonosetron 0.50 mg (Study 1) or oral aprepitant 125 mg day 1, 80 mg days 2‐3/palonosetron 0.50 mg (Study 2; no formal statistical comparisons). Oral dexamethasone was administered in all treatment groups. Complete response (CR; no emesis/no rescue medication), no emesis, and no significant nausea (NSN) rates during acute (0‐24 h) and delayed (>24‐120 h) phases of chemotherapy cycles 1‐4 in each study were evaluated. Results In Study 1, 1450 patients received 5969 chemotherapy cycles; in Study 2, 412 patients received 1961 chemotherapy cycles. In each study, ≥75% of patients completed 4 or more cycles. In Study 1, oral NEPA was superior to palonosetron in preventing chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in the acute and delayed phases of cycle 1, with higher rates of CR (all P < 0.05), no emesis (all P < 0.05), and NSN (delayed phase P < 0.05 cycles 1, 2, and 4) reported across 4 cycles. In Study 2, oral NEPA had numerically higher CR and NSN rates in the acute and delayed phases than aprepitant‐palonosetron in MEC/HEC patients. Conclusion Oral NEPA was highly effective in preventing both acute and delayed CINV over multiple chemotherapy cycles of HEC, AC, and MEC regimens. Clinical trial registration numbers Study 1, NCT01339260; Study 2, NCT01376297.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2091CINVdelayed phaseefficacymultiple cyclesNEPAnetupitantoai:doaj.org/article:d049a907c8c24782a93669ccf70a85582024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852104211310.1002/cam4.2097Circulating PD‐1 (+) cells may participate in immune evasion in peripheral T‐cell lymphoma and chidamide enhance antitumor activity of PD‐1 (+) cellsWei Zhang0Haorui Shen1Yan Zhang2Wei Wang3Shaoxuan Hu4Dongmei Zou5Daobin Zhou6Department of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaDepartment of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaDepartment of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaDepartment of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaDepartment of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaDepartment of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaDepartment of Hematology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. ChinaAbstract Peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous disease with poor outcomes. We intend to explore the role of circulating PD‐1 (+) cells in tumor immune evasion in PTCL patients and the mechanism of chidamide as a regulator of immune‐associated medicine on PD‐1 (+) cells. Gene expression profiling (GEP) was performed on circulating PD‐1 (+) cells from 22 PTCL patients and 13 healthy subjects, and circulating PD‐1 (−) cells from 2 PTCL patients. PD‐1 (+) cells were treated with chidamide, and the production IFN‐γ and cytotoxicity were analyzed. GEP were performed on circulating PD‐1 (+) cells from 2 PTCL patients treated with chidamide combined with chemotherapy and 1 patient treated with traditional chemotherapy. GEP showed that genes associated with innate immune response were abnormally expressed in PD‐1 (+) cells of PTCL patients compared with healthy subjects, meanwhile the expression of CTLA‐4 was significantly higher in PD‐1 (+) cells than that of PD‐1 (−) cells. In vitro study revealed decreased level of IFN‐γ secretion and impaired cytotoxic activity of PD‐1 (+) cells compared with PD‐1 (−) cells, while chidamide could recover the deficiencies and upregulate adaptive immune‐associated genes in PD‐1 (+) cells of PTCL patients. Our research indicated that PD‐1 (+) cells might have deficiencies in innate and adaptive immune response and chidamide may reverse the defects.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2097adaptive immunechidamideinnate immuneperipheral T‐cell lymphomaprogrammed cell death‐1oai:doaj.org/article:a3079d78d25b4fec94904f7ade4a7fff2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852013201910.1002/cam4.2064Impact of molecular testing in clinical practice in gynecologic cancersMarilyn Huang0Tegan Hunter1Brian Slomovitz2Matthew Schlumbrecht3Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FloridaUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FloridaDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FloridaDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FloridaAbstract Background With the growing understanding of the molecular and genetic profiles of cancers, targeted treatments are increasingly utilized in personalized cancer care. The objective of this study was to determine how these advances have translated into practice by examining how often molecular profiling of gynecological tumors led to treatment changes. Methods We identified women with gynecological cancers at our institution who had molecular tumor testing performed from November 2014 to June 2017. Clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records. We determined (a) if molecular profiling identified actionable targets for which therapy is available, and (b) whether the patient's treatment course changed as a result of molecular profiling. Chi‐square, Wilcoxon rank‐sum, and Fisher's exact tests were used with a P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results We identified 152 patients with gynecologic cancers who underwent molecular profiling. Of the 152 patients, 116 (76.3%) had actionable mutations identified, with 41 (35.3%) patients having a treatment change. Stratified by cancer type, molecular profiling most frequently identified an actionable target in patients with endometrial cancer (73.6%). Changes in treatment occurred most frequently in patients with endometrial cancer, 22 (56.4%), and ovarian cancers, 16 (39%), as compared to patients with cervical and vulvar cancer (P = 0.02). Of those patients who received a change in treatment, 39 patients (95.1%) received an FDA‐approved therapeutic agent, while two patients (4.8%) were enrolled in a clinical trial. Conclusion Molecular profiling in gynecologic cancers often identified at least one actionable mutation; however, only in a minority of these cases was the course of treatment changed. Further studies are needed to elucidate optimal timing for testing to best utilize actionable information.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2064cervical cancerendometrial cancergynecologic cancersNext generation sequenceovarian cancerpersonalized medicineoai:doaj.org/article:9dad7598d2bc4839b7b556f615129ba32024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852167217810.1002/cam4.2117Survey of dentin sialophosphoprotein and its cognate matrix metalloproteinase‐20 in human cancersJaya Aseervatham0Saxena Geetu1Charles C. Anunobi2Komal Koli3Kalu U. E. Ogbureke4Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston Houston TexasDepartment of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston Houston TexasDepartment of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos NigeriaDepartment of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston Houston TexasDepartment of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston Houston TexasAbstract Background Matrix metalloproteinases‐20 (MMP20) expression is widely regarded as tooth specific, with expression limited to dental hard tissues. Recently, we reported MMP20 expression and interaction with dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), a member of the Small Integrin Binding Ligand N‐linked Glycoproteins (SIBLINGs), in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and dysplastic oral premalignant lesions (OPLs), suggesting a role for MMP20‐DSPP interaction in oral carcinogenesis. Methods This study aimed to survey the expression of MMP20 and its cognate DSPP partner in the breast, colon, prostate, thyroid, and cervical neoplasms. Using commercially available tissue microarrays (TMAs) and cell lines, we performed immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, proximity ligation assay, and western blot experiments to determine the expressions of MMP20 and DSPP in the breast, colon, prostate, thyroid, cervical neoplasms, and their normal counterparts. Results Significantly high expression levels of MMP20 and DSPP were observed in the malignant breast, colon, prostate, thyroid, and cervical neoplasms compared with their benign and normal counterparts. Furthermore, MMP20 levels increased with advanced stages of colon and thyroid cancers. DSPP expression increased significantly with tumor stage in all cancers examined. Conclusions The co‐localization and potential MMP20‐DSPP interaction previously reported in oral cancers are present in other cancers. These results suggest MMP20‐DSPP pairing as a potential marker of disease activity in some epithelial cancers with diagnostic and prognostic implications.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2117cancerdentin sialophosphoproteinimmunofluorescenceimmunohistochemistryin situ proximity ligation assayMMP20oai:doaj.org/article:9cba22f40c924004835e8a01de599ccf2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852114212210.1002/cam4.2098Genotype‐phenotype correlation in 99 familial adenomatous polyposis patients: A prospective prevention protocolJunea C. de Oliveira0Danilo V. Viana1Cleyton Zanardo2Erika M. M. Santos3André E. de Paula4Edenir I. Palmero5Benedito M. Rossi6Oncogenetics Department Barretos Cancer Hospital Barretos SP BrazilOncogenetics Department Barretos Cancer Hospital Barretos SP BrazilBiostatistics Department Barretos Cancer Hospital Barretos SP BrazilCancer Genetics, Oncology Department Sírio Libanes Hospital São Paulo BrazilCenter of Molecular Diagnosis Barretos Cancer Hospital Barretos SP BrazilCenter of Molecular Diagnosis Barretos Cancer Hospital Barretos SP BrazilCancer Genetics, Oncology Department Sírio Libanes Hospital São Paulo BrazilAbstract Background Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a syndrome caused by germline pathogenic variants in the tumor suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). Identification of APC pathogenic variants sites and the genotype‐phenotype correlation are important for characterizing, monitoring, and treating members of affected families. The aim of this study was to correlate genotype‐phenotype of Brazilian individuals carrying APC pathogenic germline variants and that have FAP. Methods The polyposis phenotype of 99 individuals from 35 families between July 2013 and December 2014 were prospectively evaluated based on the InSIGHT polyposis staging classification. Seven extra‐colonic manifestations were assessed and the clinical manifestations correlated with the APC genotype. Results The age of the study participants ranged from 12 to 67 years (median of 29 years). Twenty‐six APC pathogenic variants were identified. Fifty‐five cases harbored nonsense pathogenic variants (55.6%). Frameshift alterations were noted in 39 cases (39.4%). Aberrant splicing was noted in 1 case (1%). Rearrangements were observed in 3 cases (3%). An association between nonsense variants and rearrangement was noted in 1 case (1%). The genotype‐phenotype correlation analysis led the identification of classic FAP in 94 cases (94.9%). Profuse polyposis was identified in 5 cases (5.1%). Thirty‐six cases were diagnosed with cancer of which 29 cases (80.6%) were colorectal cancer, 1 case (2.7%) was brain cancer, 4 cases (11.2%) were papillary thyroid cancer, and 2 cases (5.5%) were stomach cancer. The extra‐colonic manifestations included 9 individuals with desmoids tumors, 10 with osteomas, and 9 with congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. Conclusions The genotype‐phenotype correlation in Brazilian individuals with FAP revealed specific findings not previously reported for other cohorts, demonstrating the relevance of knowledge regarding the variable pathogenic variants and clinical presentation in different populations for adequate individual clinical management of patients harboring this medical condition.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2098adenomatous polyposis colicolorectal neoplasmsgenotypegermline pathogenic variantsphenotypeoai:doaj.org/article:8961c7e318354b0f8d36b67ef0e76d182024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852085209410.1002/cam4.2094Effect of S‐1 on survival outcomes in 838 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: A 7‐year multicenter observational cohort study in TaiwanHsiang‐Lan Lai0Yen‐Yang Chen1Chang‐Hsien Lu2Chia‐Yen Hung3Yung‐Chia Kuo4Jen‐Shi Chen5Hung‐Chih Hsu6Ping‐Tsung Chen7Pei‐Hung Chang8Yu‐Shin Hung9Wen‐Chi Chou10Division of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Kaohsiung Kaohsiung TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Kaohsiung Kaohsiung TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi Chiayi TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi Chiayi TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung Keelung TaiwanDivision of Hematology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan TaiwanDivision of Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan TaiwanAbstract Objective Studies have rarely explored the efficacy of S‐1 in treating advanced pancreatic cancer outside Japan. This study compared the survival outcomes of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with S‐1 with the survival outcomes of those without S‐1 treatment before and after S‐1 reimbursement was introduced in Taiwan in June of 2014. Method We retrospectively analyzed 838 patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer who underwent palliative chemotherapy from 2010 to 2016 at 4 institutes in Taiwan. For survival analysis, patients were categorized into two groups according to whether they received S‐1 treatment as palliative chemotherapy after diagnosis: (a) S‐1‐treated (n = 335) and (b) non‐S‐1‐treated (n = 503) groups. Results The median overall survival was longer in the S‐1‐treated group than in the non‐S‐1‐treated group (10.7 vs 6.0 mo, P < 0.001). Subgroup survival analyses showed that the S‐1‐treated group had more favorable outcomes than the non‐S‐1‐treated group in terms of stage III (19.6 vs 10.1 mo, P < 0.001) and stage IV (8.5 vs 5.3 mo, P < 0.001) disease. The disease control rates were 43.6% and 32.8% (P < 0.001) in patients treated with and without S‐1 in the first‐line setting, respectively. In multivariate analysis, exposure to S‐1 treatment was an independent prognosticator for survival. Conclusion Our results support the clinical use of S‐1 as the treatment of choice for patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer, particularly in resource‐limited situations.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2094palliative chemotherapypancreatic cancerS‐1survival outcomeoai:doaj.org/article:857ad0521e1d4fa8a1afe2faf4d897022024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852074208410.1002/cam4.2093Germline mutation landscape of Chinese patients with familial breast/ovarian cancer in a panel of 22 susceptibility genesJiayu Wang0Weiwei Li1Yujian Shi2Yan Huang3Tao Sun4Lili Tang5Qing Lu6Qiumo Lei7Ning Liao8Feng Jin9Hui Li10Tao Huang11Jun Qian12Danmei Pang13Shusen Wang14Peizhi Fan15Xinhong Wu16Ying Lin17Haiyan Qin18Binghe Xu19State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing ChinaTop Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. Guangzhou ChinaTop Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology Liaoning Cancer Hospital Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery West China Hospital of Sichuan university Chengdu ChinaDepartment of Breast The Third Hospital of Nanchang Nanchang ChinaDepartment of Breast Guangdong General Hospital Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery The First Hospital of China Medical university Shenyang ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery SiChuan Cancer Hospital Chengdu Sichuan ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery The First affiliated Hospital of bengbu medical college Benghu ChinaDepartment of breast cancer oncology Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen Unversity Foshan ChinaSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Breast Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Breast Hubei Cancer Hospital Benghu ChinaDepartment of Breast the First affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen Unversity Guangzhou ChinaTop Gene Tech (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. Guangzhou ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Abstract Genetic testing for germline mutations in BRCA1/2 of patients with breast cancer (BC) is part of routine patient care. However, BRCA1/2 mutations account only for a fraction of familial BC. A custom panel of 22 gene sequencing was performed on each patient. Among the 481 female patients, 135 patients were detected to carry pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) mutations (28.1%), which corresponded to 12 different cancer predisposition genes [14.6% (70/481) on BRCA1 gene, 5.0% (24/481) on BRCA2 gene, 8.5% (41/481) on non‐BRCA1/2 genes]. Moreover, 24.7% (119/481) of patients had mutation of unknown significance (VUS) in these genes. The most common (8/481) pathogenic mutation is BRCA1 c.5470_5477del, while BRIP1 2392 C > T of patients was detected. All the mutations detected were mainly seen in the homologous recombinant repair pathway. Compared to BRCA2 mutation, BRCA1 mutation is higher in younger female patients (P < 0.01). Some pathogenic mutations were detected in the patients’ familiy members without the past history of tumor and 92 novel mutations were detected (31 on BRCA including 2 P, 16 LP, 13 VUS; 61 on non‐BRCA1/2 including 9 LP, 52 VUS). The detection rate of BRCA1/2 mutations was higher in patients with three or more cancer family members than those with one or two. However, the difference was not statistically different. The results suggest that multigene panel testing can increase mutation detection rate for high‐risk BC patients. Detailed family history can help to categorize new mutations.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2093BRCA1BRCA2familial breast cancermultigenesnovel mutationoai:doaj.org/article:802d78882fa24ba7ba61619140790c432024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852146215610.1002/cam4.2110Clinical and histopathological characteristics and survival analysis of 4594 Japanese patients with melanomaYasuhiro Fujisawa0Shusuke Yoshikawa1Akane Minagawa2Tatsuya Takenouchi3Kenji Yokota4Hiroshi Uchi5Naoki Noma6Yasuhiro Nakamura7Jun Asai8Junji Kato9Susumu Fujiwara10Satoshi Fukushima11Jiro Uehara12Toshihiko Hoashi13Tatsuya Kaji14Taku Fujimura15Kenjiro Namikawa16Manabu Yoshioka17Naoki Murao18Dai Ogata19Kanako Matsuyama20Naohito Hatta21Yoshitsugu Shibayama22Toshiharu Fujiyama23Masashi Ishikawa24Daisuke Yamada25Akiko Kishi26Yoshiyuki Nakamura27Takatoshi Shimiauchi28Kazuyasu Fujii29Manabu Fujimoto30Hironobu Ihn31Norito Katoh32Japanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanJapanese Melanoma Study Group Tsukuba JapanDepartment of Dermatology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanPrognosis and Statistical Investigation Committee of the Japanese Skin Cancer Society Kumamoto JapanPrognosis and Statistical Investigation Committee of the Japanese Skin Cancer Society Kumamoto JapanDepartment of Dermatology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanPrognosis and Statistical Investigation Committee of the Japanese Skin Cancer Society Kumamoto JapanPrognosis and Statistical Investigation Committee of the Japanese Skin Cancer Society Kumamoto JapanAbstract Background The incidence of melanoma among those of an Asian ethnicity is lower than in Caucasians; few large‐scale Asian studies that include follow‐up data have been reported. Objectives To investigate the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with melanoma and to evaluate the prognostic factors. Methods Detailed patient information was collected from the database of Japanese Melanoma Study Group of the Japanese Skin Cancer Society. The American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh Edition system was used for TNM classification. The Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the impact of clinical and histological parameters on disease‐specific survival in patients with invasive melanoma. Results In total, 4594 patients were included in this analysis. The most common clinical type was acral lentiginous melanoma (40.4%) followed by superficial spreading melanoma (20.5%), nodular melanoma (10.0%), mucosal melanoma (9.5%), and lentigo maligna melanoma (8.1%). The 5‐year disease‐specific survival for each stage was as follows: IA = 98.0%, IB = 93.9%, IIA = 94.8%, IIB = 82.4%, IIC = 71.8%, IIIA = 75.0%, IIIB = 61.3%, IIIC = 41.7%, and IV = 17.7%. Although multivariate analysis showed that clinical classifications were not associated with survival across all stages, acral type was an independent poor prognostic factor in stage IIIA. Conclusions Our study revealed the characteristics of melanoma in the Japanese population. The 5‐year disease‐specific survival of each stage showed a similar trend to that of Caucasians. While clinical classification was not associated with survival in any stages, acral type was associated with poor survival in stage IIIA. Our result might indicate the aggressiveness of acral type in certain populations.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2110acralAsianEpidemiologyJapaneseMelanomamucosaloai:doaj.org/article:70dd1cf1b94f4247916675864a9499dd2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852095210310.1002/cam4.2096The effect of adopting pediatric protocols in adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric vs adult centers: An IMPACT Cohort studySumit Gupta0Jason D. Pole1Nancy N. Baxter2Rinku Sutradhar3Cindy Lau4Chenthila Nagamuthu5Paul C. Nathan6Division of Hematology/Oncology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario CanadaCancer Research Program Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Toronto Ontario CanadaCancer Research Program Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Toronto Ontario CanadaCancer Research Program Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Toronto Ontario CanadaCancer Research Program Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Toronto Ontario CanadaCancer Research Program Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Toronto Ontario CanadaDivision of Hematology/Oncology The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario CanadaAbstract Background Retrospective studies have shown adolescents and young adults (AYA) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have superior survival when treated in pediatric versus adult centers (locus of care; LOC). Several adult centers recently adopted pediatric protocols. Whether this has narrowed LOC disparities in real–world settings is unknown. Methods The IMPACT Cohort is an Ontario population–based cohort that captured demographic, disease and treatment (treatment protocol, chemotherapy doses) data for all 15‐21 year olds diagnosed with ALL 1992‐2011. Cancer outcomes were determined by chart abstraction and linkage to provincial healthcare databases. Treatment protocols were classified as pediatric‐ or adult‐based. We examined predictors of outcome, including LOC, protocol, disease biology, and time period. Results Of 271 patients, 152 (56%) received therapy at adult centers. 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS ± SE) among AYA at pediatric vs adult centers was 72% ± 4% vs 56% ± 4% (P = 0.03); 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 82% ± 4% vs 64% ± 4% (P < 0.001). After adjustment, OS remained inferior at adult centers (hazard ratio 2.5; 95% confidence interval 1.1‐6.1; P = 0.04). In the most recent period (2006‐2011), 39/59 (66%) AYA treated at adult centers received pediatric protocols. These AYA had outcomes superior to the 20 AYA treated on adult protocols, but inferior to the 44 AYA treated at pediatric centers (EFS 72% ± 5% vs 60% ± 9% vs 81% ± 6%; P = 0.02; OS 77% ± 7% vs 65% ± 11% vs 91% ± 4%; P = 0.004). Induction deaths and treatment–related mortality did not vary by LOC. Conclusions Survival disparities between AYA with ALL treated in pediatric vs adult centers have persisted over time, partially attributable to incomplete adoption of pediatric protocols by adult centers. Although pediatric protocol use has improved survival, residual disparities remain, perhaps due to other differences in care between adult and pediatric centers.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2096acute lymphobastic leukemiaadolescents and young adultslocus of carepopulation‐basedsurvivaloai:doaj.org/article:6f459ec7d1b4497490efd2c6e2674a6e2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852157216610.1002/cam4.2111Screening of MSI detection loci and their heterogeneity in East Asian colorectal cancer patientsWenqi Bai0Jinfeng Ma1Yangyang Liu2Jing Liang3Yueqin Wu4Xuanqin Yang5Enwei Xu6Yan Li7Yanfeng Xi8Department of Colorectal Surgery Shanxi Cancer Hospital Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaDepartment of General Surgery Shanxi Cancer Hospital Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaDepartment of Oncology Union hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaGraduate School of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaDepartment of Pathology Shanxi Cancer Hospital Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaDepartment of Pathology Shanxi Cancer Hospital Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaDepartment of Pathology Shanxi Cancer Hospital Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaDepartment of Pathology Union hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan P.R. ChinaDepartment of Pathology Shanxi Cancer Hospital Taiyuan, Shanxi P.R. ChinaAbstract Objective This study aims to screen the MSI detection loci suitable for the East Asian colorectal cancer patients. and explore its intratumoral heterogeneity. Methods A total of 271 pathological tissues specimens of colorectal cancer were collected. The MSI status was detected using different PCR reagent kits with different detection loci. Then, the results were compared with the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining results. Microdissection of pathological tissues specimens detected to be MSI‐H was performed to examine whether there was intratumoral heterogeneity of MSI status. Results Thirty‐nine out of 271 cases were dMMR. dMMR occurred mostly in patients with right‐hemi colon cancer (P < 0.0001). Compared with dMMR patients, the clinical stages of pMMR patients were more inclined to be in the late stage with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.0001). MSI‐H tumors were significantly associated with KRAS mutation (P = 0.036) and PD‐L1 expression (P = 0.038). Compared with Promega panel and 24‐locus detection, the consistency between NCI MSI panel and IHC staining results were the highest with the Kappa value of 0.850. The sensitivity of detection decreased from 87.18% to 56.41% with the increase in detection loci. Single locus analysis showed that the first two loci with the highest sensitivity were both mononucleotide loci, namely, BAT‐26 (95.45%) and BAT‐25 (86.36%). The dinucleotide locus with highest sensitivity was D2S123 (50%). The main detection loci of MSI‐H showed no intratumoral heterogeneity. Conclusion The combination of 2 mononucleotide loci (BAT25, BAT26) and 3 dinucleotide loci (D2S123, D5S346, D17S250) might be the most suitable loci for MSI detection in East Asian population. There is no intratumoral heterogeneity in the main MSI loci.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2111colorectal cancerintratumoral heterogeneitymicrosatellite instabilityoai:doaj.org/article:6ad5f234f3404131af100b2d75fac4ea2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01851996200410.1002/cam4.2036Hyperammonemia after capecitabine associated with occult impairment of the urea cycleGilbert Chu0Julia Salzman1Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CaliforniaDepartment of Biochemistry Stanford University Stanford CaliforniaAbstract Background Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy often complain of “chemobrain” or cognitive impairment, but mechanisms remain elusive. Methods A patient with gastric cancer developed delirium and hyperammonemia after chemotherapy with the 5‐fluorouracil pro‐drug capecitabine. Exome sequencing facilitated a search for mutations among 43 genes associated with hyperammonemia and affecting the urea cycle directly or indirectly. Results The patient's urea cycle was impaired by capecitabine‐induced liver steatosis, and portosystemic shunting of gut ammonia into the systemic circulation. The patient was also heterozygous for amino acid substitution mutations previously reported to create dysfunctional proteins in 2 genes, ORNT2 (ornithine transporter‐2 for the urea cycle), and ETFA (electron transport flavoprotein alpha for fatty acid oxidation). The mutations explained the patient's abnormal plasma amino acid profile and exaggerated response to allopurinol challenge. Global population variations among the 43 hyperammonemia genes were assessed for inactivating mutations, and for amino acid substitutions predicted to be deleterious by complementary algorithms, SIFT and PolyPhen‐2. One or 2 deleterious mutations occur among the 43 genes in 13.9% and 1% of individuals, respectively. Conclusions Capecitabine and 5‐fluorouracil inhibit pyrimidine biosynthesis, decreasing ammonia utilization. These drugs can induce hyperammonemia in susceptible individuals. The risk factors of hyperammonemia, gene mutations and liver dysfunction, are not rare. Diagnosis will trigger appropriate treatment and ameliorate brain toxicity.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2036oai:doaj.org/article:3f3e81b321ee438eab5d990987a035b22024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01851958197510.1002/cam4.2108Traditional Chinese medicine as a cancer treatment: Modern perspectives of ancient but advanced scienceYuening Xiang0Zimu Guo1Pengfei Zhu2Jia Chen3Yongye Huang4College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang ChinaCollege of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang ChinaCollege of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang ChinaCollege of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang ChinaCollege of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang ChinaAbstract Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years and at the present time is widely accepted as an alternative treatment for cancer. In this review, we sought to summarize the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive and therapeutic activity of TCM, especially that of the Chinese herbal medicine‐derived phytochemicals curcumin, resveratrol, and berberine. Numerous genes have been reported to be involved when using TCM treatments and so we have selectively highlighted the role of a number of oncogene and tumor suppressor genes in TCM therapy. In addition, the impact of TCM treatment on DNA methylation, histone modification, and the regulation of noncoding RNAs is discussed. Furthermore, we have highlighted studies of TCM therapy that modulate the tumor microenvironment and eliminate cancer stem cells. The information compiled in this review will serve as a solid foundation to formulate hypotheses for future studies on TCM‐based cancer therapy.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2108cancer stem cellsepigeneticsmicroenvironmentoncogenetraditional Chinese medicineoai:doaj.org/article:1cc3393c017c48889df81d998ea79a642024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852133214510.1002/cam4.2103Methylation analysis of Gasdermin E shows great promise as a biomarker for colorectal cancerJoe Ibrahim0Ken Op de Beeck1Erik Fransen2Lieselot Croes3Matthias Beyens4Arvid Suls5Wim Vanden Berghe6Marc Peeters7Guy Van Camp8Centre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumCentre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumCentre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumCentre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumCentre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumCentre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumLaboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp BelgiumCentre for Oncological Research University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumCentre of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital Edegem BelgiumAbstract In addition to its implication in hereditary hearing loss, the Gasdermin E (GSDME) gene is also a tumor suppressor involved in cancer progression through programmed cell death. GSDME epigenetic silencing through methylation has been shown in some cancer types, but studies are yet to fully explore its diagnostic/prognostic potential in colorectal cancer on a large‐scale. We used public data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to investigate differences in GSDME methylation and expression between colorectal cancer and normal colorectal tissue, and between left‐ and right‐sided colorectal cancers in 432 samples. We also explored GSDME's diagnostic capacity as a biomarker for colorectal cancer. We observed differential methylation in all 22 GSDME CpGs between tumor and normal tissues, and in 18 CpGs between the left‐ and right‐sided groups. In the cancer tissue, putative promoter probes were hypermethylated and gene body probes were hypomethylated, while this pattern was inversed in normal tissues. Both putative promoter and gene body CpGs correlated well together but formed distinct methylation patterns with the putative promoter exhibiting the most pronounced methylation differences between tumor and normal tissues. Clinicopathological parameters, excluding age, did not show any effect on CpG methylation. Although the methylation of 5 distinct probes was a good predictor of gene expression, we could not identify an association between GSDME methylation and expression in general. Survival analysis showed no association between GSDME methylation and expression on 5‐year patient survival. Through logistic regression, we identified a combination of 2 CpGs, that can discriminate between cancer and normal tissue with high accuracy (AUC = 0.95) irrespective of age and tumor stage. We also validated our model in 3 external methylation datasets, from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and similar results were reached. Our results suggest that GSDME is a promising biomarker for the detection of colorectal cancer.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2103BiomarkerColorectal cancerDiagnosisDNA methylationGSDMEoai:doaj.org/article:1ac96392361c45e28bc216058adc8d5a2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852056206310.1002/cam4.2090The prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome treated with 5‐azacytidine: Results from the Hellenic 5‐azacytidine registryPanagiotis Diamantopoulos0Dafni Koumbi1Ioannis Kotsianidis2Vasiliki Pappa3Argiris Symeonidis4Athanasios Galanopoulos5Panagiotis Zikos6Helen A. Papadaki7Panayiotis Panayiotidis8Maria Dimou9Eleftheria Hatzimichael10George Vassilopoulos11Susan Delimpasis12Despoina Mparmparousi13Sotirios Papageorgiou14Eleni Variami15Marie‐Christine Kyrtsonis16Aekaterini Megalakaki17Maria Kotsopoulou18Panagiotis Repousis19Ioannis Adamopoulos20Flora Kontopidou21Dimitrios Christoulas22Alexandra Kourakli23Dimitrios Tsokanas24Menelaos Konstantinos Papoutselis25Georgios Kyriakakis26Nora‐Athina Viniou27the Hellenic MDS study groupHematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceInstitute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos Athens GreeceDepartment of Hematology University Hospital of Alexandroupolis Alexandroupoli GreeceHaematology Division, Second Department of Internal Medicine Attikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceDepartment of Internal Medicine University Hospital of Patras Rio GreeceDepartment of Clinical Hematology 'G. Gennimatas' District General Hospital Athens GreeceDepartment of Hematology 'St Andrew' General Hospital Patras GreeceHaematology Laboratory, School of Medicine University of Crete GreeceFirst Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceFirst Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceDepartment of Haematology University of Ioannina Ioannina GreeceDepartment of Hematology Larissa University Hospital, University of Thessalia Larissa GreeceDepartment of Hematology Evangelismos Hospital Athens GreeceHematology Laboratory Alexandra General Hospital Athens GreeceHaematology Division, Second Department of Internal Medicine Attikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceHematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceFirst Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceDepartment of Hematology Metaxa Anticancer Hospital Piraeus GreeceDepartment of Hematology Metaxa Anticancer Hospital Piraeus GreeceDepartment of Hematology Metaxa Anticancer Hospital Piraeus GreeceGeneral Hospital of Kalamata GreeceSecond Department of Internal Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokratio General Hospital Athens GreeceDepartment of Hematology 251 General Air‐Force Hospital Athens GreeceDepartment of Internal Medicine University Hospital of Patras Rio GreeceDepartment of Clinical Hematology 'G. Gennimatas' District General Hospital Athens GreeceDepartment of Hematology University Hospital of Alexandroupolis Alexandroupoli GreeceHematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceHematology Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens GreeceAbstract In patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities has not yet been fully elucidated, except for isochromosome 17q that has been characterized as an intermediate risk abnormality in the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS‐R). To further characterize the prognostic significance of chromosome 17 abnormalities we analyzed the hematologic and prognostic characteristics of 548 adult patients with MDS treated with 5‐azacytidine through the Hellenic 5‐azacytidine registry and found 32 patients with a chromosome 17 abnormality (6 with i[17q], 15 with ‐17, 3 with add[17p] and the rest with other rarer abnormalities, mostly translocations). The presence of a chromosome 17 abnormality was correlated with poor prognostic features (high IPSS, IPSS‐R, and WPSS scores) and a low overall survival rate (15.7 vs 36.4 months for patients without chromosome 17 abnormalities, Kaplan–Meier, Log Rank P < 0.00001), but these results were confounded by the fact that most (92.3%) of the cases with a chromosome 17 abnormality (with the exception of i(17q) that was found in all cases as an isolated abnormality) were found in the context of a complex karyotype. Nevertheless, one should not ignore the contribution of chromosome 17 abnormalities to the prognostic significance of a complex karyotype since 33.8% of complex karyotypes encompassed a chromosome 17 abnormality.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.20905‐azacytidinechromosome 17 abnormalitymyelodysplastic syndromeoai:doaj.org/article:19733afa175e4cd9a5ff1a9b2380dc862024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01851976199510.1002/cam4.2112Role of cytokines in combinatorial immunotherapeutics of non‐small cell lung cancer through systems perspectivePragya Misra0Shailza Singh1National Centre for Cell Science SP Pune University Campus Pune IndiaNational Centre for Cell Science SP Pune University Campus Pune IndiaAbstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of deaths related to cancer and accounts for more than a million deaths per year. Various new strategies have been developed and adapted for treatment; still the survival for 5 years is just 16% in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Most of these strategies to combat NSCLC whether it is a drug molecule or immunotherapy/vaccine candidate require a big cost and time. Integration of computational modeling with systems biology has opened new avenues for understanding complex cancer biology. Resolving the complex interactions of various pathways and their crosstalk leading to oncogenic changes could identify new therapeutic targets with lesser cost and time. Herein, this review provides an overview of various aspects of NSCLC along with available strategies for its cure concluding with our insight into how systems approach could serve as a therapeutic intervention dissecting the immunologic parameters and cross talk between various pathways involved.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2112EGFRIL‐1RBMAPKNF‐kBNSCLCsystems biologyoai:doaj.org/article:0b4bf24119304104a4e7f093494e0c0f2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852005201210.1002/cam4.2062Re‐exploring immune‐related side effects of docetaxel in an observational study: Blood hypereosinophiliaDiaddin Hamdan0Christophe Leboeuf1Christine Le Foll2Guilhem Bousquet3Anne Janin4Medical Oncology Department Grand Hospital of East Francilien‐Marne‐la‐Vallée Jossigny FranceUMR_S1165, Inserm University of Paris‐Diderot Paris FranceMedical Oncology Department Grand Hospital of East Francilien‐Marne‐la‐Vallée Jossigny FranceUMR_S1165, Inserm University of Paris‐Diderot Paris FranceUMR_S1165, Inserm University of Paris‐Diderot Paris FranceAbstract Docetaxel is a major anticancer drug that can induce hypersensitivity reactions leading to deleterious treatment interruptions. Blood hypereosinophilia could be a biological sign, potentially lethal, of delayed visceral hypersensitivity reactions. We hypothesized this biological event is probably underreported. In this prospective observational study, we followed up 149 patients treated with docetaxel monotherapy for breast or lung cancer. For each patient, blood eosinophil counts were recorded during docetaxel treatment and up to 3 months after the end of docetaxel treatment. For all patients, blood eosinophil counts significantly increased under docetaxel chemotherapy (P < 0.01). Seven percent had persistent eosinophilia after the end of treatment. Four patients had blood eosinophil counts over 1000/mm3 with severe cardiac, cutaneous and digestive toxicities, and docetaxel imputability was confirmed using drug‐imputability scales. For two of these four patients, tissue biopsies were performed during the time of hypereosinophilia and of severe toxicities. Specific immunostainings and electron microscopy found numerous degranulating mast cells and eosinophils. Our study demonstrated that eosinophilia is frequent under docetaxel and could lead to severe complications, implicating eosinophils and mast cells, and possibly IgE. One way of treating hypersensitivity reactions could be by targeting IgEs with omalizumab, an anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of severe allergic asthma, and successfully used in food and poison‐induced anaphylactic reactions.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2062allergic reactionanticancer treatmentdocetaxeleosinophiliahypersensitivityoai:doaj.org/article:0107fdb0692b4b5ca1efce046274f67f2024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01851943195710.1002/cam4.2095Fulvestrant in the treatment of hormone receptor‐positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‐negative advanced breast cancer: A reviewJunjie Li0Zhonghua Wang1Zhimin Shao2Department of Surgery in Breast Cancer Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Surgery in Breast Cancer Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Surgery in Breast Cancer Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center Shanghai ChinaAbstract Nearly 75% of breast cancers are hormone receptor‐positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2‐negative (HER2−), making endocrine therapy the mainstay of treatment for HR+ and HER2− combination. Although endocrine therapy, such as therapy with fulvestrant, is widely used in the clinic, endocrine resistance (primary or secondary) is inevitable and poses a serious clinical concern. However, the therapeutic landscape of HR+/HER2− breast cancer is rapidly changing and evolving. In recent years, molecular insights into the genome of HR+/HER2− breast cancer have helped to identify promising targets, such as alterations in signaling pathways [phosphatidylinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)], dysregulation of the cell cycle (CDK4/6), and identification of new ESR1 mutations. These insights have led to the development of newer targeted therapies, which aims at significantly improving survival in these patients. This review summarizes the role and rationale of fulvestrant when used as a monotherapy or in combination with targeted therapies in patients with HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer. We also discuss other novel agents and potential future combination treatment options.https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2095advanced breast cancerfulvestrantHER2−HR+targeted therapiesoai:doaj.org/article:00dbac4ecb4847fa97a68ed480dd9f462024-03-28T10:30:35ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engWileyCancer Medicine2045-76342019-05-01852188219510.1002/cam4.2121Impact of the relative dose intensity on survival of patients with high‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes treated with AzacitidineKamel Laribi0Delphine Bolle1Mustafa Alani2Habib Ghnaya3Anne Besançon4Jonathan Farhi5Kayane Mheidly6Nathalie Denizon7Alix Baugier de Materre8Department of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Pharmacy Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceDepartment of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Le Mans Le Mans FranceUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud CESP (Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health), Inserm, Team Cancer and Environment Villejuif FranceAbstract We performed a retrospective analysis of 93 myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients with intermediate 2 or high‐risk IPSS score to study the impact of Azacitidine (AZA) relative dose intensity (RDI) <80% on the overall survival (OS). There were 51.6% of patients who had full dose and 48.4% had dose reduction or delayed with a RDI <80%. Nineteen patients (20.4%) had RDI <80% before getting objective response. Overall and progression‐free survivals (OS, PFS) probabilities for the whole population were 58% (95% CI: 48‐69) and 47% (95% CI: 38‐58) at 1 year; 35% (95% CI: 26‐47) and 31% (95% CI: 23‐43) at two years, respectively. When analyzing the outcomes according to the response to AZA, median OS was 32 months (range: 26‐55) for responders and 8 months (range: 7‐12) for nonresponders, with a respective 1‐year and 2‐year OS probabilities of 91% vs 28% and 66% vs 6%, respectively (P < 0.001). Interestingly, there was no impact of dose reduction on OS nor on PFS, however, when analyzing the timing of dose reduction as time‐dependent variable, we found that patients who had dose reduction before achieving the objective response, had significantly lower OS (P = 0.02) and PFS (P = 0.01) compared to patients who had dose reduction after achieving the objective response. In multivariate analysis, acute myeloid leukemia with 21%‐30% blasts in BM and poor and very poor karyotype significantly impacted OS, (HR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.27‐3.44, P = 0.004, and HR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.6‐4.6, P < 0.001 respectively), as well as PFS (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.07‐3.17, P = 0.028, and HR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.7‐5.39, P < 0.001, respectively).https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2121Azacitidinedose intensitymyelodisplastic syndromesoai:doaj.org/article:a44d5028dadd4b6f9df3d8f10f2660f72024-03-28T10:30:30ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~TENDOlNjaWVuY2U~TENDOlBoeXNpY3M~engIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research Letters1748-93262024-01-0119303400710.1088/1748-9326/ad2436Country-level methane emissions and their sectoral trends during 2009–2020 estimated by high-resolution inversion of GOSAT and surface observationsRajesh Janardanan0Shamil Maksyutov1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1200-9577Fenjuan Wang2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-6170Lorna Nayagam3https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1338-5582Saroj Kumar Sahu4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5365-795XPoonam Mangaraj5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0470-0341Marielle Saunois6Xin Lan7Tsuneo Matsunaga8Satellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanSatellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanSatellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanSatellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanDepartment of Environmental Science, Berhampur University , Berhampur, IndiaNational Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Campus , Bengaluru 560012, IndiaLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement , Paris, FranceCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, CO, United States of America; NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory , Boulder, CO, United States of AmericaSatellite Observation Center, National Institute for Environmental Studies , Tsukuba, JapanConsidering the significant role of global methane emissions in the Earth’s radiative budget, global or regionally persistent increasing trends in its emission are of great concern. Understanding the regional contributions of various emissions sectors to the growth rate thus has policy relevance. We used a high-resolution global methane inverse model to independently optimize sectoral emissions using GOSAT and ground-based observations for 2009–2020. Annual emission trends were calculated for top-emitting countries, and the sectoral contributions to the total anthropogenic trend were studied. Global total posterior emissions show a growth rate of 2.6 Tg yr ^−2 ( p < 0.05), with significant contributions from waste (1.1 Tg yr ^−2 ) and agriculture (0.9 Tg yr ^−2 ). Country-level aggregated sectoral emissions showed statistically significant ( p < 0.1) trends in total posterior emissions for China (0.56 Tg yr ^−2 ), India (0.22 Tg yr ^−2 ), United States (0.65 Tg yr ^−2 ), Pakistan (0.22 Tg yr ^−2 ) and Indonesia (0.28 Tg yr ^−2 ) among the top methane emitters. Emission sectors contributing to the above country-level emission trend are, China (waste 0.35; oil and gas 0.07 Tg yr ^−2 ), India (agriculture 0.09; waste 0.11 Tg yr ^−2 ), United States (oil and gas 1.0; agriculture 0.07; coal −0.15 Tg yr ^−2 ), Brazil (waste 0.09; agriculture 0.08 Tg yr ^−2 ), Russia (waste 0.04; biomass burning 0.15; coal 0.11; oil and gas −0.42 Tg yr ^−2 ), Indonesia (coal 0.28 Tg yr ^−2 ), Canada (oil and gas 0.08 Tg yr ^−2 ), Pakistan (agriculture 0.15; waste 0.03 Tg yr ^−2 ) and Mexico (waste 0.04 Tg yr ^−2 ). Additionally, our analysis showed that methane emissions from wetlands in Russia (0.24 Tg yr ^−2 ) and central African countries such as Congo (0.09 Tg yr ^−2 ), etc. have a positive trend with a considerably large increase after 2017, whereas Bolivia (−0.09 Tg yr ^−2 ) have a declining trend. Our results reveal some key emission sectors to be targeted on a national level for designing methane emission mitigation efforts.https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad2436anthropogenic emissionsmethane emissionsnatural emissionsemission trendsource sectorsoai:doaj.org/article:36ad49afdc89424193a804fb465be19d2024-03-28T10:30:02ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-01437595http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.75Pressure to Please: Adjunct Faculty Experiences with Grade InflationDanny E. Malone Jr.Billy C. JohnsonThis research explores adjunct faculty experiences navigating student and institutional pressures and lack of training regarding grade inflation. Given the increasing use of non-tenure-track faculty in higher education, there is a need to understand the experiences of adjunct faculty. Utilizing phenomenological methodology, twenty-three adjunct faculty members across the United States detail the challenges from the administration, students, parents, and even themselves when the issue of students’ satisfaction with grades. Agency theory is a theoretical framework used to analyze the various pressures to help understand the relationship between adjunct faculty and their respective institutions. Data collected pointed to various types of pressures and responses to those pressures by the participants. Participants demonstrate agency when it comes to grade contestation but also express concern over reprimand and/or future employment. Findings suggest adjunct faculty need more training and support from their administration to ensure grade inflation pressures are not felt by adjunct faculty.
https://johepal.com/article-1-443-en.htmladjunct facultygrade inflationagency theoryhigher educationtrainingphenomenologyoai:doaj.org/article:7640d551f92b43ab87e670b5488360862024-03-28T10:28:14ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-01435373http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.53Integrating African Women Academics in Leadership: A Systematic ReviewSulaimon AdewaleOnoriode Collins PotokriGender inequality is a global issue which has been a clog in the wheel of women academics' career fulfilment, particularly in African continent. This paper, therefore, is a systematic review of relevant literature on the challenges and strategies of integrating African women academics in leadership positions. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, relevant qualitative and quantitative articles were documented following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The authors used four databases (Emerald insight, Dimension, Google scholar, and science direct) to search for articles published in English between the year 2019 and 2023 on African women in leadership. Studies that focused on women academics in leadership in other continents were excluded. Thematic analysis was used to map the findings. It was found among other things that cultural and societal stereotypes were major challenges. The study also thematized coping strategies to integrate African women academics in the leadership in various higher education institutions. The outcome of this review will be a working tool for policy makers, higher education institutions and women in general with a special attention on those in academia.
https://johepal.com/article-1-442-en.htmlafrican womenleadershipmentoringhigher education institutionsgender equalityoai:doaj.org/article:8f8c6beea26e41759c5eeb0575848ebe2024-03-28T10:26:43ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402024-03-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.13823261382326The patient journey project in Italian mental health services: results from a co-designed survey on clinical interventions and current barriers to improve the care of people living with schizophreniaAntonio Vita0Antonio Vita1Stefano Barlati2Stefano Barlati3Matteo Porcellana4Elisa Sala5Jacopo Lisoni6Luisa Brogonzoli7Mauro Emilio Percudani8Rosaria Iardino9Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Political and Social Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, ItalyResearch Department, Fondazione The Bridge, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, ItalyFondazione The Bridge, Milan, ItalyIntroductionThe Patient Journey Project aimed to analyze the scenario among Italian Mental Health Services (MHS) to understand the clinical interventions that are properly implemented and the ones deserving further implementation to design an effective treatment plan for patients living with schizophrenia (PLWS).MethodsThe 60-items survey was co-designed with all the stakeholders (clinicians, expert patients and caregivers) involved in the Patient Journey and focused on three phases of schizophrenia course: early detection and management, acute phase management, long-term management/continuity of care. Respondents were Heads of the Mental Health Departments and Addiction Services (MHDAS) or facilities directors throughout Italian MHS. For each statement, respondents expressed the consensus on the importance and the degree of implementation in clinical practice.ResultsConsidering the importance of the statement, strong consensus was reached for most of the statements. Good levels of implementation were found on 2/17 statements of early detection and management, on 3/16 statements for acute phase management and on 1/27 statements of long-term management/continuity of care. Poor levels of implementation were found on 1/17 statements of early detection and management, none of acute phase management, and 4/27 statements for long-term management/continuity of care. Moderate levels of implementation were found on 14/17 statements for early detection and management, on 13/16 statements of acute phase management, and on 22/27 statements of long-term management/continuity of care. Thus, among Italian MHDAS, most interventions for PLWS were moderately implemented in clinical practice.DiscussionItalian MHS have to provide new strategies and structural actions to overcome these current limitations and barriers to effectively improve the journey of PLWS. The areas that deserve most implementation include interventions during the early stage (especially the continuity of care between Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services and Adult Mental Health Services), the evidence-based psychosocial interventions during the chronic stages of the disorder, and the continuity of care after acute hospitalization.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1382326/fullearly detectionmental health servicespatient journeypeer supportpreventionrecoveryoai:doaj.org/article:f5bbd94e43e243dca548ba5493a009012024-03-28T10:26:27ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-01432951http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.29A Framework to Create a University-based Innovation District under Anchor ApproachAmir AsgariAli Khorsandi TaskohSaeed Ghiasi NodooshanImplementing innovation districts as the next generation of Areas of Innovation (AOIs) is a global trend. This phenomenon emerged from university, technology, and innovation studies, as well as urban development notions. However, there are ambiguities regarding the shaping process, components, and necessary elements. Thus, a framework for innovation district implementation and development issues is necessary. This research aims to provide a comprehensive framework for implementing innovation districts under the anchor approach based on a university. The methodology adopted a two-step process: a systematic review to shape innovation district notions and a grounded theory approach using fourteen in-depth, semi-structured interviews. One hundred ten additional sources were also added to reach content saturation for a precise and complete insight into the innovation district shaping process. The concluded framework comprises four interconnected layers representing the anchor level (University), knowledge-based society, knowledge-based urban development (KBUD), and knowledge ecosystem. The findings also reveal the anchor institute's roles, interactions, and tasks to build an innovation district. Additionally, this study reveals the indispensable transformation of the ecosystem generator actor (Anchor Institute) to shape the innovation district. These findings provide a comprehensive insight for HEI managers, policymakers, businesses, urban researchers, and economy activists.
https://johepal.com/article-1-441-en.htmlinnovation districtecosystemuniversityanchor approachknowledge-based urban development (kbud)oai:doaj.org/article:8e3a8085dbc843ba8147b2b6b82179bf2024-03-28T10:25:26ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgdGVjaG5vbG9neS4gU2FuaXRhcnkgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOkdlb2dyYXBoeS4gQW50aHJvcG9sb2d5LiBSZWNyZWF0aW9uTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~TENDOkdlb2xvZ3k~engCopernicus PublicationsNatural Hazards and Earth System Sciences1561-86331684-99812024-03-01241051106410.5194/nhess-24-1051-2024Anticipating a risky future: long short-term memory (LSTM) models for spatiotemporal extrapolation of population data in areas prone to earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, PeruC. Geiß0C. Geiß1J. Maier2E. So3E. Schoepfer4S. Harig5J. C. Gómez Zapata6J. C. Gómez Zapata7Y. Zhu8Y. Zhu9German Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), 82234 Wessling, GermanyDepartment of Geography, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, GermanyGerman Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), 82234 Wessling, GermanyCambridge University Centre for Risk in the Built Environment, University of Cambridge, CB2 1PX, Cambridge, UKGerman Aerospace Center (DLR), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), 82234 Wessling, GermanyAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), 27570 Bremerhaven, GermanyHelmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, GermanyInstitute for Geosciences, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanyCambridge University Centre for Risk in the Built Environment, University of Cambridge, CB2 1PX, Cambridge, UKInstitute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland<p>In this paper, we anticipate geospatial population distributions to quantify the future number of people living in earthquake-prone and tsunami-prone areas of Lima and Callao, Peru. We capitalize upon existing gridded population time series data sets, which are provided on an open-source basis globally, and implement machine learning models tailored for time series analysis, i.e., based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, for prediction of future time steps. Specifically, we harvest WorldPop population data and teach LSTM and convolutional LSTM models equipped with both unidirectional and bidirectional learning mechanisms, which are derived from different feature sets, i.e., driving factors. To gain insights regarding the competitive performance of LSTM-based models in this application context, we also implement multilinear regression and random forest models for comparison. The results clearly underline the value of the LSTM-based models for forecasting gridded population data; the most accurate prediction obtained with an LSTM equipped with a bidirectional learning scheme features a root-mean-squared error of 3.63 people per 100 <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 100 m grid cell while maintaining an excellent model fit (<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=</span> 0.995). We deploy this model for anticipation of population along a 3-year interval until the year 2035. Especially in areas of high peak ground acceleration of 207–210 cm s<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span>, the population is anticipated to experience growth of almost 30 % over the forecasted time span, which simultaneously corresponds to 70 % of the predicted additional inhabitants of Lima. The population in the tsunami inundation area is anticipated to grow by 61 % until 2035, which is substantially more than the average growth of 35 % for the city. Uncovering those relations can help urban planners and policymakers to develop effective risk mitigation strategies.</p>https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/24/1051/2024/nhess-24-1051-2024.pdfoai:doaj.org/article:d81e9f489810473d8fc20ea7d38cd1282024-03-28T10:25:12ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~TENDOkdlb2xvZ3k~engCopernicus PublicationsThe Cryosphere1994-04161994-04242024-03-01181419144110.5194/tc-18-1419-2024Retrieval of sea ice drift in the Fram Strait based on data from Chinese satellite HaiYang (HY-1D)D. Lu0D. Lu1D. Lu2J. Liu3J. Liu4L. Shi5L. Shi6T. Zeng7T. Zeng8B. Cheng9S. Wu10S. Wu11M. Wang12M. Wang13M. Wang14National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, ChinaFinnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki 00101, FinlandNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China<p>Melting of sea ice in the Arctic has accelerated due to global warming. The Fram Strait (FS) serves as a crucial pathway for sea ice export from the Arctic to the North Atlantic Ocean. Monitoring sea ice drift (SID) in the FS provides insight into how Arctic sea ice responds to the climate change. The SID has been retrieved from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR), Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E), and further exploration is needed for the retrieval of SID using optical imagery. In this paper, we retrieve SID in the FS using the Chinese HaiYang1-D (HY-1D) satellite equipped with the Coastal Zone Imager (CZI). A multi-template matching technique is employed to calculate the cross-correlation, and subpixel estimation is used to locate displacement vectors from the cross-correlation matrix. The dataset covering March to May 2021 was divided into hourly and daily intervals for analysis, and validation was performed using Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) SAR-based product and International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) buoy. A comparison with the CMEMS SID product revealed a high correlation with the daily interval dataset; however, due to the spatial and temporal variability in the sea ice motion, differences are observed with the hourly interval dataset. Additionally, validation with the IABP buoys yielded a velocity bias of <span class="inline-formula">−0.005</span> m s<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> and RMSE of 0.031 m s<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span> for the daily interval dataset, along with a flow direction bias of 0.002 rad and RMSE of 0.009 rad, respectively. For the hourly interval dataset, the velocity bias was negligible (0 m s<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>), with a RMSE of 0.036 m s<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−1</sup></span>, while the flow direction bias was 0.003 rad, with a RMSE of 0.010 rad. In addition, during the validation with buoys, we found that the accuracy of retrieving the SID flow direction is distinctly interrelated with the sea ice displacement.</p>https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/1419/2024/tc-18-1419-2024.pdfoai:doaj.org/article:97442309d2f24fe797bfc41dc8b4de612024-03-28T10:24:56ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402024-03-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.12873781287378Family Talk versus usual services in improving child and family psychosocial functioning in families with parental mental illness: a randomised controlled trial and cost analysisMairead Furlong0Colm McGuinness1Christine Marie Mulligan2Sharon Lisa McGarr3Sinead McGilloway4Centre for Mental Health and Community Research, Maynooth University Department of Psychology and Social Sciences Institute, Maynooth, IrelandTechnological University Dublin, Dublin, IrelandCentre for Mental Health and Community Research, Maynooth University Department of Psychology and Social Sciences Institute, Maynooth, IrelandCentre for Mental Health and Community Research, Maynooth University Department of Psychology and Social Sciences Institute, Maynooth, IrelandCentre for Mental Health and Community Research, Maynooth University Department of Psychology and Social Sciences Institute, Maynooth, IrelandBackgroundParental mental illness (PMI) is common and places children at high risk of developing psychological disorders. Family Talk (FT) is a well-known, whole-family, 7-session intervention designed to reduce the risk of transgenerational psychopathology. However, very few larger-scale evaluations of FT (across only a limited number of settings) have been conducted to date while there have been no cost analyses. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and costs of delivering FT in improving child and family psychosocial functioning in families with PMI within routine mental health settings.MethodsA total of 83 families with PMI, with children aged 5-18 years, were randomly assigned on a 2:1 ratio to receive either the FT intervention (n=55 families) or usual services (n=28 families) across 10 adult, child and primary care mental health sites in Ireland. Parental disorders included anxiety/depression (57%), Bipolar Disorder (20%), Borderline Personality Disorder (12%), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (8%) and psychosis (2%). Detailed assessments with parents were conducted at baseline and 6-month follow up.ResultsFT led to significant improvements in family functioning and child behaviour at 6-month follow up when compared to usual services, with medium effect sizes indicated. Parent participants with lower mental health literacy at baseline also showed significant post-intervention improvements. Those parents with less severe mental illness at baseline, and families with more partner and economic supports, reported additional significant post-intervention improvements in child depression/anxiety and parental mental health symptoms. The cost of FT amounted to €761.50 per family, although this decreased to €415.31 when recurring costs only were included.ConclusionThe findings from this study, which was conducted within the context of a national programme to introduce family-focused practice in Ireland, demonstrate that FT is a low-cost intervention that improved child and family psychosocial functioning across different mental health disorders within routine adult, child and primary care mental health services. The findings contribute to the growing evidence base for FT, and provide a robust basis to inform practice and policy development for families with parental mental illness both in Ireland and elsewhere.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13365858, identifier ISRCTN13365858.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1287378/fullchildrenCOPMIFamily Talkfamily-focused practicemental healthmental disorderoai:doaj.org/article:b6485f4fc5e64fa3a0b467fbe2abba4f2024-03-28T10:24:31ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~engAli Khorsandi TaskohJournal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies2717-14262023-09-0143827http://dx.doi.org/10.61186/johepal.4.3.8Intermixing Social Justice and Race-Neutral Leadership Approaches: A Critical Content Analysis of Doctoral Students’ Literature ReviewsAllison RodaAndrea HonigsfeldChristine DanielsResearchers acknowledge the challenge educational doctoral programs face to prepare their candidates for social justice leadership in our increasingly racially diverse society and schools. The problem is that students are often exposed to competing, race-neutral leadership approaches and discourse, professional bureaucratic and colorblind managerialism, that undermine social justice goals. Through critical content analysis, the purpose of this study was to map patterns of social justice discourse as evidenced across two cohorts of doctoral students’ dissertation literature reviews (N=19) by examining the degree to which they challenge inequity, embrace social justice, or uphold the status quo. The doctoral students unintentionally intermixed bureaucratic, colorblind, and liberal discourses with social justice. We believe this is a reflection of their racial/ethnic background, their uncritical consumption of the literature, as well as their choice of framework. Limited research exists at the cross-section of how doctoral students’ scholarship and their social justice leadership identity emerge within the context of their dissertation development. The mixing terminology finding is symbolic of the process of writing the literature review itself as students begin to develop their identities as social justice scholars before researchers.
https://johepal.com/article-1-440-en.htmlsocial justice leadersgraduate educationdissertation developmentcritical theorycontent analysisoai:doaj.org/article:47b8fdc2c0ca460f8d5cb8a6c2a328902024-03-28T10:22:24ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402024-03-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.12603181260318Korean autistic persons facing systemic stigmatization from middle education schools: daily survival on the edge as a puppetWn-ho Yoon0JaeKyung Seo1JaeKyung Seo2Cheolung Je3Cheolung Je4Korean Research Center for Guardianship and Trusts, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of KoreaKorean Research Center for Guardianship and Trusts, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSocial Welfare Institute, Sungkonghoe University, Guro-Gu, Seoul, Republic of KoreaKorean Research Center for Guardianship and Trusts, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSchool of Law, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaIntroductionKorean autistic persons who have endured an integrated secondary education system have been exposed to school bullying, causing trauma and stigma to them. It also blocks them from entering a tertiary education system and a decent work, resulting in a lower quality of life. However, research on how it affects autistic persons has not yet been conducted in Korea.MethodsFourteen adult autistic persons in the Republic of Korea participated in the semi-structured focused group interviews. Their conversations were analyzed through qualitative coding.ResultsThe interview results show the rare voice of Korean autistic people. Although interviewees experienced physical, verbal, and sexual violence against them during the secondary education period, they could not get substantial assistance from schools and society. Interviewees agreed that bullying is inherent in the secondary education system of Korea, even in Korean culture. They experienced the cause of bullying being attributed to them as victims rather than perpetrators, and impunity is given to the bullying assailants. Early analyses of this article confirm that such experiences are combined with the sociocultural climate of elitism, meritocracy, and authoritarianism in the Republic of Korea.ConclusionThe study confirmed that the autistic person’s bullying experience does not come from the social inability of autistic people but the “profound” competition and discriminative atmosphere of the society. The result urges further studies on the bullying experience of East Asian autistic persons and the construction of Korean intervention strategies to prevent school violence against Koreans with disabilities, especially autistic pupils.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1260318/fullschool bullyingstigmaautistic traitsobjectificationauthoritarianismautism spectrumoai:doaj.org/article:d62547a268eb4cbda48689192d12a4802024-03-28T10:19:56ZTENDOlRlY2hub2xvZ3k~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Materials2296-80162024-03-011110.3389/fmats.2024.13470601347060Semi-active inerters: a review of the literatureKim Thach Tran0Shida Jin1Lei Deng2Haiping Du3Hung Quoc Nguyen4Weihua Li5School of Mechanical, Mechatronics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Mechanical, Mechatronics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaFaculty of Engineering, Vietnamese–German University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamSchool of Mechanical, Mechatronics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, AustraliaThe inerter was introduced as a mechanical counterpart to the electrical capacitor, completing the force-current analogy. This is a one-port, two-terminal device in which the equal and opposite forces exerted at its terminals are proportional to the relative acceleration between them. Within this relationship, the “inertance” is the coefficient of proportionality and carries the unit of mass. This implies that the inerter can exert an inertial force at its terminals, effectively representing a virtual mass. Due to these properties, inerters have gained popularity, finding applications as components of vibration control systems and energy harvesters. Derived from passive inerters, semi-active inerters are integrated with active control systems to regulate their inertance. Since their introduction, semi-active inerters have been pivotal in situations demanding active monitoring of natural frequency or control force, generally outperforming their passive counterparts. While numerous significant reviews on passive inerters and their applications have been published in respected journals, dedicated literature reviews on semi-active inerters remain scarce. This review seeks to bridge this gap, offering a comprehensive literature review on semi-active inerters and highlighting research challenges and opportunities. Given the novelty of semi-active inerters, they present a fascinating area of study.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2024.1347060/fullinertersemi-active inerteradjustable inertancevariable inertancevibration controlenergy harvestingoai:doaj.org/article:67eb675188d747b99508776f769224912024-03-28T10:18:45ZTENDOk5lb3BsYXNtcy4gVHVtb3JzLiBPbmNvbG9neS4gSW5jbHVkaW5nIGNhbmNlciBhbmQgY2FyY2lub2dlbnM~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Hematology2813-39352024-03-01310.3389/frhem.2024.13310081331008Phase II single-arm study of a combination of obinutuzumab and venetoclax in early relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma—final results of the AGMT NHL15B studyUlrich Jaeger0Ulrich Jaeger1Ingrid Simonitsch-Klupp2Patrick Klammer3Alexander Egle4Sonja Heibl5Peter Neumeister6Ella Willenbacher7Florian Erlsbacher8Julian Larcher-Senn9Philipp B. Staber10Edit Porpaczy11Cathrin Skrabs12Marius E. Mayerhoefer13Marius E. Mayerhoefer14Marcus Hacker15Thomas Melchardt16Michael A. Fridrik17Richard Greil18Richard Greil19Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaAustrian Group Medical Tumor Therapy, Salzburg, AustriaDepartment of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaAssign Data Management and Biostatistics GmbH, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunotherapy (SCRI-CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine IV, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen GmbH, Wels, AustriaDivision of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz (MUG), Graz, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaAssign Data Management and Biostatistics GmbH, Innsbruck, AustriaAssign Data Management and Biostatistics GmbH, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria0Department of Radiology, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, NY, United States1Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Molecular Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria2Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, AustriaAustrian Group Medical Tumor Therapy, Salzburg, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunotherapy (SCRI-CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, AustriaBackgroundPatients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) relapsing early (within 12 months) or primary refractory to induction therapy with rituximab (R) and CHOP have a poor prognosis. We therefore initiated a study with obinutuzumab and venetoclax.Study design and methodsTwenty-one patients with DLBCL (relapsed within 12 months or primary refractory), detectable Bcl-2 protein expression, and CD20 positivity were included in this prospective single-arm study between 2016 and 2021. Obinutuzumab was administered i.v. at a dose of 1,000 mg on days 1, 8, and 15 in cycle 1 and on day 1 of each of the following 21-day cycles. Venetoclax was given at 800 mg daily p.o. continuously. Treatment was repeated for up to three cycles. Eligible patients were planned to either proceed to cellular therapies or receive up to nine cycles of maintenance. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) after three cycles (Eudract Nr. 2016-001760-10 and NCT02987400).ResultsTwenty-one patients (median age, 64 years) with refractory or early relapsed DLBCL after one (N = 11) to four previous lines of therapy were included. The majority of patients received three cycles of obinutuzumab/venetoclax (range, 1–8). The regimen was well tolerated with manageable cytopenias and infections. Severe adverse events related to treatment were observed in 9.5%. The ORR was 38.1% (8/21 patients) with a best response of five complete remissions (CRs; 23.8%) and three partial remissions (PRs; 14.2%). The primary endpoint (45% ORR) was not met. Response duration was 83.3% at 84 days, with a progression-free survival of 38.8% at 84 days and 25.9% at 168 days and a median overall survival of 169.1 weeks. All deaths were due to underlying disease. Seven patients became eligible for autologous transplant. Overall, nine patients (42.8%) received 11 cellular therapies (5 ASCT and 6 CAR-T). Three patients went directly from obinutuzumab/venetoclax to CAR-T therapy. All patients had successful peripheral stem cell or T-cell harvests. Characteristics of responders include relapsed disease (response rate, 6 of 11 = 54%), very good or good R-IPI (7 of 8), and low number of previous therapies (median = 1).ConclusionObinutuzumab/venetoclax represents an effective chemo-free relapse regimen with low toxicity that can be followed by cellular therapies, particularly CAR-T cells.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frhem.2024.1331008/fulldiffuse large B-cell lymphomaearly relapsed or refractoryobinutuzumabvenetoclaxchemo-freeoai:doaj.org/article:753dc0ed790a42b3a3f975d40c0d94382024-03-28T10:18:40ZTENDOlBlZGlhdHJpY3M~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602024-03-011210.3389/fped.2024.14029481402948Editorial: Family-centered care in pediatric and neonatal critical care settingsJos M. Latour0Jos M. Latour1Jos M. Latour2Janet E. Rennick3Janet E. Rennick4Janet E. Rennick5Agnes van den Hoogen6Agnes van den Hoogen7Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United KingdomDepartment of Nursing, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaThe Curtin School of Nursing, Curtin University, Perth, WA, AustraliaDepartment of Nursing, The Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaIngram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment Woman and Baby, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, NetherlandsClinical Health Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlandshttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1402948/fullfamily-centered careinfantchildparentscritical careoutcome measuresoai:doaj.org/article:14d0a28c09674561843b72994d82f1662024-03-28T10:18:33ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Acerca de disputas conceptuales en la estela de la Begriffsgeschichte de Reinhard KoselleckLucas Scarfia0Universidade de São Paulo – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulohttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/443oai:doaj.org/article:114ebf8389db4fc69c9d9af28b6f0caf2024-03-28T10:18:33ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Filosofía y liberación en el Puerto Rico actualMartín Mitidieri0Centro de Estudios Latinoamericanos – Universidad Nacional de San Martínhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/440oai:doaj.org/article:f6d94d7197f149ddb83126736eed41bd2024-03-28T10:18:32ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118La constitución de un “nosotros” desde las críticas al humanismo modernoSebastián Botticelli0Universidad de Buenos Aires - Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero
La modernidad europea postula al individuo como figura antropológica originaria, base de la dimensión social. En ese contexto donde el “yo” es el punto de partida indefectible, la constitución de un “nosotros” se presenta como un problema específicamente moderno que encuentra al humanismo como respuesta principal. Pero ese humanismo que alcanzó a funcionar durante varios siglos parece hoy haber entrado en crisis a partir de cuestionamientos que lo acusan de operar como la universalización hipostasiada de un conjunto de particularidades. El presente artículo se propone recuperar algunas de las críticas dirigidas hacia el humanismo moderno y sus implicancias en torno a la constitución de un “nosotros” en tanto problema filosófico. Para ello se consideran los aportes de Michel Foucault, autor en el que se referencian varias tendencias posthumanistas. Se analizan los supuestos e implicancias de la “ontología crítica de nosotros mismos” que Foucault propone desde su lectura de Kant buscando poner en cuestión aquellas perspectivas que derivan de la “muerte del hombre” una negación, impugnación o abandono de lo universal. Por último, se exploran las posibilidades de comprender a la noción de un “nosotros actual” como modalidad que aspira a desmarcarse de los límites del humanismo moderno.
https://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/465oai:doaj.org/article:9809d234a5bf45eca3519a4287cc19ec2024-03-28T10:18:32ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118EditorialGrupo Editorhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/474oai:doaj.org/article:119082c5ea694eec84d671d38d50afb32024-03-28T10:18:31ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Lo que pervive y lo que persiste, 40 años despuésAnabella SchoenleIván Pazhttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/475oai:doaj.org/article:c1ac56d5ab47461684f93ca30988f9af2024-03-28T10:18:30ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Nuestros años ochentasMartina Garategaray0Ariana Reano1Centro de Historia Intelectual - Universidad de Quilmes - Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasInstituto de Desarrollo Humano - Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicashttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/477oai:doaj.org/article:564ab5f977c34051b93b2a51226fa0882024-03-28T10:18:30ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118El ejercicio filosófico como defensa de la democraciaDolores Marcos0Cintia Caram1Universidad de TucumánUniversidad de Tucumán - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Esterohttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/476oai:doaj.org/article:b85c2462250f4976abb47e38511194722024-03-28T10:18:29ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Filosofía y democracia, un vínculo aún limitadoNatalia Bustelo0Universidad de Buenos Aireshttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/479oai:doaj.org/article:3575e344f6a242e98d8e0835b1f5d2c12024-03-28T10:18:29ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Desdemocratización y conservadurismo radical en la Argentina contemporáneaMariana Berdondini0Lucía Vinuesa1Universidad de RosarioUniversidad de Rosariohttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/478oai:doaj.org/article:282205c9ec674687b1dfd99a8c9e16782024-03-28T10:18:28ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118La democracia, esa superticiónMaximiliano Román0Universidad Nacional del Nordestehttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/480oai:doaj.org/article:fa77d99e2998446f9dc244117ce32d492024-03-28T10:18:27ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Democracia a 40 añosAlejandro Auat0Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Esterohttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/481oai:doaj.org/article:93a529ed47154c359adfbc4dc77405552024-03-28T10:18:27ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Democracia y filosofía como forma de vidaRoque Farrán0Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios en Cultura y Sociedad - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas https://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/482oai:doaj.org/article:813ff7f47adc4fb99cb1ff2a790c0b7a2024-03-28T10:18:26ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Althusser y SpinozaEsteban Dominguez0Universidad Nacional de Rosario - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
En este artículo propongo un conjunto de indicaciones propedéuticas para el desarrollo de una investigación acerca de los orígenes del spinozismo de Louis Althusser. En primer lugar, presentaré en qué se reconoce el spinozismo de Althusser. En segundo lugar, propondré considerar su spinozismo como una pasión teórica. En tercer lugar, propondré una perspectiva genealógica para el estudio del surgimiento de esa pasión. Como coralario de esta perspectiva, y para concluir, sugeriré que el spinozismo de Althusser debe ser reconocido como un suplemento que, a la par de sus funciones de adición o de sustitución, produce una complicación de su pensamiento.
https://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/484SpinozismoPasión teóricaGenealogíaSuplementooai:doaj.org/article:cf5e467da9ac4569b71e43f8d9afc8942024-03-28T10:18:25ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Ecuación y tensionesLeonardo Eiff0Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
El artículo propone una reflexión filosófica en torno a la idea de Estado considerando su enraizamiento problemático en las luchas políticas e ideológicas latinoamericanas desplegadas desde comienzos del presente siglo. Para ello, proporcionamos una lectura exegética de un texto crucial para pensar la articulación entre idea estatal y práctica política: “El Estado en América Latina” de René Zavaleta Mercado. Luego indagamos algunos de sus consecuencias teóricas a partir de ciertos ensayos de Álvaro García Linera. Finalmente, desarrollamos una hipótesis de lectura alrededor de los umbrales conceptuales de las nociones societales para abordar el Estado y rastreamos, por último, posibles reconfiguraciones filosófico-políticas sobre la estatalidad.
https://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/485EstadoRevoluciónMediaciónArticulaciónoai:doaj.org/article:31b5449d9e2144b39dac1166fc722ae32024-03-28T10:18:25ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Libertad, autenticidad y reflexión: la presencia de Kant en la Segunda Parte de O lo uno o lo otroPablo Uriel Rodríguez0Universidad Nacional General Sarmiento
Nuestro artículo discute la tesis principal de la primera parte de Las éticas de Kierkegaard (2022). La investigación de Yésica Rodríguez se ocupa de la relación de Kierkegaard con la filosofía moral de Kant, un tema que no ha recibido la suficiente atención en los estudios kierkegaardeanos en español. Yésica Rodríguez sostiene que el juez Guillermo, pseudónimo de Kierkegaard, recurre a Kant para construir su propia versión existencialista de la ética de la autonomía. Según nuestra lectura, la visión de la vida del juez Guillermo rechaza conscientemente el rigorismo moral de Kant y se concibe como un correctivo a la ética formal kantiana. El juez Guillermo elabora una ética de la autenticidad que procura superar la oposición entre el deber y las inclinaciones.
https://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/486KierkegaardKantlibertadéticayooai:doaj.org/article:0a73192189c946ccb9ea7c6a89ec9f632024-03-28T10:18:24ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118De la verdad incómoda a la verdad suficienteAlyne Costa0Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
El Antropoceno –la nueva época geológica en la que los procesos ecológicos del planeta vienen siendo gravemente impactados por las actividades industriales– nos sitúa en una contradicción a primera vista irresoluble con respecto a la relación entre verdad, ciencia y política. Por un lado, existe la imperiosa necesidad de reconocer como legítimas las “verdades de los otros”, es decir, las diversas formas en que los pueblos no occidentales expresan su pertenencia al mundo, incluyendo sus propias formas, no “científicas”, de percibir la actual desincronización de los ciclos de la Tierra. Por otra parte, no debemos aceptar la verdad que ciertos otros reivindican: me refiero a los negacionistas del clima, que, a pesar de la evidencia del carácter antropogénico del cambio climático, niegan vehementemente el problema, confundiendo a la opinión pública y obstruyendo la acción política que ayudaría a frenar sus efectos. Entonces, ¿qué hacer con esta aparente incoherencia que nos hace, por un lado, afirmar la “verdad de lo relativo” y, por otro, recusar las relativizaciones de la “verdad incómoda” del cambio climático? ¿Es posible establecer un concepto de verdad que permita conciliar estos dos imperativos cosmopolíticos cruciales de nuestro tiempo? Este artículo busca inspiración en el pragmatismo de William James para proponer un relativismo consecuente capaz de dar cabida a lo que propongo llamar “verdad suficiente”.
https://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/488Antropocenoverdadnegacionismocosmopolíticaoai:doaj.org/article:5fb72c69f9b14b74b7a96cd8afb3cd4e2024-03-28T10:18:23ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118El espíritu de Fichte en nuestro continenteJavier Pascua0Universidad de Buenos Aireshttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/489oai:doaj.org/article:176e55ad4962433abbf890a15fc19cc42024-03-28T10:18:23ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Instantáneas para una filosofía patagónicaRafael Mc Namarahttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/490oai:doaj.org/article:4b05cd17ac8e441e90a328b37e2ab7fa2024-03-28T10:18:22ZTENDOlBoaWxvc29waHkgKEdlbmVyYWwpspaRAGIF EdicionesIdeas2451-69102023-11-0118Las vetas de la filosofía existencial de Carlos AstradaMariano Gaudio0Universidad de Buenos Aireshttps://revistaideas.com.ar/ojs/index.php/ideas/article/view/491oai:doaj.org/article:25d6621db0bb43f8bc7c996a2c7b09cb2024-03-28T10:17:55ZTENDOk51dHJpdGlvbi4gRm9vZHMgYW5kIGZvb2Qgc3VwcGx5engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2024-03-011110.3389/fnut.2024.13397111339711Computer modeling of digestive processes in the alimentary tract and their physiological regulation mechanisms: closing the gap between digestion models and in vivo behaviorGeorge A. van AkenIntroductionA model has been developed for in silico simulation of digestion and its physiological feedback mechanisms.MethodsThe model is based on known physiology described in the literature and is able to describe the complexity of many simultaneous processes related to food digestion.ResultsDespite the early stage of development of the model, it already encompasses a large number of processes that occur simultaneously, enabling the prediction of a large number of post-prandial physiological markers, which can be highly functional in combination with in vitro, organ-on-a-chip and digital twin models purposed to measure the physiological properties of organs and to predict the effect of adjusted food composition in normal and diseased states.DiscussionInput from and collaboration between science fileds is needed to further develop and refine the model and to connect with in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo (organ-on-a-chip) models.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1339711/fulldigestiondigestive systemgastro-intestinalalimentary systemdigestion modelingin silico digestion modelingoai:doaj.org/article:c5e4578427b347c49e26be4e1128a6032024-03-28T10:17:45ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402024-03-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.13516951351695Differences in predictive factors for post-traumatic stress disorder encompassing partial PTSD and full PTSD: a cross-sectional study among individuals exposed to the November 13, 2015 Paris attacksBenoit Berthail0Benoit Berthail1Marion Trousselard2Marion Trousselard3Gregory Lecouvey4Barbara Le Roy5Florence Fraisse6Denis Peschanski7Francis Eustache8Pierre Gagnepain9Jacques Dayan10Jacques Dayan11French Military Health Service Academy, Ecole du Val de Grace, 1 Place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, FranceNeuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, GIP Cyceron, INSERM U1077, Caen University Hospital, PSL, EPHE, Caen University, Caen, FranceStress Neurophysiology Unit, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, FranceUniversity of Lorraine, Inserm, INSPIIRE UMR 1319, F-54000, Nancy, FranceNeuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, GIP Cyceron, INSERM U1077, Caen University Hospital, PSL, EPHE, Caen University, Caen, FranceStress Neurophysiology Unit, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, FranceNeuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, GIP Cyceron, INSERM U1077, Caen University Hospital, PSL, EPHE, Caen University, Caen, FranceParis I Pantheon Sorbonne University, HESAM University , EHESS, CNRS, UMR8209, Paris, FranceNeuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, GIP Cyceron, INSERM U1077, Caen University Hospital, PSL, EPHE, Caen University, Caen, FranceNeuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, GIP Cyceron, INSERM U1077, Caen University Hospital, PSL, EPHE, Caen University, Caen, FranceNeuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, GIP Cyceron, INSERM U1077, Caen University Hospital, PSL, EPHE, Caen University, Caen, FranceChild and Adolescent Psychiatry University Hospital Pole, Guillaume Régnier Hospital Center, Rennes 1 University, 35700 Rennes, FranceBackgroundWhen faced with a surge of physically injured individuals, especially following a traumatic event like an attack, frontline practitioners prioritize early triage. Detecting potential psychological injuries soon after such events remains challenging. Some individuals might develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to DSM-V criteria. Others may exhibit PTSD symptoms without meeting full diagnostic criteria, termed partial or sub-syndromal PTSD, a less-explored area in literature. This study aims to identify predictive factors for both full and partial PTSD.MethodIn a cohort of victims of the 2015 Paris attacks, multinomial logistic regressions explored predictive factors for partial or full PTSD status 8 to 18 months post-attacks. Analyses considered pre, peri, and posttraumatic factors chosen from literature review and univariate analysis within each group.ResultsWithin the cohort, 50 individuals showed no signs of PTSD, 35 experienced partial PTSD, and 30 presented with full PTSD. After logistic regression, risk factors associated with full PTSD included a history of trauma (OR = 1.30, CI [1.02-1.66], p < 0.05), the intensity of peri-traumatic physical reactions (OR = 1.22, CI [1.09-1.36], p < 0.001), the difficulties in suppressing intrusive thoughts (OR = 1.11, CI [1.02-1.21], p < 0.013). Only the intensity of peri-traumatic physical reactions emerged as a risk factor for partial PTSD (OR = 1.13, [CI 1.02-1.24], p < 0.001).DiscussionThis study revealed that a history of trauma, the intensity of peri-traumatic physical reactions (e.g., tachycardia, trembling, flushes, numbness.), and the difficulties in suppressing intrusive thoughts constitute risk factors for the development of full PTSD. Moreover, the study identified that only the intensity of peri-traumatic physical reactions emerged as a risk factor for partial PTSD. These findings seem to underscore the significance of peri-traumatic experiences in influencing the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the significance of examining peri-traumatic reactions in PTSD development, suggesting its potential as a straightforward screening tool for post-traumatic stress disorder. It also underscores the influence of prior traumatic experiences, before de novo traumatization, in shaping vulnerability to PTSD and illuminates the crucial role of compromised control of intrusive thoughts that could perpetuate PTSD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1351695/fullpost-traumatic stress disorderpartial post-traumatic stress disorderterrorist attackpredictive factorsParis attacksoai:doaj.org/article:d654c319cba44c0984162df5410e142c2024-03-28T10:16:55ZTENDOkVudmlyb25tZW50YWwgc2NpZW5jZXM~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2024-03-011210.3389/fenvs.2024.13716591371659Envisioning sustainable sanitation planning: a unified approach of diffusion of innovation and theory of planned behavior in predicting ecosan toilet adoption in Arba Minch City, EthiopiaAbrham Kassa EjiguKumelachew YeshitelaThis study explores the adoption of ecological sanitation (ecosan) toilets in Arba Minch City, Ethiopia, using an integrated approach combining the diffusion of innovation (DOI) model and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The research aims to understand the complex associations between DOI variables (relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, trialability, and observability) and TPB constructs (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control) in predicting residents’ behavioral attitudes and intentions. Applying Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and bootstrapping techniques, the study investigates direct and indirect effects, offering a comprehensive analysis of the adoption process. The objectives include examining the influence of TPB and DOI constructs on residents’ intentions, unraveling direct and indirect effects on these intentions, and investigating variations among users of different toilet types in the city. The result of the study shows that attitude and perceived behavioral control are central to shaping intentions, aligning with TPB principles. Contextual factors like compatibility, relative advantage, and trayability reveal nuanced insights, deviating from conventional patterns. The study identifies attitude as a key moderator between DOI constructs and behavioral intention, enriching our understanding of the adoption process. In conclusion, the integrated DOI and TPB model provides nuanced perspectives on factors influencing behavioral attitudes and intentions toward ecosan toilet adoption. The crucial roles of perceived behavioral control and attitude underscore the importance of tailored interventions. The study’s insights are relevant for policymakers, practitioners, and development organizations working on sustainable sanitation practices in urban areas, contributing to broader sustainable development objectives.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1371659/fullthe theory of planned behaviordiffusion of innovationecological sanitationattitudemediating rolemulti-level analysisoai:doaj.org/article:47e1a645c1554b8b9018ee1e416de2482024-03-28T10:13:50ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~engCâmara Municipal de LisboaCadernos do Arquivo Municipal2183-31762024-03-012110.48751/CAM-2024-21336Mulheres operárias no 25 de Abril: lutas nas fábricas de componentes eletrónicos em 1974Pâmela Peres Cabreira0Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
O presente artigo tem por objetivo resgatar a história de milhares de mulheres operárias que lutaram pelo direito ao trabalho e por melhores condições de vida durante o período revolucionário português. Escolhemos, enquanto objeto de análise, o setor da produção de componentes eletrónicos onde a força de trabalho era maioritariamente feminina. Para este fim, selecionamos sobretudo as fábricas do grupo ITT – Standard Elétrica e Semicondutores –, Plessey e Applied Magnetics. Com o 25 de Abril de 1974, as possibilidades de mudança eram latentes e foram experimentadas pela classe trabalhadora, ainda que a historiografia deste período seja predominantemente masculina. Contrariando essa perceção, destacamos como as mulheres não apenas participaram, mas foram agentes ativas nas lutas desencadeadas nos diversos espaços sociais com destaque para os confrontos fabris.
https://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/33625 de AbrilMulheres operáriasRevoluçãoGéneroFábricaoai:doaj.org/article:cfccdecb77204fc486bf8b3480d5ae9a2024-03-28T10:13:49ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~engCâmara Municipal de LisboaCadernos do Arquivo Municipal2183-31762024-03-012110.48751/CAM-2024-21339Gomes, R. M., & Ó, J. R. do (Eds.). (2023). A Urgência da palavra impressa: A imprensa dos «intrépidos adolescentes» contra a ditadura (1970-1974). Tigre de PapelLuís Farinha0Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugalhttps://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/339oai:doaj.org/article:4d431fec62c946b7bfa0c5a5f70dcacb2024-03-28T10:13:49ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~engCâmara Municipal de LisboaCadernos do Arquivo Municipal2183-31762024-03-012110.48751/CAM-2024-21342Saraiva, T. (2022). Porcos fascistas: Organismos tecnocientíficos e a história do fascismo. DafneLourenzo Fernández Prieto0Universidade de Santiago de Compostelahttps://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/342oai:doaj.org/article:1825de9c88164128bf31b4d6968ffd2d2024-03-28T10:13:49ZTENDOkhpc3Rvcnkgb2YgUG9ydHVnYWw~engCâmara Municipal de LisboaCadernos do Arquivo Municipal2183-31762024-03-012110.48751/CAM-2024-21343O 25 de Abril e o Comité de Ligação dos Militantes Revolucionários Portugueses. Contributos para a história do trotskismo em PortugalJoão Moreira0Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
No II Congresso do Partido Socialista, em 1976, a única lista de oposição à direção de Mário Soares obteve 25% dos votos dos delegados. À cabeça do grupo estavam Carmelinda Pereira e António Aires Rodrigues – deputados constituintes e da I legislatura – que, acusados de se organizarem como uma fração trotskista, seriam expulsos nos meses seguintes. Este artigo pretende explicar a ação deste grupo no período aberto pelo 25 de Abril de 1974, contextualizando o seu percurso nos anos imediatamente anteriores. Entre as fontes analisadas contam-se entrevistas realizadas aos protagonistas, jornais nacionais e internacionais da época e a documentação proveniente do Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril, da Fundação Mário Soares e do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo.
https://cadernosarquivo.cm-lisboa.pt/index.php/am/article/view/343LambertismoOposiçãoPartidoRevoluçãoTrotskismooai:doaj.org/article:484d14f334184715a9bb8474ae8ede122024-03-28T10:13:24ZTENDOkNoZW1pc3RyeQ~~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462024-03-011210.3389/fchem.2024.13722921372292Inhibition of corrosion on API 5L X52 pipeline steel in acid media by Tradescantia spathaceaAdriana Rodríguez-Torres0María Guadalupe Valladares-Cisneros1German Chávez-Díaz2Víctor Martínez-Calzada3Alonso Saldaña-Heredia4Metropolitan Polytechnic University of Hidalgo–UPMH Tolcayuca Boulevard, Tolcayuca, MexicoSchool of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Autonomous University of Morelos State, Cuernavaca, Morelos, MexicoResearch Center for Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous University of Morelos State, Cuernavaca, Morelos, MexicoMetropolitan Polytechnic University of Hidalgo–UPMH Tolcayuca Boulevard, Tolcayuca, MexicoMetropolitan Polytechnic University of Hidalgo–UPMH Tolcayuca Boulevard, Tolcayuca, MexicoThe concentration effect of Tradescantia spathacea (T. spathacea) as corrosion inhibitor of API 5L X52 steel in 0.5 M of H2SO4 was studied here through electrochemical and gravimetric techniques. To achieve it, samples of the material were prepared to be submitted to each of the tests. Results from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that there was an optimum concentration of the inhibitor in which is reached the maximum inhibition efficiency, displaying the best inhibition characteristics for this system with a maximum inhibition of 89% by using 400 ppm. However, the efficiency decreased until 40% when the temperature was increased to 60°C. Potentiodynamic polarization curves (PDP) revealed that some of the present compounds of T. spathacea may affect anodic and cathodic process, so it can be classified as a mix-type corrosion inhibitor for API 5L X52 in sulfuric acid. Also, this compound followed an adsorption mechanism; this can be described through a Frumkin isotherm with an adsorption standard free energy difference (ΔG°) of −56.59 kJmol−1. Metal surface was studied through scanning electron microscope, results revealed that by adding inhibitor, the metal surface is protected; also, they evidenced low damages compared with the surface with no inhibitor. Finally, Tradescantia spathacea inhibited the corrosion process with 82% efficiency. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1372292/fullcorrosion inhibitorelectrochemical impedance spectroscopyinhibition efficiencypotentiodynamic polarization curvesweight lossoai:doaj.org/article:f7115c1c879c4176a839521d85887b292024-03-28T10:13:03ZTENDOk1pbGl0YXJ5IFNjaWVuY2U~engResearch and Development AcademyDefense and Security Studies2744-17412024-03-01510.37868/dss.v5.id204Sub-6GHz hand pump shaped microstrip antenna for 5G communicationAdnan Ahmetović0Şehabeddin Taha Imeci1Bilal Tütüncü2Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaCollege of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, KuwaitElectrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
The purpose of this paper is to explore the presented design of a hand-pump shaped microstrip antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G communication. This paper will first provide a brief overview of the antenna design and its capabilities. Meaning, overall impressive dimensions of 25.25 mm x 20.75 mm x 1.55 mm, with S11 being -16.82 dB at operating frequency of 5.16 GHz. Next, the paper will discuss the design of the antenna and how it can be optimized with a sub-6 GHz operating frequency, along with requirements. To reach the required specifications, inc. E- ≥ 5 GHz ≥ E-φ; S11 ≤-10, various geometrical parameters, among others, have been tested, resulting in two slots being added (slot a and slot b), in combination with various slits. Finally, an antenna is produced, and laboratory measurements are carried out for the validation of the results. Further discussing the potential benefits and drawbacks of using this antenna design for 5G applications.
https://journals.ardascience.com/index.php/dss/article/view/204oai:doaj.org/article:25fb6f1d2bcb41b7a7588f8a57620eb52024-03-28T10:13:03ZTENDOk1pbGl0YXJ5IFNjaWVuY2U~engResearch and Development AcademyDefense and Security Studies2744-17412024-03-01510.37868/dss.v5.id261Insider threat mitigation through human intelligence and counterintelligence: A case study in the shipping industryAnastasios-Nikolaos Kanellopoulos0Department of Business Administration, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece
This paper comprehensively examines the multifaceted motivations behind insider threats within organizations, elucidating driving forces such as financial gain, revenge, personal aspirations, ideological beliefs, coercion, and negligence. Understanding this spectrum is fundamental for crafting effective Counterintelligence strategies. The study delves into behavioral indicators crucial for identifying potential threats, emphasizing the significance of recognizing warning signs like unusual data access, unsanctioned software usage, escalated privilege requests, poor performance, disagreement with policies, and more.
Furthermore, the role of Human Intelligence (HUMINT) in Counterintelligence (CI) and insider threat detection is explored, highlighting its qualitative contribution to understanding human behavior. Plus, through a hypothetical case study in the Shipping industry, the paper illustrates the direct application of HUMINT principles in fortifying security against insider threats, considering the unique challenges of this dynamic sector. The case study strategically employs employee interviews, psychological assessments, social network analysis, and trust-building initiatives to proactively identify and mitigate potential threats, in an industry reliant on seamless global supply chain operations.
https://journals.ardascience.com/index.php/dss/article/view/261oai:doaj.org/article:d756f374e576468eb5b0ce9f9b130adb2024-03-28T10:12:38ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-01441698110.21852/sem.2023.1.079914Conflict As a Challenge for Personal Growth in the Educational TeamDavid Kraner0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-6508Faculty of Theology, University of Ljubljana,In interpersonal relationships between teachers and students, catechist and catechised, as well as in teaching and catechetical teams, communicological blockages and defence mechanisms are part of everyday life. These subjects have different expectations of each other, which in turn triggers resistance in the person. In their concrete experience, there are different observations, reflections and formation of abstract concepts. Conflicts are not always a bad thing. For Gestalt pedagogy, conflict situations present an opportunity for personal development, deepening relationships and growth of the whole group. Gestalt pedagogy uses methods to resolve conflict situations in a way that helps the individual to become aware of and reflect on his or her own feelings, memory traces, reactions and perspective on the conflict situation. Knowledge of the mechanisms of resistance and Gestalt methods for resolving communication blocks is a useful tool for team members (especially for novice teachers and mentor teachers) to build better quality relationships. Good relationships within a team can increase success at work.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/10533conflictgestalt pedagogydrawingverbalisationmentoringoai:doaj.org/article:f707f5308dc74616a6ae9f58fa49bfcc2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-0144210912110.21852/sem.2023.1616784Potęga słodyczy? proces infantylizacji japońskiej młodzieży. Subkultura "kawaii" i "otaku" w perspektywie antropologii wizualnejMarek Sokołowski0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2658-9880Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w OlsztynieCelem artykułu jest przedstawienie oryginalnej japońskiej subkultury młodzieżowej otaku związanej początkowo ze światem młodych chłopców oraz kultury kawaii przez badaczy społecznych wskazujących na jej związki z młodymi dziewczętami. Współczesna kultura kawaii jest obecna w japońskiej estetyce i kulturze popularnej od wielu lat, wspierana przez rządowy program „Cool Japan”. W opinii zarówno psychologów, jak i socjologów, urocze i słodkie kawaii, widoczne w reklamach, filmach animowanych, komiksach (mangach), zabawkach, modzie ulicznej, muzyce, a nawet specyficznym sposobie mówienia, powoduje proces infantylizacji młodzieży. Pojawia się kolejne pokolenie, które obawia się wejść w dorosłość. Kultura kawaii została poddana próbie interpretacji z wykorzystaniem metod antropologii wizualnej, przez niektórych autorów definiowanej jako etnografia wizualna.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12424subkulturyinfantylizacjajapońska młodzieżkawaiiotakuantropologia wizualnaoai:doaj.org/article:d25d381f03c14ca6977f9b2e778b21d92024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-01441193410.21852/sem.2023.1.0316429Youth in the Society During the Pandemic. Subjective Evaluation of the Pandemic and Its Objective Consequences for Students in the Remote Teaching ProcessKarol Leszczyński0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-500XInstitute for Catholic Church Statistics The article discusses problems related to the educational crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The crisis hit the whole society, but it especially affected disadvantaged groups by increasing the existing social inequalities. The article, moreover, analyses factors influencing various ways of experiencing the pandemic and its effects by particular groups of students, as this age group was most severely affected by the pandemic. Contrary to adults, almost all students were transferred to the remote education for a prolonged period of time. This article presents first of all a subjective assessment of the period of remote education made by students, their understanding of the situation, how they assessed teachers, parents and their colleagues. Next, the article points to both the protective and risk factors related to experiencing crises, especially in the context of family and religiousness. Finally, the article illustrates how the pandemic deepened the existing social problems rather than created new ones, primarily affecting the most vulnerable groups.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12070youthpandemiccovid-19religiousnessoai:doaj.org/article:cf88873ac11c43bb9e540f5e8aacfa362024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-01441596810.21852/sem.2023.1.0410629Wychowywać ku wartościom – ale ku jakim? Aksjologiczne dylematy edukacjiLidia Marszałek0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-9591Akademia Mazowiecka w PłockuNajprościej ujmując pojęcie wartości, można uznać, że określa ono to, co dla człowieka jest ważne i cenne. Prezentowany tekst zawiera refleksje na temat istoty pojęcia wartości oraz różnego rozumienia tego pojęcia. Wskazano w nim także drogi wychowania do wartości najwyższych, społecznych i pozytywnych wartości utylitarnych. Faktem jednak jest, iż we współczesnym świecie, zwłaszcza wśród młodych ludzi, dominują wartości hedonistyczne i nastawienie na własny dobrostan, korzyści, posiadanie wartościowych rzeczy i wygodę życia.
W treści artykułu podjęto dyskusję na temat tego, z jakich powodów młodzi ludzie preferują właśnie te wartości. Wskazano również dylematy wychowawców i nauczycieli, ku jakim wartościom należy kierować wychowanków, aby w zderzeniu ze współczesną rzeczywistością świata dorosłych nie ponieśli szkody. Czy na pewno kierunkować ich na wartości wyższe – przez co mogą stać się łatwą „ofiarą” dla innych ludzi, pragnących ich wykorzystać dla własnych celów, czy też raczej uczyć bezkompromisowej „walki o swoje”, co zapewni im w przyszłości sukcesy w życiu zawodowym i społecznym? Faktem jednak jest, iż żaden wychowawca nie zrezygnuje z prowadzenia swoich wychowanków ku wartościom najwyższym. Jak więc prowadzić wychowanie moralne i etyczne wychowanków, jednocześnie pomagając im w przygotowaniu się do realiów współczesnego świata? W zamieszczonych w tekście rekomendacjach pedagogicznych podjęto próbę pogodzenia tych dwóch obszarów wychowania.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/11302wartościwychowaniedylematy wychowawcyoai:doaj.org/article:cde90ae7239945e09d3f7c721c832f7a2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-0144113514710.21852/sem.2023.1.0611229Przykład wykorzystania koncepcji przebiegu procesów trajektoryjnych Fritza Schützego w badaniach biograficznych młodych dorosłychAgnieszka Rumianowska0a:1:{s:5:"pl_PL";s:19:"Akademia Mazowiecka";}W artykule przeanalizowano biografię dwudziestotrzyletniego mężczyzny, który swoją narrację skonstruował w planie trajektorii cierpienia, tj. doświadczenia wymykającego się próbom kontrolowania zewnętrznych okoliczności. W pierwszej części artykułu opisano założenia metodologiczne badań, omawiając metodę badań biograficznych i technikę wywiadu narracyjnego. W drugiej części tekstu analizie poddano zapis biografii uzyskanej w wyniku przeprowadzonego wywiadu narracyjnego, prezentując możliwości wykorzystania w badaniach empirycznych koncepcji przebiegu trajektorii cierpienia opracowanej przez Fritza Schützego.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/11957młodzi doroślibadania biograficznenarracjatrajektoria cierpieniaoai:doaj.org/article:cd6c94d9fe3a4f7c9a6b1f4edbfa389a2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282024-03-0145110.21852/sem.181217978Adoptive Youth Ministry of Chap Clark. A Critical Appraisal from a Catholic PerspectiveJason Pinto0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1638-8334Salesian Pontifical University, Based on the two fundamentals in Youth Ministry, namely the role of the youth in Youth Ministry as protagonists and subjects, as proposed in Christus Vivit, the apostolic exhortation on the Youth, a fresh thinking has been taking place in the Church. This study explores Youth Ministry based on the theology of Adoption propounded by Chap Clark, a Presbyterian Pastor from the United States, who has been in the field of Youth Ministry for the past 27 years. He proposes a Christian spirituality which is found in one’s belongingness to a community, which he terms as “Adoptive Youth Ministry.” The objective of Youth Ministry as adoption is for every child, every adolescent, and every young adult, to be so embraced by the community of faith that they are assured a home, a people, and a place where they can discover who they are and how they are able to contribute. It proposes a concrete step towards a process of integrating the youth in ecclesial life. A Catholic perspective on his method is an enrichment in the Church’s theology of Youth Ministry.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13594youth ministryadoptive youth ministrychap clarkecumenical youth ministrychristus vivitecclesio-centric youth ministryintergenerational youth ministryoai:doaj.org/article:c4df2dac25f8470b88031034b2d5296e2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-014429710810.21852/sem.2023.1.1516935Kayak Sport Club Olsztyn jako miejsce rozwijania sprawności fizycznej, pasji i zainteresowań u dzieci i młodzieżyKatarzyna Nosek-Kozłowska0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-1545Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w OlsztynieCelem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie kajakarstwa jako jednej z form spędzania czasu wolnego przez dzieci i młodzież, rozwijającej zainteresowania, pasje oraz sprawność fizyczną.
Badania dotyczące roli Klubu Sportowego KSC Olsztyn w kształtowaniu pasji i dzieci i młodzieży zrealizowano z wykorzystaniem metody studium przypadku oraz techniki wywiadu częściowo kierowanego, skoncentrowanego na problemie i obserwacji. Problematyka badawcza została ujęta w postaci następujących pytań: Jaką rolę spełnia kajakarstwo w procesie wychowania i socjalizacji młodych ludzi? W jaki sposób aktywność sportowa wpływa na zdrowie psychiczne i fizyczne młodzieży? Czy i w jaki sposób kajakarstwo staje się pasją młodzieży? Na podstawie opracowań naukowych dokonano zwięzłej charakterystyki kajakarstwa, form spędzania czasu wolnego przez współczesną młodzież, zdefiniowano pasje oraz wskazano rolę aktywności sportowej w życiu młodych ludzi. Refleksja nad podjętą problematyką wskazuje, że kajakarstwo to sport, który jest doskonałą formą socjalizacji młodych ludzi, a niesione przez ten rodzaj sportu wartości wychowawcze są nieocenione. Jest to sport, który zwiększa sprawność fizyczną młodzieży, kształtuje charakter, uczy odpowiedzialności i pozytywnie oddziałuje na psychikę. Treningi kajakarstwa są także okazją do budowania wartościowych relacji interpersonalnych.
Kajakarstwo jest godną polecenia formą aktywności fizycznej, często bywa uznawane za sport na całe życie, pozytywnie wpływający na funkcjonowanie człowieka. Istnieje ogromna potrzeba popularyzacji tego sportu, zwłaszcza z uwagi na istniejącą bardzo dużą potrzebę rozwijania kondycji fizycznej dzieci i młodzieży, która ze względu na prężny rozwój technologii i coraz większą ilość czasu spędzanego przez młodych ludzi przed ekranami różnorodnych urządzeń jest coraz słabsza.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12558kajakarstwopasjasprawność fizycznasportrozwójoai:doaj.org/article:b5054e7157f3473ca11744982b55fd652024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-01441839410.21852/sem.2023.1.0110081The Transhumanist Concept of Self-optimization in Religious-pedagogical ReflectionTibor Reimer0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5005-3942Faculty of Roman Catholic Theology of Cyril and Methodius - Comenius University Bratislava,The contemporary culture is explicitly permeated with ideas of Transhumanism. Based on principles such as technologizing and self-optimization, Transhumanism promotes the idea of constantly pushing the boundaries of immediate physical and psychological human existence. Self-optimization is about improving physical and cognitive as well as emotional and social performance. In this article, we want to explore the question of how religious education reflection takes up the transhumanist concept of self-optimization and to what extent it can be addressed in religious education. We will first focus on the basics of Transhumanism and then we will examine the topic of human nature and corporeality from a transhumanist perspective and try to implement it didactically in religious education.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/10724transhumanismself-optimizationreligious educationoai:doaj.org/article:ae93115de44244dd82884c18041f78212024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-01442354210.21852/sem.2023.1.1416960Aiding and Abetting in Suicide Among Children and AdolescentsKatarzyna Majchrzak0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-441XCardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw An increasing number of children and young people are committing suicide. Very often this occurs as a result of persuasion or with the provision of aid by peers. The purpose of this article is to introduce and explain the most important issues related to the offence under Article 151 of the Criminal Code. The perpetrator of the criminal act in question leads another person to take his or her own life. At the same time, it is not necessary for death to occur. The mere taking of actions directly aimed at suicide is sufficient.
Persuasion involves inducing another person to take his or her own life. The persuasion should be explicit in oral or written form. Providing assistance, on the other hand, may consist of providing a measure, giving advice or guidance.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12583suicidepersuasionproviding aidyoung peopleoai:doaj.org/article:aa6f63edd2dd407e946fe96172dd65a92024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-01441355810.21852/sem.2023.1.0916525Highly Religious Young Poles in the Process of TransformationRafał Boguszewski0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1831-4265Janusz Mariański1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-8000Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w WarszawieThe John Paul II Catholic University in LublinThe article describes highly religious young Poles who are at the stage of entering adulthood (aged 18-19 and attending the final grades of high school). In the empirical analysis, we use the existing data from quantitative research carried out in 1996, 2010, and 2021. The same methodology for the implementation of the survey, including sample selection, as well as a broadly comparable research tool, allowing to capture significant changes, tendencies, and trends that have occurred among young Poles in the last 25 years in terms of religiousness.
The data show that despite a significant decrease in the percentage of people who define themselves as religious, and even more so as regularly practicing religion, the percentage of deeply religious people and regular religious practitioners remains relatively constant (about 5% of the population of young Poles who have reached the age of majority). The question arises whether the socio-demographic structure of this group remains stable over the time and whether and to what extent it differs from the structure of other groups, including less religious and non-religious people. The article attempts to answer this question.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12166youthfaithreligious practicesvalue systemlate adolescenceoai:doaj.org/article:a697a0347e4549d38030424efec1314b2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-0144212313410.21852/sem.2023.1.1211268Wizja kościelnych studiów wyższych na podstawie Veritatis Gaudium papieża FranciszkaStanisław Chrobak0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-4580Milan Urbančok1https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6474-3340Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie,Uniwerstet Trnawski,Uniwersytet nieustannie podlega procesowi intensywnych przeobrażeń. Tytułowy dokument papieża Franciszka ukazuje aktualną panoramę nowych wyzwań w odniesieniu do tożsamości i działalności uniwersyteckiej. Papież, kierując się nauczaniem Soboru Watykańskiego II i doświadczeniem Kościoła zdobytym w minionych dziesięcioleciach, wskazuje na „kryteria odnowienia i odrodzenia wkładu studiów kościelnych w Kościół wychodzący na misję”. Ożywiając studia kościelne, dostrzega żywą potrzebę nadania nowego impulsu badaniom naukowym prowadzonym na uniwersytetach i wydziałach kościelnych. Chrześcijańska inspiracja pozwala uwzględniać w badaniach wymiar moralny, duchowy i religijny oraz oceniać zdobycze nauki i techniki z punktu widzenia integralnego dobra osoby ludzkiej. Chodzi zatem o to, by katolickie ideały, postawy i zasady przenikały i wypełniały różne formy działalności akademickiej, stosownie do ich natury i właściwej im autonomii.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/11998uniwersytet i studia kościelneodnowa nauczaniawyzwania kulturowewyzwania duchowewyzwania edukacyjneoai:doaj.org/article:9eed60da58014ad68419dcec600fa5c42024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-0144114915910.21852/sem.2023.1817825Socjologiczny obraz domu dla ukraińskich kobiet prowadzonego przez księży pallotynów w Ołtarzewie k. Warszawy. Sprawozdanie z badań PPPiW w perspektywie aplikacji analiz juwentologicznychMarcin Choczyński0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-9025Sławomir Zaręba1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7426-623XUniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie,Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie,Tekst stanowi informację o badaniach socjologicznych przeprowadzonych przez socjologów z Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w 2023 r. w pallotyńskim Centrum „Przyszłość dla Ukrainy”. Z uwagi na charakterystykę społeczną badanej próby, która składała się z ukraińskich kobiet – uchodźczyń wojennych – zdecydowano się na aplikację jakościowej metodologii opartej na technice wywiadu częściowo ustrukturyzowanego. Narzędziem badawczym stał się papierowy scenariusz wywiadu, a formą udzielania odpowiedzi esej pisemny udzielany bezpośrednio na rozdanych kobietom kartach – warto dodać, że wszystkie pytania przetłumaczono na język ukraiński. Przebywające w Ołtarzewie Ukrainki opisywały swoje doświadczenia i postawy odnośnie ośmiu obszarów: specyfiki miejsca, adaptacji, bezpieczeństwa, religijności, emocji, problemów, strat oraz planów i marzeń. Ostatecznie w badaniach wzięło udział 28 kobiet – mieszkanek Centrum – o heterogenicznych charakterystykach społeczno-demograficznych, co pozwoliło na oddanie wielowątkowego obrazu ich funkcjonowania w obecnych uwarunkowaniach.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13444ukraińskie kobietyołtarzewwojnaadaptacjabezpieczeństwoemocje oai:doaj.org/article:99bfbd4cbc3046049bed5e2bf15aacc32024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-0144213515010.21852/sem.2023.1716872Myśl i działalność wychowawcza ks. Alfonso Marii Fusco na rzecz dzieci zaniedbanych społecznieAndrzej Łuczyński0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6409-3283Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła IIWychowawcy na całym świecie spotykają się ze zjawiskiem zaniedbania społecznego dzieci i młodzieży. Generuje ono w życiu młodych ludzi wiele złożonych problemów o charakterze edukacyjnym i socjalizacyjnym, które domagają się odpowiednich strategii zaradczych. Artykuł prezentuje refleksję nad działalnością wychowawczą Alfonso Marii Fusco, włoskiego duchownego, wychowawcy i społecznika, którego życie i aktywność wychowawcza pozwalają odkryć oryginalny i ponadczasowy zamysł, który inspirował go do podejmowania różnych inicjatyw na rzecz dobra dziecka. Zawarte w artykule treści mogą posłużyć współczesnym nauczycielom i wychowawcom jako ważny punkt odniesienia w poszukiwaniu wartościowych praktyk pedagogicznych, które w sposób istotny mogą wzbogacić ich wiedzę i kompetencje edukacyjne. Ponadto w artykule postuluje się podejmowanie przez pedagogów inicjatyw wychowawczych i profilaktycznych mających na celu czynienie przestrzeni edukacyjnej wolnej od tzw. zachowań ryzykownych, które mogą się pojawić w życiu dzieci i młodzieży.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12496dziecimłodzieżwychowanieedukacjaprofilaktykawiarawykluczenie społeczneoai:doaj.org/article:96071360cf874132b86d008445aa81252024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-01442435210.21852/sem.180817585Chrześcijańska wizja patriotyzmu w wybranych spektaklach dla dzieci i młodzieżyMariusz Lach0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7011-7480Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II,Wychowanie do patriotyzmu w duchu chrześcijańskim jest istotnym elementem rozwoju dzieci i młodzieży. Skupia się ono na ukazaniu istotnej roli, jaką spełnia tradycja, w której wyjątkowe postaci mogą być wzorem do naśladowania. Ważną rolę w tym procesie pełnią różne aktywności teatralne, przygotowywane przez młodych i skierowane do ich rówieśników. Wśród wielu bardzo słabych przedstawień teatralnych dostrzec można w ostatnich latach pojawiające się środowiska, które w coraz bardziej świadomy sposób podchodzą do tego zadania. Działając na polu bioteatru, stwarzają (często będąc tego nieświadomymi) tzw. „biogramaty”. Zaprezentowane w artykule postaci ukazane przez wybrane zespoły teatralne są przykładem ukazującym kierunek rozwoju tej części działań artystycznych skierowanych do dzieci i młodzieży.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13207teatr amatorskiteatr młodzieżowybiogramatbioteatrpatriotyzmwychowanieoai:doaj.org/article:785a73a30a034719a60d1dbcf575006d2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-0144151710.21852/sem.2023.1.0216659Młodzież w (po)pandemicznym KościeleDariusz Kurzydło0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1777-8746Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w WarszawiePandemia koronawirusa sparaliżowała codzienne funkcjonowanie wielu instytucji, także skomplikowała życie w Kościele. Nie spowodowała jednak kryzysu religijnego, który ma bardziej złożone korzenie i zdaniem wielu badaczy jest raczej wynikiem podążania za decyzją wynikającą z powodów światopoglądowych niż medycznych. Niezależnie od tego wciąż pogarsza się kondycja psychiczna ludzi młodych, co ma bezpośredni związek z obecną destrukcją życia społecznego. Autor w niniejszym artykule dokonuje analizy wypowiedzi adolescentów dotyczących warunków, jakie stawiają Kościołowi, by zechcieli w nim pozostać. Na ich podstawie próbuje naszkicować nowy paradygmat pracy z młodzieżą, wykorzystując wskazania autorów nowego Dyrektorium katechetycznego dotyczące inspiracji katechumenalnej. Autor konkluduje, że podstawą budowania modelu formacyjnego jest uznanie, że podmiotem wychowania jest osoba-w-rozwoju. Wiąże tę tezę z zainteresowaniem młodzieży wstąpieniem do takiej wspólnoty eklezjalnej, która potrafi docenić aktualne wyzwania, przed jakimi stoi nastolatek.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12299nastolatekpandemiakatecheza młodzieżymodele formacjioai:doaj.org/article:5bac0b0345e442888160cf6e7db84e262024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-01442859310.21852/sem.2023.1.1310934Odpowiedzialność Kościoła za sport dzieci i młodzieży w świetle nauczania papieża FranciszkaZbigniew Dziubiński0a:1:{s:5:"pl_PL";s:42:"Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Warszawie";}Celem artykułu jest ukazanie nauczania papieża Franciszka na temat sportu i potrzeby aktywnej obecności Kościoła na jego gruncie, w oparciu o analizy papieskiego dokumentu zatytułowanego Dać z siebie to, co najlepsze, w chrześcijańskiej perspektywie sportu i osoby ludzkiej, ale także innych przesłań i wypowiedzi, stanowiska Franciszka dotyczącego odpowiedzialności Kościoła za tę wspólnotę dzieci i młodzieży, jaką jest sport. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że papież Franciszek potwierdza odpowiedzialność Kościoła za sport, który jest fenomenem globalnym, mającym liczne walory, które mogą być wykorzystane do pełnego i harmonijnego rozwoju młodego człowieka w jego wymiarze sprawnościowo-zdrowotnym, społeczno-kulturowym oraz etyczno-duchowym. Kościół przez swoich duszpasterzy uczestniczy we wszystkich jego wymiarach i etapach rozwoju, zarówno w budowaniu humanistycznego i personalistycznego jego oblicza, jak również w jego praktyce społecznej.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/11636sportkościółdzieci i młodzieżnauczanie papieża franciszkaoai:doaj.org/article:59c037dd63804bf788be52b7b25018172024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-0144110911810.21852/sem.2023.1.1016782Zakres działań kuratorów sądowych realizowanych w ramach nadzorów jako samoistnych środków wychowawczych nad nieletnimi w świetle przepisów prawnychKatarzyna Zaremba0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-8417Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Humanistyczny im. Kazimierza Pułaskiego w Radomiu.Przestępczość i demoralizacja nieletnich budzi niepokój społeczny wielu środowisk. Prawnym i czynnościowym remedium na to zjawisko jest instytucja kuratora sądowego. W ostatnim czasie w polskim prawie wprowadzono nowe regulacje postępowania wobec nieletnich. Celem artykułu jest opis zakresu działań kuratorów sądowych wobec nieletnich w świetle obowiązujących przepisów prawnych. Przedstawiono statystyczny obraz demoralizacji i przestępczości nieletnich oraz zakres działań kuratorów. Posłużono się metodą analizy literatury i przepisów prawnych (desk research), oraz analizą danych statystycznych. Okazało się, że skala przestępczości nieletnich ma tendencję malejącą, a zadania kuratorów sądowych charakter komplementarny.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12422nieletnidemoralizacjaprzestępczośćkuratorresocjalizacjaoai:doaj.org/article:59ae1573077647208da62372fe65d5da2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-01442698310.21852/sem.2023.1.1116840Rola aktywności młodzieży ukraińskiej - uchodźców wojennych w rozwoju ich tożsamości kulturowej. Doświadczenia ukraińskich uczniów szkoły średniejKinga Lisowska0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8404-4363Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w OlsztynieW artykule skupiono się na określeniu roli działalności uchodźców ukraińskich – młodzieży w wieku 17-19 lat – na rzecz ukraińskiej tożsamości kulturowej. Za pośrednictwem wywiadów indywidualnych zebrano materiał, który pozwolił na: skategoryzowanie przedsięwzięć podejmowanych przez badanych w środowisku szkolnym, domowym i w grupie rówieśniczej, sprzyjających rozpowszechnianiu świadomości ukraińskiej wspólnoty kulturowej; określenie ich oczekiwań w zakresie rozwoju ich tożsamości. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że aktywności reprezentowane przez badanych są jednym z głównych determinantów rozwoju tożsamości kulturowej młodych wojennych uchodźców ukraińskich.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12471mniejszość ukraińskaszkoła ponadpodstawowatożsamość kulturowatożsamość zbiorowauchodźcy wojennioai:doaj.org/article:4c9baa7aba2b4b79ba4031d80dab21ea2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-0144251610.21852/sem.180917586“Being with” or Salesian Assistance in the Digital AgeJanez Vodičar0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-1077University of Ljubljana, St. John Bosco demonstrated his teaching method most clearly in a letter from Rome in 1884, in which he established the loving presence of the educator as the foundation of Salesian pedagogy. In the long and varied pedagogical practice of the Salesians, the so-called assistance played an essential role in the visibility of a specific educational model. In a modern society of individualism, assistance is often understood as control. In this context, the emphasis on freedom of conscience makes it particularly difficult to find a presence that wants to share and transmit Christianity. In this article, we highlight the difficulties that such an understanding poses for the entire field of education today. Especially in the age of digitalization, when young people are increasingly chained to their electronic devices and less and less capable of having genuine relationships, this loving presence of which Don Bosco writes is all the more necessary. Using the concrete example of a Salesian educational institution, we show that such a pedagogical orientation is not only an option, but that assistance with the traits of Christianity in practice can be effectively used to work with young people even in the digital age.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13208assistance salesian educationst. john bosco digital religious education letter from rome oai:doaj.org/article:3848b2a57a96435dac3f49d797fc15382024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282024-03-0145110.21852/sem.181317782Rola sumienności w religijno-moralnym funkcjonowaniu młodych dorosłychSebastian Śmiałek0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1623-7726Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II,Według Pięcioczynnikowego Modelu Osobowości autorstwa P. Costy i R. McCrae osoba sumienna charakteryzuje się silną wolą, jest zmotywowana do działania, wytrwała i obowiązkowa. Wszystkie te predyspozycje można wykorzystać także w sferze religijno-moralnej. Okresem rozwojowym, który obfituje w zadania wymagające sumienności, a jednocześnie stanowi okazję do dokonywania wyborów moralnych i religijnych jest okres wczesnej dorosłości.
Celem niniejszego artykułu było zaprezentowanie roli, jaką sumienność może pełnić w moralno-religijnym funkcjonowaniu młodych dorosłych. W pracy zestawiono w sposób teoretyczny sumienność jako cechę osobowości ze zdolnościami moralnymi i religijnymi charakterystycznymi dla osób znajdujących się w okresie wczesnej dorosłości. W tym celu zastosowano analizę jakościową w oparciu o teorie naukowe z dziedziny psychologii oraz wyniki badań socjologicznych i psychologicznych. Zestawienie to dało podstawy do sformułowania wniosku, iż sumienność łączy się z aspektem moralno-religijnym, a jej czynniki, takie jak obowiązkowość i samodyscyplina, mogą pomagać w religijno-moralnym funkcjonowaniu młodych dorosłych. Obowiązkowość może wspierać jednostkę w dążeniu do spójności pomiędzy wyznawanymi normami a podejmowanymi decyzjami. Samodyscyplina pozwala realizować te normy, zwłaszcza gdy osoba musi konfrontować je z innymi życiowymi wyzwaniami. Otwiera to także pole do dalszych badań oraz do tworzenia skutecznych form pomocy w realizacji zadań rozwojowych w okresie wczesnej dorosłości.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13403sumiennośćmoralnośćreligijnośćwczesna dorosłośćosobowośćoai:doaj.org/article:1d3424ce4d084702af8c3a8cb71315e32024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-014419510810.21852/sem.2023.1.0510628Przygotowanie ucznia w polskiej szkole średniej do współczesnego rynku pracy (na przykładzie technikum mechatronicznego)Katarzyna Pardej0a:1:{s:5:"pl_PL";s:56:"Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej";}W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań własnych przeprowadzonych w polskiej szkole średniej, których celem było poznanie wiedzy na temat roli nauczyciela przedmiotów zawodowych w przygotowaniu ucznia do współczesnego rynku pracy. Problemem badawczym było przygotowanie ucznia technikum do zaistnienia i funkcjonowania na obecnym rynku pracy i jego związek z rolą nauczyciela przedmiotów zawodowych w opinii uczniów. Wykorzystano metodę badań fokusowych, gdzie techniką badawczą był wywiad fokusowy. Spotkanie grupy skoligaconej składającej się z pięciu osób trwało godzinę. Uczestnikami byli uczniowie klas trzecich technikum. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. W artykule omówiono plany edukacyjno-zawodowe uczniów po ukończeniu technikum, efekty kształcenia czyniące uczniów konkurencyjnymi na współczesnym rynku pracy, opinię uczniów o nauczycielach przedmiotów zawodowych pod kątem przygotowania ich do wykonywania zawodu, zaangażowanie uczniów w naukę zawodu, a także zaprezentowano poziom wiedzy uczniów na temat aktualnego rynku pracy i oczekiwań pracodawcy.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/11301nauczyciel przedmiotów zawodowychtechnik mechatronikrynek pracyuczeń technikumpolska szkoła średniapolskaoai:doaj.org/article:11bea03365284c38853f5e17c23137b32024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-0144215115710.21852/sem.181117736Szkoły salezjańskie inspiracją dla współczesnej edukacjiJoanna Dąbrowska0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1490-7864Uniwersytet w Białymstoku,Recenzja książki Łukasza Kalisza pt. Funkcje społeczne szkół salezjańskich w Okręgu Szkolnym Wileńskim w okresie Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej, wydanej nakładem Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku (Białystok 2021, ss. 257). Autor publikacji przybliża znaczącą rolę szkół salezjańskich w historii polskiego szkolnictwa i pokazuje ponadczasowe rozwiązania oświatowe. Książka jest rezultatem szeroko zakrojonej kwerendy badacza w archiwach i bibliotekach na terenie Polski, Litwy i Białorusi. Ma charakter monograficzny, łączy aspekty historyczne, społeczne i edukacyjne.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13358recenzjaszkoły salezjańskieokręg szkolny wileński w drugiej rzeczypospolitejjkwerenda w archiwachoai:doaj.org/article:0b5b9b26ab24486b9673f4dfb9d4436a2024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-01442435210.21852/sem.181018365The War in Ukraine: Challenges for the Polish Education SystemWawrzyniec Roch Kowalski0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9431-9567Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Poland, Department of Education and Inclusive Education, The article takes a closer look at the most relevant issues related to the sudden influx of refugees from Ukraine fleeing from the war to Poland. A significant part of them, according to Polish law, is of an age that is subject to compulsory education or schooling. In view of this, in a short period of time, almost 200 thousand pupils from Ukraine were placed in the units of the Polish education system. The purpose of this article is to present the scale of the problem – statistical data on pupils who are refugees, citizens of Ukraine, the measures taken by the Government of the Republic of Poland and the Ministry of Education and Science that were necessary to meet the considerable challenges, primarily the legal regulations and financial resources allocated from the state budget to provide these measures. According to the reported data, almost 198.3 thousand children and pupils who have arrived from Ukraine since 24 February 2022 (currently more than 182 thousand) are listed in the units of the Polish education system (in pre-school education, primary and secondary schools). Children and pupils – refugees from Ukraine can be found in all 16 provinces, all across Poland, although almost 40% are concentrated in provincial cities, with the highest number in Warsaw – 17 thousand and about 8 thousand in Wrocław and Kraków each. Faced with this situation, a number of ad hoc systemic changes have been introduced and financial resources of around PLN 3 billion have been allocated from the state budget. The war in Ukraine and the exodus caused by it has become a considerable challenge for the Polish education system. Poland, despite the lack of external financial assistance (including from the European Union), opened the doors of its borders, homes and schools from the first days of this military conflict, providing the necessary support to refugees and introducing the necessary systemic changes to enable the absorption of such a large number of children and young people, in a short period of time, in the middle of the school year.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/13942war in ukraineeducation of ukrainians in polandeducation/learningwar refugeesrefugee childrenpolish education systemeducational assistance for war refugeesoai:doaj.org/article:0a423945e8b44189941a4505c9d344482024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-12-01442173310.21852/sem.180716409Rodzicielstwo zawieszone w sytuacji resocjalizacji dziecka przebywającego w młodzieżowym ośrodku wychowawczymAgnieszka Roguska0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1500Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w SiedlcachTekst przybliża znaczenie i zadania rodzicielstwa zawieszonego w warunkach przebywania nieletniego w MOW podczas jego resocjalizacji. Publikacja bazuje na ponad 5-letnim doświadczeniu w pracy na stanowisku psychoterapeuty uzależnień autorki tekstu. W ciągu tych kilku lat przeprowadzono wielogodzinne rozmowy z ponad 125 wychowankami podczas sesji terapeutycznych oraz ich rodzicami. Analizie poddano także dokumenty podopiecznych. Nieletni przebywają w ośrodku od kilku tygodni, częściej miesięcy do nawet kilku lat, np. 3-4 lata. W tekście znajdują się zadania stojące przed rodziną dziecka przebywającego w ośrodku oraz nawiązanie i rozumienie takich pojęć, jak: rodzicielstwo zawieszone, resocjalizacja, readaptacja, style przywiązania. Materiał zawiera także infografiki dotyczące przyczyn kierowania nieletnich do MOW oraz możliwości wsparcia dziecka i rodziców/opiekunów z pomocą tego ośrodka. Ponadto zawiera sugestie odnośnie do systemu resocjalizacji nieletnich i wskazówki dla praktyków.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/12050młodzieżowy ośrodek wychowawczyresocjalizacjareadaptacjanieletnirodzicielstwo zawieszoneoai:doaj.org/article:06d9f31e99af485d8dbc9c28954e46632024-03-28T10:12:37ZTENDOkVkdWNhdGlvbg~~TENDOlNvY2lhbCBTY2llbmNlcw~~engThe Francis de Sales Scientific Society (TNFS.PL)Seminare1232-87662450-13282023-06-0144111913410.21852/sem.2023.1.0810452Nasilenie objawów depresji a kryzys ćwierci życia u młodych dorosłychMonika Dacka0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7029-7696Natalia Mazur1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-2165Agnieszka Kulik2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-4159Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła IIKatolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła IIKatolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła IICelem prowadzonych badań było określenie zależności występujących między nasileniem objawów depresji a występowaniem kryzysu ćwierci życia u osób w okresie wschodzącej dorosłości. W prowadzonych analizach uwzględniono Kwestionariusz Kryzysu Rozwojowego Pietrova i in. w opracowaniu własnym i Skalę Beznadziejności Becka oraz ankietę personalną. Badanie realizowano onlinie. Przebadano 122 osoby w przedziale wiekowym między 23 - 30 lat, w tym 87,7% kobiet. W zrealizowanych badaniach 20,5% młodych dorosłych doświadczyło kryzysu ćwierćwiecza. U pozostałych 79,5% osób zaobserwowano nasilenie objawów kryzysu w stopniu nie uprawniającym do identyfikacji kryzysu. Dwa czynniki pozwoliły wyjaśnić doświadczanie kryzysu ćwierci życia: afektywne poczucie beznadziejności i poznawcze poczucie beznadziejności. Jeżeli nasilenie afektywnego poczucia beznadziejności wzrośnie o jedną jednostkę, prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia kryzysu wzrasta 2,37 razy; jeżeli nasilenie poznawczego poczucia beznadziejności wzrośnie o jedną jednostkę, prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia kryzysu wzrasta 1,61 razy. Wykonane analizy pozwoliły dostrzec różny stopień nasilenia poczucia beznadziejności oraz objawów kryzysu ćwierci życia. Nasilenie negatywnego nastawienia do przyszłości, spostrzeganie jej jako niejasnej, niepewnej, poczucie nieodnalezienia się w rzeczywistości, zwiększało prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia kryzysu.https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/s/article/view/11115kryzys ćwierci życiadepresjamłodzi doroślioai:doaj.org/article:89d31e824047448388eaeea4d78199342024-03-28T10:12:14ZTENDOkRpc2Vhc2VzIG9mIHRoZSBkaWdlc3RpdmUgc3lzdGVtLiBHYXN0cm9lbnRlcm9sb2d5engTaylor & Francis GroupGut Microbes1949-09761949-09842024-12-0116110.1080/19490976.2024.2333463Oral pathobiont Klebsiella chaperon usher pili provide site-specific adaptation for the inflamed gut mucosaYijie Guo0Sho Kitamoto1Gustavo Caballero-Flores2Yeji Kim3Daisuke Watanabe4Kohei Sugihara5Gabriel Núñez6Christopher J. Alteri7Naohiro Inohara8Nobuhiko Kamada9Department of Psychiatry and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, ChinaWPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, JapanDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAWPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, JapanDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADepartment of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan–Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USADivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAABSTRACTThe ectopic gut colonization by orally derived pathobionts has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). For example, gut colonization by orally derived Klebsiella spp. has been linked to IBD in mice and humans. However, the mechanisms whereby oral pathobionts colonize extra-oral niches, such as the gut mucosa, remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a high-density transposon (Tn) screening to identify genes required for the adaptation of an oral Klebsiella strain to different mucosal sites – the oral and gut mucosae – at the steady state and during inflammation. We find that K. aerogenes, an oral pathobiont associated with both oral and gut inflammation in mice, harbors a newly identified genomic locus named “locus of colonization in the inflamed gut (LIG)” that encodes genes related to iron acquisition (Sit and Chu) and host adhesion (chaperon usher pili [CUP] system). The LIG locus is highly conserved among K. aerogenes strains, and these genes are also present in several other Klebsiella species. The Tn screening revealed that the LIG locus is required for the adaptation of K. aerogenes in its ectopic niche. In particular, we determined K. aerogenes employs a CUP system (CUP1) present in the LIG locus for colonization in the inflamed gut, but not in the oral mucosa. Thus, oral pathobionts likely exploit distinct adaptation mechanisms in their ectopically colonized intestinal niche compared to their native niche.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19490976.2024.2333463Klebsiellaoral microbiotapathobiontsperiodontitisinflammatory bowel diseasegut microbiotaoai:doaj.org/article:beae0008b7124527b46d3683c8a79c562024-03-28T10:09:58ZTENDOlNjaWVuY2U~engThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032024-03-0111310.1098/rsos.231694PMMA bone cement with L-arginine/nano fish bone nanocomplex for apatite formationGessica Aurel Khoman0Muhammad Harza Arbaha Kalijaga1Nuning Aisah2Riastuti Fidyaningsih3Jarot Raharjo4Oka P. Arjasa5Ekavianty Prajatelistia6Materials Science and Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132, IndonesiaMaterials Science and Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132, IndonesiaAdvanced Material Research Center, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Setu Serpong , South Tangerang, Banten 15314, IndonesiaAdvanced Material Research Center, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Setu Serpong , South Tangerang, Banten 15314, IndonesiaAdvanced Material Research Center, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Setu Serpong , South Tangerang, Banten 15314, IndonesiaAdvanced Material Research Center, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Setu Serpong , South Tangerang, Banten 15314, IndonesiaMaterials Science and Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132, IndonesiaBone cement is one of the materials used in orthopaedics that serves various functions, such as binding bone implants, replacing damaged bones and filling spaces within bones. Various materials have been used to synthesize bone cement, and one promising material for further research is fish bone waste-based bone cement. This study investigates the potential of fish bone waste-based bone cement by incorporating nano fish bone (NFB) and L-arginine (L-Arg) protein into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to examine apatite growth. NFB derived from the Salmo salar fish positively influences osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation, while L-Arg enhances biocompatibility and antibiotic properties. The NFB/L-Arg combination holds promise in accelerating new bone formation and cell growth, both of which are crucial for fracture healing and bone remodelling. Tensile strength tests reveal the superior performance of BC-PMMA-1-NFB/L-Arg (36.11 MPa) compared with commercial PMMA (32 MPa). Immersion tests with simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 7 days reveal accelerated apatite layer formation, emphasizing the potential benefits of NFB/L-Arg in bone cement applications.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.231694nano fish bonePMMAbone cementhydroxyapatiteL-argininesimulated body fluidoai:doaj.org/article:a2c88d7fb440476ca1cbbedc418552332024-03-28T10:08:20ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGVuZ2luZWVyaW5nLiBDb21wdXRlciBoYXJkd2FyZQ~~TENDOkVsZWN0cm9uaWMgY29tcHV0ZXJzLiBDb21wdXRlciBzY2llbmNlengIOP PublishingMachine Learning: Science and Technology2632-21532024-01-015101505710.1088/2632-2153/ad360dQudit machine learningSebastián Roca-Jerat0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5948-4263Juan Román-Roche1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2995-6615David Zueco2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4478-1948Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009, SpainInstituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009, SpainInstituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza 50009, SpainWe present a comprehensive investigation into the learning capabilities of a simple d -level system (qudit). Our study is specialized for classification tasks using real-world databases, specifically the Iris, breast cancer, and MNIST datasets. We explore various learning models in the metric learning framework, along with different encoding strategies. In particular, we employ data re-uploading techniques and maximally orthogonal states to accommodate input data within low-dimensional systems. Our findings reveal optimal strategies, indicating that when the dimension of input feature data and the number of classes are not significantly larger than the qudit’s dimension, our results show favorable comparisons against the best classical models. This trend holds true even for small quantum systems, with dimensions d < 5 and utilizing algorithms with a few layers ( $L = 1,2$ ). However, for high-dimensional data such as MNIST, we adopt a hybrid approach involving dimensional reduction through a convolutional neural network. In this context, we observe that small quantum systems often act as bottlenecks, resulting in lower accuracy compared to their classical counterparts.https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/ad360dquantum machine learningquantum technologiesquantum computingquditoai:doaj.org/article:c331052a7aaa4ca0875ded169666eed02024-03-28T10:05:26ZTENDOkdlbmVyYWwgV29ya3M~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Energy Research2296-598X2024-03-011210.3389/fenrg.2024.13726121372612A cloud-edge cooperative scheduling model and its optimization method for regional multi-energy systemsShuo Liu0Yun Teng1SongQing Cheng2NingWei Xu3Peng Sun4Kun Zhang5Zhe Chen6School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaThe Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DenmarkIn the process of multi-energy system optimal scheduling, due to the high data processing requirements of the multi-energy devices and loads and the complexity of the operating states of the multi-energy devices, the scheduling optimization of the system is to some extent more difficult. To address this problem, this paper proposes a regional multi-energy system optimal scheduling model based on the theory of cloud-edge collaboration. First, based on intelligent data sensors, a cloud-edge cooperative scheduling framework of the regional multi-energy system is constructed. Then, the physical model of operating state data of multi-energy system equipment and the allocation mechanism of system scheduling tasks are studied. With the cloud service application layer and the edge computing layer as the upper and lower optimization scheduling layers, the double-layer optimization scheduling model of the regional multi-energy system is established. The objectives of the model are optimal scheduling cost and minimum delay of scheduling data transmission. The multi-objective whale optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, a simulation model is built for verification. The simulation results show that the scheduling model established in this paper can effectively improve the scheduling data processing capability and improve the economy of regional multi-energy system scheduling.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2024.1372612/fullregional multi-energy systemedge computingcloud-edge collaborationphysical perceptionoptimized schedulingoai:doaj.org/article:fad0b07c13714e28abd146613deef3982024-03-28T10:05:16ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~engSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762024-03-011010.1177/20552076241242328Larger-scale feasibility trial of the families moving forward (FMF) connect mobile health intervention for caregivers raising children with fetal alcohol spectrum disordersC.L.M. Petrenko0C. Kautz-Turnbull1M.N. Rockhold2C. Tapparello3A. Roth4S. Zhang5B. Grund6B. Wood7H. Carmichael Olson8
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, , New York, USA
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Mt. Hope Family Center, , New York, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, , Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USAObjective Caregivers raising children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have limited access to evidence-based supports. This single-arm feasibility trial assesses the Families Moving Forward (FMF) Connect app to determine readiness for a larger randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods Eligibility for this online trial included caregivers of children (ages 3–12) with FASD residing in the United States. Caregivers received FMF Connect for 12 weeks on their personal smartphones (iOS or Android). Pre- and post-assessments included child behavior, parenting and family functioning, and app quality; user experience interviews were conducted post-intervention. Usage and crashes were monitored. Study objectives assessed feasibility of the trial (recruitment, attrition, measure sensitivity), intervention (technical functionality, acceptability), and implementation (caregiver usage). Results Recruitment strategies proved sufficient with 171 caregivers screened and 105 deemed eligible. Analyses identified a few predictive demographic and outcome variables related to attrition. Several study measures were sensitive to change. Additional trial and measurement improvements were identified. From a technological perspective, the FMF Connect app was functional; the Android prototype required morehttps://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241242328oai:doaj.org/article:ee199cb63e7f4d9880f55c4ab8427cc22024-03-28T10:05:12ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~engSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762024-03-011010.1177/20552076241242667Rural patients’ experiences with anesthesia and surgical consultations in British Columbia: A survey-based comparison between virtual and in-person modalitiesJude Kornelsen0Matilda Taylor1Sean Ebert2Tom Skinner3Kathrin Stoll4
Centre for Rural Health Research, Department of Family Practice, , Vancouver, Canada
Centre for Rural Health Research, Department of Family Practice, , Vancouver, Canada
Rural Coordination Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Rural Coordination Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Centre for Rural Health Research, Department of Family Practice, , Vancouver, CanadaIntroduction Rural patients face barriers to accessing surgical care and often need to travel long distance for pre- or post-surgical consultations. Although adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the efficacy of virtual care, there is minimal data available to evaluate patient satisfaction with this modality and consequent health service utilization if virtual services are not available. Methods An online survey was conducted with participants living in rural British Columbia, Canada who had undergone surgery within 12 months of data collection and had either virtual or face-to-face pre- or post-surgical consultations. It was supplemented by an in-person survey administered in two rural sites to all patients who had a virtual visit prior to undergoing procedural care. A ten-point scale was used to assess satisfaction. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed. Results Findings from the province-wide survey (n = 163) revealed no significant differences in average satisfaction ratings between people with in-person and virtual surgical consultations (8.03 versus 8.38, p = 0.26). However, most participants indicated that virtual appointments saved them time traveling, energy, and money and made them less dependent on others, accruing significant social benefit. In the community-focused sample (n = 71), 38% said they would not have had the procedure without a virtual visit option and 21% said that they would have delayed the procedure. Virtual consultations saved patients an average of 9 h (range 1–90). Participants traveled an average of 427 kilometers round trip to have the procedures. Conclusion Findings reveal costs and time saved in accessing care due to the introduction of pre- and post-operative virtual care visits, and further investments in virtual care are warranted. This will contribute to promoting equitable access to healthcare for rural residents.https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241242667oai:doaj.org/article:ce22937f71df43c9bceba880f5e8e03a2024-03-28T10:05:08ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~engSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762024-03-011010.1177/20552076241241381Evaluating the risk of developing hyperuricemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and machine learning algorithmQingquan Chen0Haiping Hu1Qing He2Xinfeng Huang3Huanhuan Shi4Xiangyu Cao5Xiaoyang Zhang6Youqiong Xu7
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, ChinaBackground Hyperuricemia is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus and can lead to serious consequences such as gout and kidney disease. Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from six different communities in Fuzhou were recruited from June to December 2022. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests were conducted to collect data on various variables. Variable screening steps were performed using univariate and multivariate stepwise regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and Boruta feature selection. The dataset was divided into a training-testing set (80%) and an independent validation set (20%). Six machine learning models were built and validated. Results A total of 8243 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in this study. According to Occam's razor method, the LASSO regression algorithm was determined to be the optimal risk factors selection method, and nine variables were identified as parameters for the risk assessment model. The absence of diabetes medication and elevated fasting blood glucose levels exhibited a negative correlation with the risk of hyperuricemia. Conversely, seven other variables demonstrated a positive association with the risk of hyperuricemia among patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among the six machine learning models, the artificial neural network (ANN) model demonstrated the highest performance. It achieved an areas under curve of 0.736, accuracy of 68.3%, sensitivity of 65.0%, specificity of 72.2%, precision of 73.6% and F1-score of 69.0%. Conclusions We developed an ANN model to better evaluate the risk of hyperuricemia in the type 2 diabetes population. In the type 2 diabetes population, women should pay particular attention to their uric acid levels, and type 2 diabetics should not neglect their obesity level, blood pressure, kidney function and lipid profile during their regular medical check-ups, in order to do their best to avoid the risks associated with the combination of type 2 diabetes and hyperuricemia.https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241241381oai:doaj.org/article:aff1e0ca630b462997e8696e5b7aaf182024-03-28T10:05:04ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~engSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762024-03-011010.1177/20552076241240235Barriers and challenges to telemedicine usage among the elderly population in Israel in light of the COVID-19 era: A qualitative studyMotti Haimi0Uri Goren1Zachi Grossman2
Department of Digital Medical Technologies, , Holon, Israel
Innovation Center, , Kfar Saba, Israe
Adelson School of Medicine, , Ariel, IsraelBackground Although there may still be many challenges to its adoption, telemedicine is becoming more and more popular for helping elderly people preserve their independence and continue to live in their own homes. We intended to investigate the challenges and barriers (if any) experienced by the elderly population when using telemedicine services in Israel. Methods Fourteen elderly people were recruited for the study and interviewed in person using a semistructured interview protocol, using a qualitative technique. Participants’ replies were evaluated and analyzed thematically. The participants were questioned regarding their usage of telehealth services, the benefits they perceive in them, any potential difficulties or hurdles to use, and suggestions they had for making these services more readily available and simpler to use for the elderly. Results Most participants recognized the advantages of telehealth services, particularly for the elderly population during pandemics and normal times. However, most of them also expressed various challenges that face the elderly population in using these services. Many participants were concerned that the quality of telemedicine sessions may not be good enough compared to in-person sessions, and expressed a lack of confidence in telemedicine services, and frustration from the absence of in-person interaction and communication. Many participants highlighted the technological challenges in the use of computers and applications in general and in the context of healthcare, in particular, in addition to physiological and literacy difficulties. Finally, the participants suggested several ways to increase the accessibility and usage of telemedicine solutions by elderly people. Conclusions A proactive approach to identifying and resolving telehealth barriers can maximize virtual interactions for the older population and alleviate care inequities. In addition to identifying barriers that impede older patients from using telemedicine, there is a need to increase awareness of the availability, benefits, and uses of each telehealth service in comparison to in-person consultations.https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241240235oai:doaj.org/article:e9b0ca224d9b427bb5270e077384d6612024-03-28T10:05:00ZTENDOk9ydGhvcGVkaWMgc3VyZ2VyeQ~~engSAGE PublishingJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery2309-49902024-03-013210.1177/10225536241241897Letter re: Reply: Letter to editor: Superior analgesic efficacy of preemptive low-dose ketorolac compared with parecoxib after total knee arthroplasty: A retrospective propensity score matching studyKhanin IamthanapornNuttawut RojjanasirisawatVarah Yuenyongviwathttps://doi.org/10.1177/10225536241241897oai:doaj.org/article:bcbef300d14844f186cd433b3287b1402024-03-28T10:04:55ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~engSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762024-03-011010.1177/20552076241239177Study protocol for a three-arm randomized controlled trial investigating the effectiveness, cost-utility, and physiological effects of a fully self-guided digital Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Spanish patients with fibromyalgiaAna Gallego0Mayte Serrat1Estíbaliz Royuela-Colomer2Juan P Sanabria-Mazo3Xavier Borràs4Montserrat Esteve5Mar Grasa6Araceli Rosa7Antoni Rozadilla-Sacanell8Miriam Almirall9Francesco D’Amico10Yifei Dai11Michael J. Rosenbluth12Lance M. McCracken13
Jaime Navarrete14Albert Feliu-Soler15Juan V Luciano16
School of Wellbeing, JYU.Well, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Unitat d’Expertesa en Síndromes de Sensibilització Central, Servei de Reumatologia, , Barcelona, Spain
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, , Bellaterra, Spain
, Madrid, Spain
, Madrid, Spain
CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
, Madrid, Spain
, Madrid, Spain
Unitat d’Expertesa en Síndromes de Sensibilització Central, Servei de Reumatologia, , Barcelona, Spain
The Care Policy and Evaluation Centre (CPEC), , London, UK
Swing Therapeutics, Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA
Swing Therapeutics, Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA
Department of Psychology, , Uppsala, Sweden
, Madrid, Spain
, Madrid, Spain
, Madrid, SpainObjective Fibromyalgia (FM) is a prevalent pain syndrome with significant healthcare and societal costs. The aim of the SMART-FM-SP study is to determine the effectiveness, cost-utility, and physiological effects in patients with FM of a digital intervention (STANZA®) currently marketed in the United States, which delivers smartphone-based, fully self-guided Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (Digital ACT) for treating FM-related symptoms. Methods A single-site, parallel-group, superiority, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted, including a total of 360 adults diagnosed with FM. Individuals will be randomly allocated (1:1:1) to treatment as usual (TAU), to TAU plus 12 weeks of treatment with Digital ACT, or to TAU plus 12 weeks of treatment with digital symptom tracking (i.e. FibroST). Participants will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 6-month follow-up. An intention-to-treat analysis using linear mixed models will be computed to analyze the effects of Digital ACT on functional impairment (primary outcome), as measured by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Revised at 6 months from the inception of the treatment. Secondary outcomes include impression of change, symptoms of distress, pain catastrophising, quality of life, cost-utility, and selected biomarkers (cortisol and cortisone, immune-inflammatory markers, and FKBP5 gene polymorphisms). The role of ACT-related processes of change will be tested with path analyses. Conclusions This study is the first RCT that tests Digital ACT for Spanish patients with FM. Results will be important not only for patients and clinicians, but also for policy makers by examining the cost-utility of the app in a public healthcare context.https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241239177oai:doaj.org/article:0b80390d959449dd850fe857a61232d42024-03-28T10:04:51ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~engSAGE PublishingDigital Health2055-20762024-03-011010.1177/20552076241242773RTC_TongueNet: An improved tongue image segmentation model based on DeepLabV3Yan Tang0Daiqing Tan1Huixia Li2Muhua Zhu3Xiaohui Li4Xuan Wang5JiaQi Wang6Zaijian Wang7Chenxi Gao8
Ji Wang9Aiqing Han10
, Beijing, China
, Beijing, China
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
, Beijing, China
, Beijing, China
, Beijing, China
, Beijing, China
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
, Beijing, China
National Institute of TCM Constitution and Prevention Medicine, , Beijing, China
, Beijing, ChinaObjective Tongue segmentation as a basis for automated tongue recognition studies in Chinese medicine, which has defects such as network degradation and inability to obtain global features, which seriously affects the segmentation effect. This article proposes an improved model RTC_TongueNet based on DeepLabV3, which combines the improved residual structure and transformer and integrates the ECA (Efficient Channel Attention Module) attention mechanism of multiscale atrous convolution to improve the effect of tongue image segmentation. Methods In this paper, we improve the backbone network based on DeepLabV3 by incorporating the transformer structure and an improved residual structure. The residual module is divided into two structures and uses different residual structures under different conditions to speed up the frequency of shallow information mapping to deep network, which can more effectively extract the underlying features of tongue image; introduces ECA attention mechanism after concat operation in ASPP (Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling) structure to strengthen information interaction and fusion, effectively extract local and global features, and enable the model to focus more on difficult-to-separate areas such as tongue edge, to obtain better segmentation effect. Results The RTC_TongueNet network model was compared with FCN (Fully Convolutional Networks), UNet, LRASPP (Lite Reduced ASPP), and DeepLabV3 models on two datasets. On the two datasets, the MIOU (Mean Intersection over Union) and MPA (Mean Pixel Accuracy) values of the classic model DeepLabV3 were higher than those of FCN, UNet, and LRASPP models, and the performance was better. Compared with the DeepLabV3 model, the RTC_TongueNet network model increased MIOU value by 0.9% and MPA value by 0.3% on the first dataset; MIOU increased by 1.0% and MPA increased by 1.1% on the second dataset. RTC_TongueNet model performed best on both datasets. Conclusion In this study, based on DeepLabV3, we apply the improved residual structure and transformer as a backbone to fully extract image features locally and globally. The ECA attention module is combined to enhance channel attention, strengthen useful information, and weaken the interference of useless information. RTC_TongueNet model can effectively segment tongue images. This study has practical application value and reference value for tongue image segmentation.https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241242773oai:doaj.org/article:3cce9998b04c44069320799f819456672024-03-28T10:04:46ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231210401The Tamil Version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18V2: Reliability and Factor Structure Among Persons with SchizophreniaG. Swarnameenaa0Jothilakshmi Durairaj1Nithyashri Hariharan2Vaishnavi K. Madhavan3Pavithra Arunachaleeswaran4Lakshmi Venkatraman5Anoop Sankaranarayanan6Padmavati Ramachandran7 Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. King’s College London, London, United Kingdom. Dept. of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Melaleuca Unit, Blacktown Hospital, WSLHD Mental Health Service, New South Wales, Australia. Dept. of Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.Background: Persons with schizophrenia (PwS) are vulnerable to developing disordered eating behaviors. However, standardized tools to assess disordered eating patterns are unavailable in the regional language, Tamil. Different versions of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) have been used to measure disordered eating patterns among PwS worldwide. This study aimed to assess the factor structure and reliability of the Tamil version of TFEQ-R18V2 among Tamil-speaking PwS. Methods: Over three months, 135 PwS, aged 18–65 years, who attended the outpatient department of a tertiary mental health service provider in Chennai, completed the Tamil version of TFEQ-R18V2. Thirty PwS completed the tool after two weeks to assess its test–retest reliability. The factor structure of the tool was explored using principal component analysis. Results: The sample included 75 (55.6%) males and 60 (44.4%) females with a mean (±SD) age of 40.1 (±9.8) years and a mean duration of illness of 11.99 (± 8.72) years. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the Tamil version were 0.84 and 0.532, respectively. A five-factor structure emerged from the factor analysis, with 65.67% of the variance. Conclusion: The Tamil version of TFEQ-R18V2 emerged as a reliable tool to assess disordered eating patterns among Tamil-speaking PwS.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231210401oai:doaj.org/article:c1f5664d2ec84027b3bf3d79bed863492024-03-28T10:04:42ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231220564Validation of a Tamil Version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Using Rasch AnalysisKalpana Raman0Richard J. Siegert1Jaishankar Bharatharaj2Christian U. Krägeloh3 Dept. of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. Dept. of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. PAIR Lab India, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dept. of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.Background: Various assessment tools that explore and assess mindfulness are available. Keeping in view both the origin of and the literature surrounding mindfulness assessment tools, this study aimed to evaluate the workability of one widely researched tool, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), for establishing cross-cultural generalizability and utility in the Indian context. Methods: We recruited 303 adults over 18 with proficiency in the Tamil language and no history of significant neurological trauma and/or psychiatric history. They completed a version of the 39-item FFMQ, which we had translated into Tamil (FFMQ-T). The psychometric properties of this scale were tested using the Partial-Credit model of Rasch analysis. Results: Iterative Rasch analysis could not resolve consistent misfit of the Observe facet items. Using a subtest approach, a higher-order fit of the FFMQ-T could be achieved after the deletion of additional items from each of the remaining four facets. The resulting final model for the FFMQ-T questionnaire was a four-factor solution with 22 items. Conclusions: This study concluded the usability of the new 22-item FFMQ-T. These results are not dissimilar to the other versions in similar populations, such as the Hindi version of the FFMQ. The ordinal-to-interval conversion tables provided here ensure that the FFMQ-T can be used with enhanced precision and parametric statistics.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231220564oai:doaj.org/article:ca28dff5e392483a8c0572cbb012eef92024-03-28T10:04:39ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231219735Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Before and Twelve Months After Bariatric Surgery: Repeated Cross-sectional StudyAmani ElBarazi0 Clinical Psychology Clinic, Safwat Elgolf Hospital, Almaza, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective therapy for those who are excessively obese. However, the consequences of surgery on mental health are still debatable. We aimed to investigate the patients’ depression, stress, and anxiety levels before and after BS at two different times: just before surgery and 12 months later. Methods: This is a repeated cross-sectional study. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Results: There were 288 participants in the BS groups. Changes in anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms over time were examined using generalised estimating equations models with repeated measurements per individual. Anxiety (incidence rate ratio [ IRR ] = 1.2, p < .001) and stress (IRR = 0.86, p < .001) worsened, whereas depression ( IRR = –1.8, p < .001) improved significantly in 288 patients one year after BS. Conclusions: BS had significant impacts on obesity-associated mental health issues.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231219735oai:doaj.org/article:ef7fa67f7e2d4583b75c8557f8d02fb32024-03-28T10:04:35ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231200342Breaking the Binary: Unveiling Gender-specific Norms in Internet AddictionSujita Kumar Kar0SM Yasir Arafat1 Dept. of Psychiatry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladeshhttps://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231200342oai:doaj.org/article:3bb2c2e63ea84e738784189317588ac02024-03-28T10:04:31ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231176404When a Sibling Has Autism: Narrative Review of Interventions for Typically Developing SiblingsKarishma Godara0Vaibhav Patil1Nisha Phakey2 National Drug-Dependence Treatment Centre and Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Dept. of Psychiatry & NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Amity University, Punjab, India.Being a typically developing sibling to a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD-Sib) can be associated with several behavioral and mental health problems. With this understanding, researchers are beginning to focus on sibling-oriented interventions. This review seeks to evaluate the current literature on such interventions. We searched digital databases and identified eight relevant studies. The sample (n = 247) had an age range of 4–16 years. The outcomes were generally positive, with improvements in different facets of ASD-Sibs. Results differed due to varied intervention styles, outcome variables, methods, and samples. Our findings highlight the potential for improvement in ASD-Sib’s knowledge of autism and their psychological functioning and hence call for further research with robust methods.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231176404oai:doaj.org/article:b3464b1776144c5caa4a1187b6fc3cfd2024-03-28T10:04:28ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231200348The Use of tDCS in a Patient with MECP2 Gene Mutation Presenting with Recurrent Catatonia: A Case ReportHimani Adarsh0Namita Sharma1Akhilesh Sharma2Sankie Swer3Shubh Mohan Singh4 Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231200348oai:doaj.org/article:061db8956c174abdaf6c3977461689682024-03-28T10:04:24ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176241237962Psychiatry Training in Competency-Based Medical Education: What to Teach? How to Teach? Kishor M0 Dept of Psychiatry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241237962oai:doaj.org/article:f87a2cea7d984dd09065ce119c76e9602024-03-28T10:04:19ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231169428Clinical Profile, Course, and Outcome of Secondary Catatonia: A Case SeriesBhuvana Prakash Vaidya0Abhiram Narasimhan Purohith1Sivapriya Vaidyanathan2Samir Kumar Praharaj3 Dept. of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231169428oai:doaj.org/article:780a194231f04b0e931a01e836d184ad2024-03-28T10:04:15ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231219769Adverse Childhood Experiences, Coping and Resilience in Persons with Alcohol Use Disorder and Their Non-drinking Siblings in High-density Families: A Case-control Study Sreenivasulu M.0Vasuki Prathyusha1Sinu Ezhumalai2Gitanjali Narayanan3Pratima Murthy4 Dept. of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept of Bio-Statistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase the odds of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Aim: To study the ACEs, coping, and resilience in persons with AUD and their non-drinking siblings from high-density families. Methods: The study used a case-control study design. Using purposive sampling, 135 participants were selected; the sample consists of persons with AUD ( n = 45), non-drinking siblings ( n = 45), and healthy controls ( n = 45), selected from out-patient and in-patient services from a government-run de-addiction centre in Bengaluru. Individuals were administered an ACEs questionnaire, Brief-COPE, and Connor-Davison Resilience scale. Descriptive statistics, Friedman’s test, and Bonferroni’s post-hoc test, Binary Logistic Regression were used for analysis. Results: ACEs, coping, and resilience significantly differ across the three groups. Persons with AUD and their non-drinking siblings are comparable in terms of ACEs and having dysfunctional family members. Non-drinking siblings and healthy controls have similar coping and resilience. None of the healthy controls had dysfunctional family members. Conclusion: ACEs are more prevalent and more frequent in persons with AUD. Individuals with AUD showed higher avoidant coping and lower resilience than their non-drinking siblings and healthy controls. Early identification of ACEs and interventions to build resilience and coping strategies could prevent individuals from developing AUD in high-density families.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231219769oai:doaj.org/article:d6669598c54b4d42b745c81ef6fe190c2024-03-28T10:04:11ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231223305Development of A Suicide Prevention Training Module for Social Work Students in IndiaBharath Rathinam0Anish V. Cherian1Santosh Loganathan2Prabha S. Chandra3Gregory Armstrong4 Dept. of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Institute of National Importance, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Nossal Institute of Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.Introduction: Social workers constitute a significant task force that serves diverse populations experiencing psychosocial challenges in their daily lives. Lack of suicide prevention content/training in the Master of Social Work program may affect the student’s self-esteem/ability to intervene when they come across a person with suicidality in the field. Developing a suicide prevention training module for social work students would be a suitable measure for upbringing their skills in dealing with individuals with suicidality. Method: The purpose of the present study was to develop a suicide prevention training module for social work students at the postgraduate level. The researcher conducted two Focused Group Discussions (FGD) each with social work students ( n = 13) and social work educators ( n = 15) on an online platform. Notes were taken during the discussion, and the contents were videotaped. The videotaped content was transcribed, and content analysis was used to analyze the data. The content that emerged from the FGD with social work students and educators was discussed in later FGD with mental health experts (two psychiatrists, one psychologist, two psychiatric social workers, and two mental health nurses). The discussion with experts clarified what components to retain for the training program. Results: Five major themes and 22 sub-themes emerged from the two FGDs each with students and educators, and one FGD with mental health professionals are described. The five major themes were understanding of suicidality, understanding suicide education in the master of social work curriculum, experience with suicidality, training content suggestion, and suggestions for future implications. Conclusions: The present study identified the need for suicide prevention training in postgraduate-level social work students. Furthermore, a lack of suicide prevention training was observed indicating the incorporation of suicide education in the postgraduate curriculum.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231223305oai:doaj.org/article:4e097575ad5b4654a633956df6c72e742024-03-28T10:04:07ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231201562Indian Music: A Future in Dementia Care Indian Music and DementiaAishwarya Ghosh0Shubham Jain1Thomas Gregor Issac2 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231201562oai:doaj.org/article:9cf53b54dd974382a0d576ca776d5ba92024-03-28T10:04:02ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231207983Family Acceptance and Mental Health in LGBTQIA+ Individuals: An Urgent Call for Culturally Sensitive Research in the Indian ContextAnithamol Babu0 PhD Scholar, Tata Institute of Social Sciences-Guwahati Off Campus, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231207983oai:doaj.org/article:3d6ccfd978024bb3b35476e601143a412024-03-28T10:03:58ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231160247Prescribing Yoga for Mental Wellness: Need for a Nuanced ApproachSheikh Shoib0Miyuru Chandradasa1Sheikh Mohd Saleem2Soumitra Das3Syed Ali Abbas Naqvi4Sujita Kumar Kar5 Dept. of Health Services Kashmir India; & Mind Wellness Centre, Nawab Bazar, Srinagar, Kashmir, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka. Independent Public Health Consultant, J&K, India. Mental Health Sunshine Hospital, Australia. Larkin University, Miami, FL, USA. Dept of Psychiatry, King George’s Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231160247oai:doaj.org/article:1e56dd3a89f54d49b961b344d73bf8de2024-03-28T10:03:54ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231201559Reversal of Abulia with Atomoxetine in Unilateral Basal Ganglia Infarct: A Case ReportShreyashi Jha0Mona Tiwari1 Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, West Bengal, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231201559oai:doaj.org/article:abcc9e0e48614dc5afdc6c4fd1f2a1dd2024-03-28T10:03:48ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231208228Effect of School Closure During COVID-19 Lockdown on ADHD Symptoms Among StudentsKumar Saurav0Partha Sarathi Kundu1 Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry - A Centre of Excellence, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder among children, with an estimated prevalence of 1.3 per 1000 in India. The nationwide lockdown imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the closure of schools for an indefinite period. After the reopening of schools, the lockdown period was feared to have caused a deterioration in symptoms of existing mental health conditions among school-going children. This field study aimed to probe the association of school closures due to lockdown with any change in symptoms of ADHD in aged 6–15 years in the largest tertiary care hospital in Kolkata. Methods: A longitudinal observational study was conducted involving 34 prediagnosed ADHD patients attending the Clinical Psychology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary hospital for follow-up. Data was collected by face-to-face interviews with the patients’ parents using a predesigned, pretested structured study schedule. Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) was used to assess the ADHD symptoms. Results: Twenty-three (67.65%) patients were observed to have worsened ADHD symptoms after lockdown. Significant worsening was observed in the ADHD indicator and the mood disorder indicator. Significant contributing factors were rural residence, nuclear family, non-attendance at school, and knowledge inadequacy among parents. Conclusion: There was a significant worsening of symptoms of ADHD owing to the school closure due to the lockdown.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231208228oai:doaj.org/article:98080d8eb6584f7d8dad36fb482d83c42024-03-28T10:03:44ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231207781Cognitive Training in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic ReviewMahashweta Bhattacharya0Himani Kashyap1Y.C. Janardhan Reddy2 Accelerator Program for Discovery in Brain Disorders using Stem cells (ADBS), Government of India. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.Background: Cognitive training (CT) for illness-linked neuropsychological deficits has been attempted in psychiatric disorders and, more recently, in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, studies are few and far between, with a limited understanding of factors contributing to efficacy. This article aims to provide a comprehensive critical review of studies employing CT in OCD. Methods: This systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Empirical studies that used any form of CT/remediation in individuals with OCD were included. Results: Eight articles met the criteria for inclusion, of which five were randomized controlled trials, two were case series, and one was an open-label trial. The studies have predominantly demonstrated improved trained cognitive functions, with only two showing generalization to untrained domains like clinical symptoms and socio-occupational functioning. Conclusion: There are few controlled trials of CT in OCD, which limits conclusions of efficacy. Given the sparse research in the area, the review summarizes the current status of research and examines important methodological considerations that may inform future studies.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231207781oai:doaj.org/article:99dd83fe6bb84b1e9a901273ef9bd1e52024-03-28T10:03:41ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176241237066Understanding Factorial Designs, Main Effects, and Interaction Effects: Simply Explained with a Worked ExampleChittaranjan Andrade0 Dept. of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.A factorial design examines the effects of two independent variables on a single, continuous dependent variable. The statistical test employed to analyze the data is a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). This test yields three results: a main effect for each of the independent variables and an interaction effect between the two independent variables. This article explains factorial designs and two-way ANOVA with the help of a worked example using hypothetical data in a spreadsheet provided as a supplementary file. The main effects and interaction effects are explained and illustrated using tables and figures. A short discussion provides general notes about the concepts explained in this article, along with brief notes on repeated measures ANOVA and higher order ANOVAs. Many additional examples, with figures and explanations, are provided in the supplementary materials, which the reader is strongly encouraged to view.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241237066oai:doaj.org/article:d542a4c5f2b94f89a34ed5578f6f8bc82024-03-28T10:03:36ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231206499Development and Validation of a Nurse-Conducted Brief Psycho-Educational Module for Disulfiram TherapyJaison Joseph0Deepika C. Khakha1 Dept. of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India. Nursing Advisor, Dte.GHS, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231206499oai:doaj.org/article:b25fe7dae83647d397675ae0fff0f4bb2024-03-28T10:03:32ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231207986Perspectives of Community Nurses on Treatment Engagement of Persons with Severe Mental Illnesses (PwSMI): A Qualitative Study from South IndiaRevathi Somanathan0Sailaxmi Gandhi1Thanapal Sivakumar2Narayana Manjunatha3Deepak Jayarajan4Jagadisha Thirthalli5Rajani Parthasarathy6 Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Nursing, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Mater Mental Health, HNELHD, New South Wales, Australia. Dept. of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Health and Family Welfare, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.Background: There is increasing evidence of the need for treatment engagement between Persons with Severe Mental Illnesses (PwSMIs) and Mental Health Professionals (MHPs). This therapeutic process involves collaborative work between patients and MHPs, which improves the condition. Community nurses are uniquely positioned to facilitate this process as they act as the focal point of interaction between patients and the health system. Methods: This qualitative study explored the community nurses’ experiences in treatment engagement with PwSMI through eight group interviews of 35 community nurses from District Mental Health Programs (DMHPs) across Karnataka (South India) from February 2020 to March 2020. The audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed and coded to arrive at themes and subthemes. Results: The major themes identified were factors influencing treatment engagement, strategies to tackle treatment nonengagement, and challenges in dealing with nonengagement. The reasons for nonengagement were lack of insight and lack of knowledge of sociocultural, logistic, and treatment-related factors. The DMHP teams contacted patients through phone calls, home visits, and liaisons with health workers and intervened with them through education and depot injections. The major challenges were difficulty conducting home visits, distances, the unavailability of medications, and the need for adequate infrastructure and human resources. Conclusion: Community nurses address a few factors of nonengagement, such as insight, sociocultural factors, and treatment-related factors. Addressing the systemic challenges and adequate training of nurses in intervening in the dropped-out PwSMIs would help to reduce the treatment gap.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231207986oai:doaj.org/article:b88e33db0c4b4689bca16895b137b25b2024-03-28T10:03:27ZTENDOlBzeWNoaWF0cnk~engSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642024-03-014610.1177/02537176231208627Predatory Advertising and Lack of Sex Education for Sexual Difficulties in India: A Double Whammy for Adolescent and Young AdultsAdarsh Tripathi0 Dept. of Psychiatry and In-charge, Sexual Medicine Unit, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176231208627oai:doaj.org/article:32c8e90c21254bb48c18dbeb49d419fc2024-03-28T10:03:25ZTENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652024-03-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.13696661369666Dietary intake with supplementation of vitamin D, vitamin B6, and magnesium on depressive symptoms: a public health perspectiveRohitha RajasekarJulia VanderMolenKatie BarnhartNicole AnguilimObjectiveThis study aims to understand the impact of dietary intake through supplementation of vitamins D, B6, and magnesium on elevated depressive symptoms, a mental health illness that is a leading contributor to global disability and a public health concern.MethodsMultiple datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-March 2020 investigated the associations between vitamin D, B6, and magnesium on depression screening scores. A cross-sectional sample of adults over 20 was extracted (n = 9,232). Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the associations.ResultsIndividuals with low amounts of vitamin D (p = 0.0481) were more likely to report elevated depressive symptoms relative to those with low amounts of vitamin B6 (p = 0.0225). These results remained significant among those with high magnesium (p = 0.0133) proportionate to high vitamin B6 (p = 0.0225). In the age-adjusted model, a lower intake of vitamin D, vitamin B6, and magnesium showed a relationship with elevated depressive symptoms (Vitamin D: OR = 0.611, 95% CI 0.382–0.980 Vitamin B6: OR = 0.503, 95% CI 0.291–0.867 Magnesium: OR = 0.458, 95% CI 0.277–0.759). The fully adjusted regression model (gender, race/ethnicity, and household food security) showed that a lower intake of vitamin B6 and magnesium correlated with elevated depressive symptoms (Vitamin B6: OR = 0.439, 95% CI 0.260–0.738 Magnesium: OR = 0.465, 95% CI 0.303–0.714).ConclusionPreventive measures could be addressed by identifying the risks of vitamin deficiencies. Further epidemiological research is needed for the individual effects of vitamin supplementation and depression screening scores. Future prospective cohort studies exploring these associations, focusing on daily dietary intake, are needed to validate the direction of causation further and understand the underlying mechanisms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369666/fulldepressionadultspreventionvitaminssupplementsoai:doaj.org/article:35e80ee290be4781809663cf20ec99722024-03-28T10:03:23ZTENDOkNvbXB1dGVyIGFwcGxpY2F0aW9ucyB0byBtZWRpY2luZS4gTWVkaWNhbCBpbmZvcm1hdGljcw~~TENDOlB1YmxpYyBhc3BlY3RzIG9mIG1lZGljaW5lengSAGE PublishingJournal of Primary Care & Community Health2150-13272024-03-011510.1177/21501319241243198A Qualitative Analysis of Knowledge Levels, Perceived Susceptibility, and Perceived Severity Surrounding Anal Cancer and Human PapillomavirusAdriana Jovanov0Ashley Parks1Cynthia Jovanov2Xolani Mdluli3California Baptist University, Riverside, CA, USAAppalachian State University, Boone, NC, USAUniversity of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USAUniversity of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USAIntroduction: When examining health literacy and disease specific knowledge levels across ethnicities and communities, ethnic minority groups are known to be at a higher risk of being below the average health literacy threshold which is a factor linked to poor health status and higher mortality rates. This study examined disease specific knowledge levels, perceived severity, and perceived susceptibility surrounding anal cancer and HPV-related screening behaviors. Methods: The following research questions were explored: (1) “What are the common themes and/or beliefs when asked about anal cancer, HPV, and preventive screening?” and (2) “What are the common themes and beliefs surrounding the severity and susceptibility of contracting anal cancer?”. This study utilized a cross-sectional design to survey 26 individuals regarding their knowledge level and perspectives regarding anal cancer and HPV. An 8-question survey was developed de novo based on an application of the Health Belief Model (HBM) elements. This study employed thematic analysis to explore critical themes to construct a model to understand knowledge levels, attitudes, and risk perceptions regarding anal cancer and intention to participate in preventive screenings. The fundamental attitudes and themes related to anal cancer risk and intention to participate in preventative screenings were elicited using a qualitative descriptive technique. Coded data was utilized to analyze themes based on (1) knowledge and (2) perceived risk, both severity and susceptibility. Results: Overall, the findings indicate very low levels of knowledge regarding screening, anal cancer, and HPV across all genders. The low levels of anal cancer and HPV knowledge were seen in 13 coded segments (50% of surveys) which showed no familiarity with or comprehension of HPV, and 4 coded segments indicated no familiarity with anal cancer. In addition, 15 respondents (57%) had low or no preventive or screening-related knowledge. While some respondents (46%) illustrated high perceived severity for anal cancer, only 23% indicated high perceived susceptibility for anal cancer. Conclusion: The results from this study may be used to inform practitioners, providers, and policymakers in developing interventions addressing low levels of understanding and disease specific knowledge surrounding anal cancer in support of creating a standardized health screening procedure.https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319241243198oai:doaj.org/article:962ee3cb5c94436a895a0173c2e54bf42024-03-28T10:03:18ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lIChHZW5lcmFsKQ~~engSAGE PublishingJournal of Patient Experience2374-37432024-03-011110.1177/23743735241241146Augmented Reality Improves Pediatric
Mask Induction: A Prospective, Matched Case-Control StudyRomy Yun MD0Emily M He BS1Michelle Zuniga BS2Nan Guo PhD3Ellen Y Wang MD4Florence Ho MA, CCLS5Molly Pearson CCLS6Samuel T Rodriguez MD7Thomas J Caruso MD, PhD8
Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, , Stanford, CA, USA
, Stanford, CA, USA
Stanford Chariot Program, , Palo Alto, CA, USA
Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, , Stanford, CA, USA
Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, , Stanford, CA, USA
Department of Child Life and Creative Arts, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Department of Child Life and Creative Arts, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, , Stanford, CA, USA
Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford, , Stanford, CA, USAIntroduction: Pediatric perioperative anxiety is a significant problem during mask induction for general anesthesia. Immersive technologies, such as extended reality headsets, are a promising strategy for alleviating anxiety. Our primary aim was to investigate mask acceptance during inhalational induction utilizing augmented reality (AR). Methods: This was a prospective, matched case-control study at a quaternary academic hospital. Fifty pediatric patients using AR for mask induction were matched to 150 standard-of-care (SOC) controls. The primary outcome was measured with the Mask Acceptance Scale (MAS). Secondary outcomes of cooperation and emergent delirium (ED) were assessed. Results: MAS scores ≥2 occurred at 4% (95% CI [0, 9.4%]) with AR versus 19.3%, (95% CI [13%, 25.7%]) with SOC (RR 0.21, 95% CI [0.05, 0.84], P = .027). Ninety-eight percent of AR patients were cooperative versus 91.3% with SOC ( P = .457). Zero percent had ED with AR versus 0.7% with SOC ( P = 1.000). Conclusions: AR during mask induction improved mask acceptance compared to SOC. No relationship was observed between AR and cooperation or ED. Future research will investigate the integration of AR into clinical practice as a nonpharmacologic intervention.https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735241241146oai:doaj.org/article:3784c35e0dbd4014a415c1afa0ea8b892024-03-28T10:02:53ZTENDOkltbXVub2xvZ2ljIGRpc2Vhc2VzLiBBbGxlcmd5engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-03-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.13422131342213The intricate dance of non-coding RNAs in myasthenia gravis pathogenesis and treatmentBenqiao WangYing ZhuDan LiuChunxiang HuRuixia ZhuMyasthenia gravis (MG) stands as a perplexing autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction, driven by a multitude of antibodies targeting postsynaptic elements. However, the mystery of MG pathogenesis has yet to be completely uncovered, and its heterogeneity also challenges diagnosis and treatment. Growing evidence shows the differential expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in MG has played an essential role in the development of MG in recent years. Remarkably, these aberrantly expressed ncRNAs exhibit distinct profiles within diverse clinical subgroups and among patients harboring various antibody types. Furthermore, they have been implicated in orchestrating the production of inflammatory cytokines, perturbing the equilibrium of T helper 1 cells (Th1), T helper 17 cells (Th17), and regulatory T cells (Tregs), and inciting B cells to generate antibodies. Studies have elucidated that certain ncRNAs mirror the clinical severity of MG, while others may hold therapeutic significance, showcasing a propensity to return to normal levels following appropriate treatments or potentially foretelling the responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapies. Notably, the intricate interplay among these ncRNAs does not follow a linear trajectory but rather assembles into a complex network, with competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) emerging as a prominent hub in some cases. This comprehensive review consolidates the landscape of dysregulated ncRNAs in MG, briefly delineating their pivotal role in MG pathogenesis. Furthermore, it explores their promise as prospective biomarkers, aiding in the elucidation of disease subtypes, assessment of disease severity, monitoring therapeutic responses, and as novel therapeutic targets.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342213/fullmyasthenia gravisnon-coding RNAspathogenesistreatmentbiomarkeroai:doaj.org/article:b05653b632994403985fcf3eeb14e2ef2024-03-28T10:02:24ZTENDOkdlbmVyYWwgV29ya3M~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Energy Research2296-598X2024-03-011210.3389/fenrg.2024.13744671374467Modeling and analysis of distribution network with photovoltaic cells based on Markov global sensitivityTingting Hu0Bai Zhang1Pengyuan Liu2Xingzhi Chang3State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Company Marketing Service Center, Yinchuan, ChinaSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, ChinaState Grid Ningxia Electric Power Company Marketing Service Center, Yinchuan, ChinaNingxia Longji Ningguang Instrument Co., Ltd., Yinchuan, ChinaWhen multiple distributed PV (photovoltaic) systems are integrated into multiple nodes of the distribution network, this will lead to the significant influence of the grid-tied node voltage of the power distribution network resulting from the uncertainty of PV power. Therefore, this aspect needs to be further studied in terms of how to effectively characterize the uncertainty of the voltage influence in a grid-tied multi-PV system distribution network. Focusing on this problem, a modeling and analysis method for distribution networks with PV cells based on Markov global sensitivity is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a global Markov chain is constructed using the Markov chain and the power flow equation to model the uncertainty of PV power. Furthermore, a Markov global sensitivity function is proposed to characterize the influence degree of the voltage on the distribution network nodes while multi-point PV system are grid-tied to system. The case study results show that the uncertainty model of multi-point PV grid-connection can be effectively constructed using the proposed method in this paper, and the uncertainty influence analysis is accurate. This is of great significance for grid connection planning and the optimization control of new energy systems, as well as for the new energy consumption increase.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2024.1374467/fulldistributed PVgrid connectionMarkov chainsensitivityuncertaintyoai:doaj.org/article:b4a1c7c224c64438a2751759e5797d972024-03-28T10:01:21ZTENDOlBoeXNpb2xvZ3k~engFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2024-03-011510.3389/fphys.2024.13316931331693Dose-effect of exercise intervention on heart rate variability of acclimatized young male lowlanders at 3,680 mRui Su0Rui Su1Ping Peng2Wenrui Zhang3Jie Huang4Jing Fan5Delong Zhang6Delong Zhang7Jiayuan He8Jiayuan He9Hailin Ma10Hao Li11Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaSchool of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaKey Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaMed-X Center for Manufacturing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, ChinaThis study investigated whether exercise could improve the reduced HRV in an environment of high altitude. A total of 97 young, healthy male lowlanders living at 3,680 m for >1 year were recruited. They were randomized into four groups, of which three performed—low-, moderate-, and high-intensity (LI, MI, HI) aerobic exercise for 4 weeks, respectively. The remaining was the control group (CG) receiving no intervention. For HI, compared to other groups, heart rate (p = 0.002) was significantly decreased, while standard deviation of RR intervals (p < 0.001), SD2 of Poincaré plot (p = 0.046) and the number of successive RR interval pairs that differ by > 50 ms divided by total number of RR (p = 0.032), were significantly increased after intervention. For MI, significantly increase of trigonometric interpolation in NN interval (p = 0.016) was observed after exercise. Further, a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) after high-intensity exercise was found significantly associated with an increase in SD2 (r = – 0.428, p = 0.042). These results indicated that there was a dose effect of different intensities of aerobic exercise on the HRV of acclimatized lowlanders. Moderate and high-intensity aerobic exercise would change the status of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and decrease the blood pressure of acclimatized lowlanders exposed to high altitude.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2024.1331693/fullaerobic exerciseexercise intensityhigh altitudeheart rate variabilitylowlandersoai:doaj.org/article:408eed58f3694f7593729eb438d331ca2024-03-28T10:01:01ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.82353532Co-Production Between Insurgency and Exploitation: Promises and Precarities of a Traveling ConceptSophie Schramm0International Planning Studies, TU Dortmund, GermanyCo-production has inspired planning practice and research in the past decades. Along with its appropriation in the planning literature it has undergone manifold translations and its boundaries have become blurry. In this commentary I propose a conceptualisation of co-production not only as efficient service provision by citizens and state actors together but furthermore as a kind of city-making that has transformative potential beyond concrete interventions in the present moment. This matters because it enables a conceptual discrimination between co-production and the exploitation of marginalised people’s resources, time, and labour. I argue that the necessity of this discrimination becomes apparent when analysing co-productive efforts in their embeddedness in space and time.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/8235co-productionheterogeneous infrastructuresinsurgent planningsouthern urbanismsoai:doaj.org/article:f0a47d1ee8b64178b06a4f390c6d6af52024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.72533304Sharing for Health, Inclusion, and Sustainability: The Co-Production of Outdoor Equipment Lending in NorwayEspen Eigil Barratt-Due Solum0Anniken Førde1Monica Guillen-Royo2Department of Social Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, NorwayDepartment of Social Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, NorwayCICERO Center for International Climate Research, NorwayThis study analyses the promotion of public health, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability in two Norwegian cities through the co-production of outdoor equipment-lending outlets. Building on seminal insights from Elinor Ostrom, we investigate how the co-production of equipment-lending initiatives can bridge the divide between government, civil society, and the market. Engaging citizens in outdoor activities to promote public health, social inclusion and sustainability is a political focus area in Norway, but the activities often demand access to expensive equipment. Since the 1990s, many Norwegian municipalities have organised lending outlets for outdoor equipment, often relying on volunteer work. The emergence of BUA, a nationwide NGO aimed at engaging children and youth in outdoor activities, added the goal of environmental sustainability as a foundation for equipment-lending outlets. Additionally, it became a catalyst for the articulation of a diverse array of partnerships for the co-production of equipment lending as a public service. This study draws on fieldwork and in-depth interviews with users, staff, volunteers, and institutional partners at two lending outlets, in Kolbotn and Tromsø, in south-eastern and northern Norway. We focus on the co-production of BUA as a public service and discuss how the interplay of various actors leads to the achievement of societal and environmental goals, and subsequently how equipment-lending initiatives can facilitate collaborative consumption practices with the potential to reduce consumption.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/7253collaborative consumptionco-productionenvironmental sustainabilityoutdoor equipmentpublic healthsocial inclusionoai:doaj.org/article:e1d455fc3c464bed9ebd680dac4b601f2024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.72593368“The Citizen” as a Ghost Subject in Co-Producing Smart Sustainable Cities: An Intersectional ApproachLeika Aruga0Hilde Refstie1Hilde Nymoen Rørtveit2Department of Interdisciplinary Studies of Culture, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NorwayDepartment of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NorwayDepartment of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NorwayThe importance and benefits of engaging citizens as co-producers of urban transformation have been increasingly recognised. However, the mere implementation of citizen co-production does not guarantee more legitimate or inclusive policy decisions and outcomes, especially when power inequalities that shape local decision-making remain unaddressed. This article examines the transformative potential of citizen co-production in smart sustainable city initiatives using two successive citizen panels in Trondheim, Norway, as cases. The study aimed to understand the role of citizen co-production in these panels, and the notion of “the citizen” within their frameworks. Three challenges with co-production were identified. Firstly, the ad-hoc nature of citizen engagement emphasised individual participation rather than facilitating collective spaces from which political agency could emerge. Secondly, citizens’ viewpoints were perceived as uninformed preferences that could be transformed through professional guidance. This, coupled with the closed nature of the initiatives, raises questions about the transformative potential of the processes, particularly in challenging the underlying premises of citizen co-production shaped by a neoliberal discourse of smart sustainable cities. The article concludes with a call to analyse citizen co-production spaces through an intersectional lens that attends to relational understandings of power dynamics and identities. This analysis should not only consider who participates, but also how “the citizen” as a subject is conceptualised and mobilised, how citizens’ interests and knowledge are taken into account, and the political significance of their involvement.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/7259citizen panelco-productiondemocratic innovationsintersectionalitysmart sustainable citiesoai:doaj.org/article:c781e39f450b4570948f00aa071a884a2024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.72623463Digital Platforms as (Dis)Enablers of Urban Co-Production: Evidence From Bengaluru, IndiaDeepa Kylasam Iyer0Francis Kuriakose1School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University, USACambridge Development Initiative, UKThis article examines how digital platforms focused on citizen engagement affect urban transformation based on multiple case studies from Bengaluru, India. The research question is: What type of initiatives and designs of digital citizen platforms enable co-production? Co-production is defined as the use of assets and resources between the public sector and citizens to produce better outcomes and improve the efficiency of urban services. The study uses qualitative and quantitative approaches. Evaluative metrics of citizen engagement in digital platforms are done at two levels: platform metrics and initiative metrics. Each platform is evaluated under several variables that indicate the type of ownership, period of operation, aims and types of initiatives, and impact and levels of engagement. Then, the digital platforms are mapped for the extent of digital co-production that matches the type of digital interaction with a form of citizen–government relationship. The findings indicate that the orientation of digital co-production, where it exists, seems to be around the dimensions of co-testing and co-evaluation rather than co-design and co-financing. Furthermore, the digital platforms under study primarily view citizens as users rather than collaborators, limiting the scope of digital co-production. The involvement of urban local governments and private partners in a single platform strengthens the degree of citizen engagement, including the scope for co-production. Finally, there is a strong offline counterpart to citizen engagement through digital platforms where true co-production exists.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/7262bengalurucitizenshipco-productiondigital platformsindiaurban transformationoai:doaj.org/article:b94bd40c946745e7983586dc421c1f732024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.82623531Co-Production in the Urban Setting: Fostering Definitional and Conceptual Clarity Through Comparative ResearchDahae Lee0Patricia Feiertag1Lena Unger2Faculty of Spatial Planning, Technical University of Dortmund, GermanyFaculty of Spatial Planning, Technical University of Dortmund, GermanyFaculty of Spatial Planning, Technical University of Dortmund, GermanyCo-production is a concept which is increasingly popular in the planning field to refer to multi-stakeholder collaboration and partnership with citizens. However, the existing literature suggests that the rapid growth of the concept has resulted in ambiguity about its meaning. Given that the concept has a potential in planning research and practice, the thematic issue aims to present studies that use comparative approaches as a way to sharpen the understanding of co-production. The issue includes one commentary and six articles with empirical evidence from various countries across the world. The editorial provides overarching context and introduces each contribution of the issue.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/8262co-7-frameworkco-productioncomparative researchurban developmentoai:doaj.org/article:4781d97a1d6f427fbf986516136fd9902024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.73063533Co-Production Boundaries of Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Regeneration: The Case of a Healthy CorridorBeatriz Caitana0Gonçalo Canto Moniz1Centre for Social Studies (CES), University of Coimbra, Portugal / Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, PortugalCentre for Social Studies (CES), University of Coimbra, Portugal / Department of Architecture, University of Coimbra, PortugalCo-production, rooted in public collaborative management (Ostrom, 1996) or science and technology (Jasanoff, 2013) evolution, has demonstrated its innovative and transformative character within participatory processes. However, there is little empirical evidence that scrutinises these contexts of interaction. Equality of partnership in many cases is used as a discursive rhetoric that seeks to prescribe co-production above any difficulty, uncertainty, conflict, or unwanted situation. As a starting point, our proposal considers co-production as a social practice, composed of multiple layers and different participatory processes, activities, and strategies. Grounded in co-production approaches, the study draws upon the ongoing evaluation findings of the European project URBiNAT, which focuses on inclusive urban regeneration through nature-based solutions. The qualitative methods of evaluation (interviews and participant observation), applied during the co-production activities in the city of Porto (Portugal), provide evidence of how the various stakeholders—elected politicians, citizens, technicians, and researchers—participate in the co-production dynamic. The boundaries of a multi-stakeholder process are revealed with the goal of implementing healthy corridors in peripheral neighbourhoods. The intended evaluation analysis lies in the techniques, the agents, the dynamics, the knowledge, and the degrees of co-production. This analysis will contribute to the lack of explicit consideration of the impacts of nature-based solutions in urban regeneration pathways, especially those related to the social fabric underlined in Dumitru et al. (2020).https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/7306co-productionhealthy corridorsnature-based solutionsperipheral neighbourhoodsportugalurban regenerationoai:doaj.org/article:37f8e873115b42948e6ab973004c08bb2024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.73383506Co-Production for Equitable Governance in Community Climate Adaptation: Neighborhood Resilience in Houston, TexasDalia Munenzon0Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture and Design, University of Houston, USAAs urban areas grapple with the pressing impacts of climate change, fostering community-level resilience becomes imperative. Co-production, emphasizing active stakeholder engagement, offers a pathway to robust, equitable, and inclusive adaptation strategies. This article delves into the co-production processes within neighborhood resilience planning in Houston, Texas, revealing how collaboration between communities, planners, and municipal leaders can address climate vulnerabilities and support disadvantaged groups. Through an empirical analysis of three Houston neighborhoods, the study evaluates co-production’s role in promoting neighborhood-scale adaptive capacity and reshaping power dynamics to advance equity and environmental justice. The results highlight the significance of local institutions and the necessity of municipal commitment to co-production efforts. The study contributes actionable insights on the application of co-production in neighborhood climate adaptation, emphasizing the need for direct municipal engagement to implement transformative spatial projects and rebalance governance frameworks for effective climate action.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/7338capacity buildingclimate adaptationco-productionenvironmental justicehoustonneighborhood resilienceurban governanceoai:doaj.org/article:17dce53e65c94c4094bb8c87ce911ebc2024-03-28T10:01:00ZTENDOkNpdHkgcGxhbm5pbmc~engCogitatioUrban Planning2183-76352024-03-019010.17645/up.72973466Focusing on Actors, Scaling-Up, and Networks to Understand Co-Production Practices: Reporting From Berlin and SantiagoPaola Alfaro d’Alençon0Diego Moya Ortiz1Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering, Geomatics, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Germany / School of Architecture, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, ChileFaculty of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Santiago de Chile, ChileIn different policy agendas, such as the New Urban Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals, co-production is introduced as a desirable urban planning practice to validate the engagement and inclusion of diverse actors/networks. Nevertheless, some scholars argue (e.g., Watson, Robinson) that the Western planning approach faces difficulties incorporating rationalities beyond the Global North–South division. In this context based on the research project DFG-KOPRO Int for the German Research Foundation on Chilean and German cases and the local context, this article seeks to explore how local groups are undertaking co-production, which means of legitimacy are used, and which socio-spatial results develop. In doing so, the research focuses firstly on the negotiation processes (governance) between stakeholders by undertaking network analysis and, secondly, on understanding the impulse for urban development by analysing the project’s socio-spatial material patterns. Chile’s neoliberal context and the case studies showcase diverse cooperative forms that try to close governance gaps within strong political struggles. In the German context, actors from different areas, such as cultural institutions, universities, and private actors undertake diverse mandates for testing regulatory, persuasive, or financial instruments. As different as local realities are, the overall results show that co-production occurs mostly in highly contested fields such as housing projects and highlights a three-part constellation of actors—state, private, and civil society—in urban development. However, negotiation processes take place, ranging from conflictive to cooperative. Hence, co-production challenges prevailing social and political structures by providing an arena for new forms of collective and pluralistic governance.https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/7297delphi studygovernance frameworkinternational urbanismneoliberal urban developmentplanning instrumentsurban co-productionoai:doaj.org/article:012b680c7c084e71be7e1d7b2002c79b2024-03-28T09:57:06ZTENDOkxhdw~~engAdvanced Research School in Law and Jurisprudence (Ars Iuris Vienna)University of Vienna Law Review2521-39622024-03-017110.25365/vlr-2023-7-1-1River of LifeCornelia Tscheppe0University of Vienna
Since the turn of the millennium, the concept of the Rights of Nature has been discussed as a way to both preserve the environment and protect the rights of indigenous communities. As it turns out, the Rights of Nature more often than not also have the potential to further disadvantage indigenous communities in favour of Western conceptions of the preservation of nature and economic growth. In spite of this dire outlook, indigenous advocacy for the Rights of Nature becomes ever more intense. By examining the efforts of the indigenous communities living alongside Martuwarra Fitzroy River, Western Australia, this paper seeks to both understand the shortcomings of Western legal thought and the way indigenous people address them.
https://viennalawreview.com/index.php/vlr/article/view/8624Rights of Nature; Indigenous law; decolonial theory; post-colonial legal systemsoai:doaj.org/article:cfce570c911d4c5bbedd59d535b10af52024-03-28T09:56:57ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-13Nutzen und Herausforderungen von selbstgesteuertem Lernen für die Gestaltung von Online-KursenMarie Hoppe0Claudia Chruszczyk1Oliver Schönsleben2FH BurgenlandFH BurgenlandFH BurgenlandIm Kontext beruflicher Weiterbildung sind Selbstlernkompetenzen wie Zielsetzung, Ressourcenidentifikation, Planung und Fortschrittsbewertung essenziell. Das Konzept des selbstgesteuerten Lernens beschreibt dabei die eigenverantwortliche Gestaltung des Lernprozesses auf Grundlage von strategischen, metakognitiven, kognitiven und motivational-emotionalen Fähigkeiten. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich damit, wie selbstgesteuertes Lernen in Online-Kursen über die Gestaltung von Navigationsfreiheit, Modularität und Methodenvielfalt sowie Transparenz und Hilfestellung unterstützt werden kann. Ein Praxisbeispiel aus dem Bereich des beruflichen Onboardings veranschaulicht die Umsetzung dieser Konzepte.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8501Selbstgesteuertes LernenOnboardingElearningMoodleoai:doaj.org/article:801b475570fb498db7ff593228ff70c42024-03-28T09:56:57ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-19Digital Leadership und SchulentwicklungNina Autenrieth0PH GmündDieser Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Darstellung erster Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie, die im Rahmen des vom BMBF geförderten Projekts „LeadCom“ durchgeführt wurde. Das Ziel der Studie ist es, durch die Auswertung leitfadengestützter Interviews zentrale Merkmale und Praktiken erfolgreichen Digital Leaderships herauszuarbeiten. Es deutet sich an, dass Digital Leadership einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz darstellt, der Partizipation, kontinuierliche Anpassung und Innovation mit allen an Schule Beteiligten (insbesondere Schüler:innen und Lehrkräfte) im Rahmen einer (digitalen) Schulentwicklung in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Als zentrale Kategorien wurden die Anwendung eines an Schule angepassten Führungsstils (z. B. Leadership for Learning), die Nutzung der Potenziale der Logiken einer Kultur der Digitalität sowie die Bedeutung einer agilen Haltung und damit verbundener Handlungskonzepte herausgearbeitet. Besondere Bedeutung konnte der Anwendung einer organisationalen Ambidextrie zugeschrieben werden.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8390Digital LeadershipLeadership for LearningSchulentwicklungAmbidextrieKultur der DigitalitätAgilitätoai:doaj.org/article:674a2a184d7e4ac889215df36f3712c52024-03-28T09:56:57ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-18Wie Kinder die Welt medial wahrnehmen und spielerisch ordnen: Das politische Bewusstsein von Vorschulkindern im Spiegel der Picturizing StrategyRaphaela Tkotzyk0Johanna Lategahn1Gudrun Marci-Boehncke2TU DarmstadtTU DortmundTU Dortmund
Die jeweilige „Mediatisierung“ (Krotz 2007) setzt den Rahmen für soziale, kulturelle und politische Handlungsmöglichkeiten einer Gesellschaft. Medienkompetenz spielt daher eine entscheidende Rolle, um politisch teilhaben zu können, weshalb politische Bildung Medienkompetenz voraussetzt (Oberle 2007). Bereits Kleinkinder werden mit den verschiedensten Medien, -formen und -inhalten konfrontiert, die sie teilweise auch selbständig nutzen (Kieninger et al. 2021; Marci-Boehncke 2020). Welchen Einfluss Medien auf das gesellschaftliche Verständnis und das Weltbild von Vorschulkindern haben, ist bis dato jedoch wenig erforscht, da Kinder lange nicht als politische Wesen wahrgenommen wurden (Butschi/Hedderich 2021) und sich zudem die Aufmerksamkeitsspanne und Reflexionsfähigkeit erst langsam entwickelt. Dieser Artikel stellt daher eine altersgerechte Interviewmethode, die Picturizing Strategy (PS), vor, die im Rahmen des interdisziplinären, drittelmittelgeförderten Projekts der bpb und der TU Dortmund PoJoMeC durchgeführt wurde. Die Methode der Picturizing Strategy (PS) stellt dabei eine kindgerechte Form der Versprachlichung dar und beschreibt eine neuartige Interviewmethode, welche, angelehnt an kommunikationsbegleitete Zuordnungsspiele, die reflektive Kapazität der kindlichen Teilnehmenden aktiviert und zu lautem Denken herausfordern soll. Sie stellt dabei Kinder als Expert*innen ihrer Welt in den Mittelpunkt und schließt auf theoretischer Basis an das ökologische Modell der menschlichen Entwicklung nach Uri Bronfenbrenner (1979/81) an.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8434MediennutzungMedia LiteracyPolitische BildungKindheitsforschungFrühe Bildungoai:doaj.org/article:2c31326b3fc940b3866c1903c3196b082024-03-28T09:56:57ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-01Deutsch-Lernen im GefängnisElke Brewster0Justizanstalt Suben
Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit der Erfassung von Lernschwierigkeiten und Lernbedürfnissen beim Erlernen der deutschen Sprache von Insassen, die sich in der Justizanstalt Suben in einer Bäckerausbildung befinden. Um den unterschiedlichen Lernkompetenzen und Bedürfnissen gerecht zu werden, werden drei Lerntools (ELIS-Deutschkurs, Concept Map Technik, Projekt "Sauerteig") vorgestellt, die zwischen 2016 und 2020 in der Bäckerausbildung zum Deutschlernen eingesetzt wurden. Im Jahr 2017 wurde eine quantitative Fragebogenuntersuchung des ELIS-Deutschkurses bei 30 Insassen durchgeführt, um festzustellen, ob das Lerntool für den vorgesehenen Einsatz geeignet ist. Im Jahr 2020 wurde zusätzlich eine qualitative Evaluierung mittels Leitfadeninterviews durchgeführt und die drei verwendeten Lerntools analysiert sowie eine explizite Erfassung der Lernschwierigkeiten und Lernbedürfnisse durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen von 2017 und 2020 haben gezeigt, dass die eingesetzten Lerntools auf unterschiedliche Weise auf die Lernbedürfnisse zum Deutschlernen geeignet sind. Die Evaluierung zeigte unterschiedliche Erfolgsquotienten für die eingesetzten Lerntools ELIS-Deutschkurs, Concept Map Technik und Projekt "Sauerteig" auf. Der ELIS-Deutschkurs erwies sich als am besten geeignet für das Leseverständnis beim Deutschlernen, war jedoch weniger effektiv beim Schreiben lernen. Die Concept Map Technik erwies sich als hilfreich für Personen mit geringerer Qualifikation, um neue Wörter mithilfe ihrer Muttersprache zu verknüpfen und diese dann ins Deutsche zu übersetzen. Das Projekt “Sauerteig” schnitt hingegen bei der Evaluation am schlechtesten ab, da es aufgrund des Schwierigkeitsgrades der Inhalte überfordert wirkte. Deshalb ist es wichtig, dass das Ausbildungspersonal entsprechend geschult wird und bereit ist, die Lernschwierigkeiten und Lernbedürfnisse zu erkennen, um Lerntools in geeigneter Weise einsetzen und gegebenfalls noch weitere hinzufügen zu können.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8494LernbedürfnisseLernschwierigkeitenLerntoolsGefängnisAusbildungDiversitätoai:doaj.org/article:ef00e9b9d25e461d948c89ba4a02d6e82024-03-28T09:56:56ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-15Zukunft schon heute gestalten Lisa König0Pädagogische Hochschule Freiburg
Interaktive Medien – wie Apps, Games, Virtual-, Augmented- oder Mixed-Reality – verändern die Art und Weise, wie Inhalte sowohl im schulischen wie auch in außerschulischen Kontexten gelernt werden können. Interaktive Medien präsentieren die Themen zumeist als problemlösungsorienterte Settings, die die Auseinandersetzung mit Inhalten via Schrift, Audio und Bild sichtbar machen. Allerdings handelt es sich bei interaktiven Medien nicht um Wunderwerkzeuge, die Lernen und Verstehen wie von Zauberhand entstehen lassen, vielmehr kommt es auf die fundierte Auswahl und Begleitung an.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8512DeutschunterrichtNeue MedienAppsGameVRARoai:doaj.org/article:e8adc6dd65f14ed9aa0acb83fcd3968c2024-03-28T09:56:56ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-14Asynchroner ArbeitseinstiegBenjamin Brandić0Clemens Wiesinger1Bildungsdirektion WienUniversität Wien
Seit 2018 wird der technische Onboardingprozess für neue administrative Mitarbeiter:innen diverser Organisationseinheiten (StudienServiceCentren und -Stellen, Institute, Dekanate) an der Universität Wien umgestellt. Im Zuge dieser Veränderung wird auch ein Bereich überarbeitet, der äußerst essenziell ist: Die Basisschulung zur universitätsweiten Datenbank. Diese Basisschulung bestand früher aus einem etwa drei- bis vierstündigen Schulungstermin vor Ort und wurde dann auf Moodle als CMS und Informationskanal verlegt. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt unseren Prozess, diese Unterlagen auf Moodle zu einem autarken Selbstlernkurs samt Lernpfad zu transferieren.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8514E-LearningWissensmanagementOnboardingoai:doaj.org/article:e2d9c1edbd5f428d9ac7dca0e5c3532f2024-03-28T09:56:56ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-02Rezension: "Die Synagoge" von Joann Sfar, übersetzt aus dem Französischen von Annika WisniewskiGünter Krenn0Österreichisches Filmmuseum
In den 1980er-Jahren steht der junge Joann Sfar als Schüler vor einer Synagoge in Nizza, um die Menschen darin vor Störungen zu bewahren. Er tut dies weniger aus Idealismus als dem Umstand geschuldet, dass ihm während der Gottesdienste darin zu langweilig ist. Im Laufe einer faszinierenden Geschichte recherchiert der heute 52jährige Sfar, wie oft dem Judentum in Frankreich im Laufe der Jahrzehnte seines Lebens Gewalt angetan wurde – und dass kein Ende abzusehen ist.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8502Comic/Graphic NovelFrankreich/Geschichte 20. JahrhundertRechtsextremismus/AntisemitismusJudentum/künstlerische DarstellungSfar, Joannoai:doaj.org/article:31555278184245398344b987df71874f2024-03-28T09:56:56ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-03Rezension: "Nicolaus Sombart. Utopist, Libertin, Dandy" von Günther ErbeMax Haberich0Freier Autor
Indem er die Biografie Nicolaus Sombarts (1923-2008) nachzeichnet, führt Günter Erbe uns durch drei Epochen deutscher Geschichte: von der Weimarer Republik bis zur Bundesrepublik der Gegenwart. Obwohl Sombart in einem großbürgerlichen Elternhaus aufwuchs, wo er den literarisch-wissenschaftlichen Salon seiner Mutter erlebte, wurde er später ein starker Befürworter der sexuellen Emanzipation der Frau. Als von Charles Fourier beeinflusster Utopist entwarf er eine gesellschaftliche Neuordnung der Geschlechterrollen. Seine geistige Nähe zu Carl Schmitt als Kronjurist des Dritten Reichs wie seine elitären kulturellen Ansichten machen ihn bis heute umstritten. Dabei liegt der Wert seines literarischen Schaffens in den Tagebüchern der Skandale der höheren Gesellschaft, die ihn immer wieder anzog. Hier konnte er auch sein soziologisches Interesse verwirklichen, nachdem seine wissenschaftliche Laufbahn ihr Ende fand. Mit der Etablierung eines eigenen Salons und seinem Umgang mit der gesellschaftlichen Elite Berlins, der neuen Hauptstadt, gelang es ihm, die Brücke zum großbürgerlichen Salon vergangener Zeiten, dem seiner eigenen Kindheit, zu schlagen.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8503Geschichte/20. JahrhundertDeutsche LiteraturSchmitt, CarlNationalsozialismusFeminismusDandyoai:doaj.org/article:106b4ab6fe9f4b0e90294dcd237f64df2024-03-28T09:56:56ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-04Rezension: "Der Brief aus dem Jenseits. Kriminalnovellen" von Auguste GronerAnna Fercher0Freie Autorin
Mit treffsicherer Sprache und einem Blick fürs Detail geleiten die vier Kriminalnovellen der inzwischen fast vollkommen in Vergessenheit geratenen Wiener Autorin Auguste Groner (1850-1929) moderne Leserinnern und Leser ins Wien des ausklingenden 19. bzw. beginnenden 20. Jahrhunderts. Im Trubel der sogenannten ‚Ringstraßenzeit‘ finden sich die Protagonistinnen und Protagonisten – häufig Verstoßene bzw. Außenseiter und Außenseiterinnen – innerhalb gesellschaftlicher Abgründe wieder, wobei Fragen von Schuld, Verantwortung und Gerechtigkeit behandelt werden. Akribisch genau erzählt die Autorin von außergewöhnlichen Verbrechen und zeichnet damit gleichzeitig das Bild einer Zeit, die längst vergangen ist, deren Problemstellungen jedoch bis heute nicht an Aktualität eingebüßt haben.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8504Deutschsprachige Literaturgeschichte/20. JahrhundertÖsterreichische Literatur/20. JahrhundertGenreliteratur/KriminalliteraturGroner, Augusteoai:doaj.org/article:ee038c722bb44c9a9b1c3fa8b042b0752024-03-28T09:56:55ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-09Kritische Medienkompetenz in der Erwachsenenbildung als aufgeklärte Medienpädagogik?Josef Mühlbauer0Stefanie Fridrik1Stefanie Mayer2Brigitte Temel3Viktoria Eberhardt4DemokratiezentrumDemokratiezentrumInstitut für Konfliktforschung (IKF)Institut für Konfliktforschung (IKF)Institut für Konfliktforschung (IKF)
Basierend auf dem Forschungsprojekt „3G gegen Verschwörungstheorien: gesehen, geprüft, gekontert. Critical (Social-)Media Literacy in der Erwachsenenbildung in Wien“ gehen die Autor:innen auf Problemstellungen der Medienpädagogik angesichts der neuen (sozialen) Medientechnologien ein und konstatieren einen Bildungsbedarf vor allem im Bereich der Erwachsenenbildung. Kritische Medienkompetenz – so das zentrale Argument – geht dabei über den „risikoarmen“ Umgang mit Medien (z. B. durch Fact-Checking) hinaus und kann Bürger:innen befähigen, sich an demokratischen Aushandlungs- und Teilhabeprozessen zu beteiligen sowie Medien kritisch bzw. reflektiert zu nutzen. In Summe kann kritische Medienkompetenz nicht nur als Eckpfeiler einer „aufgeklärten Medienpädagogik“, sondern auch als Grundpfeiler einer funktionierenden Demokratie verstanden werden.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8550Kritische MedienkompetenzMedienpädagogikErwachsenenbildungoai:doaj.org/article:b880399682694663accb994ca2c7ded52024-03-28T09:56:55ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-22Digitaler Dialog, Menschliche Gestaltung – Eine virtuelle Kunstgalerie als Schule der VernunftLisa Kuka0Corinna Hörmann1Barbara Sabitzer2Johannes Kepler Universität LinzJohannes Kepler Universität LinzJohannes Kepler Universität Linz
„Habe Mut, dich deines eigenen Verstandes zu bedienen!“ (Kant 1968) – Kants Leitspruch wurde 1784 zu einem wichtigen Wegweiser der Aufklärung und rund 240 Jahre später erlebt er seine Renaissance im Zuge der aufgeklärten Medienpädagogik. Angesichts der rasanten Entwicklungen der generativen Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) erscheint Kants Aufforderung aktueller denn je. KI ist zwar im Stande Text zu generieren, doch braucht es eine kompetente und kritische Überprüfung des Outputs. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Integration von generativer KI in den schulischen Kontext unter dem Gesichtspunkt der aufgeklärten Medienpädagogik. Beginnend mit einer Einführung in generative KI, betont die Arbeit die Bedeutung einer reflektierten Auseinandersetzung mit neuen Technologien. Die Diskussion erstreckt sich über technische Aspekte von KI bis hin zu den gesellschaftlichen und ethischen Auswirkungen von KI-Output. Weiters wird eine Roadmap für die Erstellung eines projektbezogenen Unterrichts über generative KI mit generativer KI beschrieben. Dazu wird ein Arbeitsauftrag präsentiert, der Schüler*innen ermutigen soll, individuelle KI-generierte Kunstwerke zu erstellen und in einen kritischen Kontext zu setzen. Die Teamarbeit und Präsentation der entstandenen Werke erfolgen in Form einer virtuellen Kunstgalerie. Durch diese praxisorientierte Herangehensweise werden Schüler*innen nicht nur in die Technologie der generativen KI eingeführt, sondern auch dazu angeregt, ihre Medienkompetenz und kritisches Bewusstsein zu schärfen. Die Arbeit schließt mit einer Reflektion über den Prozess, sowie Implikationen für die medienpädagogische Praxis und mögliche Richtungen für zukünftige Forschung.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8561Generative KIAufgeklärte MedienpädagogikChatGPTKI im UnterrichtKI-generierte KunstVirtuelle Kunstgalerieoai:doaj.org/article:8b6dbb3813d247be8ea7eed202008f792024-03-28T09:56:55ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-12GenY beats StachanowElke Hackl0PH Oberösterreich
Der Beitrag von Elke Hackl entwickelt eine medienpädagogische Theorie der Überlappung von Mensch(en) und Maschine(n) und expliziert anhand der Figur des Cyborgs wie die Wissensbestände von u. a. Informatik und Pädagogik verbunden und in der konkreten Unterrichtspraxis verankert werden können. Dabei dient das bemerkenswerte und hier eingehend vorgestellte Projekt des „Human Cyborg Labs“ als empirische Basis zur Stützung der eingangs entwickelten theoretischen Überlegungen und Hypothesen.
Im Fokus eines verständnisvollen und rationalen Zugangs zu den Zukunftsängsten und den Sorgen einer Generation von Kindern, Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen, deren Expertisen in vielen Bereichen vernachlässigt scheinen, wird im medienpädagogischen Forschungsprojekt Human Cyborg Lab versucht, Möglichkeitsräume anzubieten, in denen Diskurse auf Grundlage der Theorie der zielorientierten Kommunikation stattfinden und deren Ergebnisse künstlerisch visualisiert werden.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8560Digitale GrundbildungKompetenzbeschreibungUnterrichtspraxisHuman Cyborg Laboai:doaj.org/article:4ee68bf1444648808aff335a6c6aba102024-03-28T09:56:55ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-08Die Lust der Wiederholung. Zum aufgeklärten Umgang mit filmischen Stereotypen mit einem Beispiel zu "I Cento Passi" von Marco Tullio Giordana (2000) Antonio Salmeri0Universität Innsbruck
Dass Filme in besonderer Weise zur Bildung eingesetzt werden können, ist bekanntlich ein traditionsreiches Paradigma (Henzler/Pauleit 2010: 7). Ebenso alt und nicht weniger bedeutend ist die Betonung der Neigung des „populären“ Kinos zur Verwendung stereotyper Darstellungsweisen. Die Herausforderung im Sinne einer aufgeklärten Medienpädagogik besteht nun darin, mit dem oder (in kritischer Lektüre) über den jeweiligen Stereotypendiskurs im Film zu reflektieren. Ziel dieses Artikels ist eine Heranführung an die pädagogische Fruchtbarmachung von populärkulturellen Medienangeboten respektive Stereotypen sowie an deren kritische Erforschbarkeit im Kontext der Film- und Medienpädagogik im Allgemeinen bzw. des interkulturellen Lernens und Fremdsprachenunterrichts im Speziellen.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8549StereotypMedienpädagogikPädagogik des FragmentsFilm/Media LiteracyI cento passioai:doaj.org/article:3aa15bf1e8c54e14a5b6dbbb6372a5762024-03-28T09:56:55ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-07Vernunft, Freiheit und Universalismus. Kants Grundlegung der Aufklärung und der MenschenrechteWolfgang Wein0Freier Autor
Zwischen dem Reich der Notwendigkeit und dem Reich der Freiheit unternimmt es Wolfgang Wein, grundlegende Begriffe der Aufklärung in ihrer dringlichen Aktualität zu diskutieren. Dabei wird im Blick auf Vernunft, Freiheit und Universalismus nicht nur deutlich, wie stark wir nach wie vor von der Aufklärung getragen werden, sondern auch, was angesichts der gegenwärtigen Diskussionen der Medienpädagogik als heutige Aufklärung begriffen werden muss.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8545AufklärungDemokratieMedienpädagogikFreiheitVernunftUniversalismusoai:doaj.org/article:f7c24af004454bc78408c969dbb3ee402024-03-28T09:56:54ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-05Rezension: "Erzähltheorie(n) und Literaturunterricht. Verhandlungen eines schwierigen Verhältnisses" von Sebastian Bernhardt und Ina Henke (Hg.)Christian Benesch0Universität Wien
Der von Sebastian Bernhardt und Ina Henke herausgegebene Band erkundet die Verbindungen zwischen Erzähltheorie und Literaturunterricht. Dabei wird kritisiert, dass veraltete Konzepte weiterhin Verwendung finden und alternative Ansätze dringend erforderlich sind. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Bedeutung der eigenen Produktion im Unterricht und der narrativen Kompetenz im Umgang mit verschiedenen Medien. Trotz Uneinheitlichkeit in den Ansätzen wird die Notwendigkeit betont, die Art und Weise der Darstellung von Erzählungen (discours) in verschiedenen Medien verstärkt in den Bildungsbereich zu integrieren.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8568ErzähltheorieLiteraturdidaktikSchuleoai:doaj.org/article:edd0b224b527484a960211be5e01e2dc2024-03-28T09:56:54ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-10Aufgeklärte Medienpädagogik. Religionsfreiheit und Zukunftsoffenheit für freie MenschenChristian Swertz0Universität Wien
Ausgangspunkt einer aufgeklärten Medienpädagogik ist das eigene Denken, das in Denkgemeinschaften verortet wird. Das Vermögen, selbst denken zu können, wird zunächst wahrgenommen und dann rückblickend erläutert. In den Mittelpunkt der aufgeklärten Medienpädagogik wird dabei der Umstand gerückt, dass Menschen, die sich dafür entscheiden, selbst zu denken, mit Medien selbst denken. Das ermöglicht es selbst denkenden Menschen, Medienproduktion, Mediendistribution und Medienkonsum zu beherrschen. Medienpädagog:innen sollten es allen Menschen ermöglichen, sich dieses wertvolle Vermögen anzueignen.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8585MedienpädagogikAufklärungDatenreligionDatenkapitalismusoai:doaj.org/article:a05c4e134b1e41b3bb87a21fa91783462024-03-28T09:56:54ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-11Frauenförderung im Bildungssystem – Vor den Vorhang Marlies Ettl0Herta Firnberg Schulen
Die Auseinandersetzung um Bildungsmöglichkeiten für Frauen und Mädchen war in der Vergangenheit für die Frauenbewegung eine Schlüsselfrage im Kampf um Gleichberechtigung und Selbstbestimmung. Eine gute Bildungspolitik muss daher auch heute emanzipatorisch gedacht werden. Die Hertha Firnberg Schulen (HSF) haben ein erfolgreiches Konzept mit Nachhaltigkeitscharakter für das (Berufs-)Leben ihrer Absolvent*innen entwickelt, wie Schulleiterin Marlies Ettl mit ihrem Beitrag erläutert.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8584FrauenförderungHertha Firnberg SchulenGleichberechtigungSelbstbestimmungoai:doaj.org/article:95d54eb291774bec8a5cb66f868c4ed42024-03-28T09:56:54ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-16„KI hat das Potenzial, die Schule von Grund auf zu reformieren“Werner Pramel0HTL Spengergasse
Das Ressort Kunst und Kultur in der Schule der MEDIENIMPULSE stellt in einer losen Interview-Serie führende Akteur:innen der heimischen Medienkunst vor. Im Zentrum der Werkstattgespräche stehen künstlerische Positionen und medientechnologische Entwicklungen sowie Fragen nach Arbeitsbedingungen, Archivierung und Ausbildung.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8593HTL SpengergasseDesignKIInterfaceGamingoai:doaj.org/article:6aceb66d65e14a8eab3b321956ba749d2024-03-28T09:56:54ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-06Rezension: "Forschendes Lernen in der interkulturellen Germanistik. Herausforderungen, Reflexionen, Lösungen" von Julija Boguna, Ewald Reuter und Gesine Lenore Schiewer (Hg.)Katharina Obererlacher0Freie Autorin
Die internationale Germanistik sieht sich häufig mit dem Spannungsfeld konfrontiert, das sich aus den unterschiedlichen Ansprüchen von Praxisrelevanz und Wissenschaftlichkeit ergibt. Zwischen Spracherwerb und der Schwierigkeit für Absolvent*innen, in einem prekären Arbeitsmarkt Fuß zu fassen, droht die Vermittlung wissenschaftlicher Inhalte und Methoden oft zu kurz zu kommen. Wie diesem Konflikt mit dem Konzept des Forschenden Lernens begegnet werden kann, beschreibt der Sammelband Forschendes Lernen in der interkulturellen Germanistik anhand von internationalen Fallstudien.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8565Forschendes Lerneninterkulturelle Germanistikdidaktische MethodeHochschullehreoai:doaj.org/article:e05fbfd0f7fd44b880dbacb7b62c9c302024-03-28T09:56:53ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-20Editorial 01/2024: Aufgeklärte MedienpädagogikAnke Redecker0Christian Swertz1Alessandro Barberi2Freie AutorinUniversität WienOVGU Magdeburg / Universität WienKant hat in seiner Beantwortung der Frage, was Aufklärung ist, das Prinzip der Aufklärung klar formuliert: Aufgeklärt ist, wer frei ist. Frei ist der Mensch, der dazu in der Lage ist, Medien vernünftig zu verwenden, oder – in Kants Worten – „von seiner Vernunft in allen Stükken öffentlichen Gebrauch zu machen“ (Kant 1968). Damit wird die Möglichkeit, sich öffentlich frei zu äußern, als eine Methode vorgeschlagen, die Menschen zum Vernunftgebrauch zu erziehen. Das erinnert an die negative Erziehung von Rousseau, denn die Bewegung auf dem Pfad der Bildung soll nicht durch Inhalte, sondern durch die materielle Struktur vermittelt werden: Es gilt, für alle Menschen die Möglichkeit zu schaffen, von der eigenen Vernunft kritischen Gebrauch zu machen – das Weitere regeln sie dann selbst. Die Annahme, dass Menschen das Weitere dann selbst regeln können, liegt in der Logik der Sache, denn alles andere ist mit dem Ziel der Freiheit nicht zu vereinbaren.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8626oai:doaj.org/article:dd54cf6f9d384595b56257a9c9fd078c2024-03-28T09:56:53ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-17Hans Kelsen und der Austromarxismus – Eine ambivalente SympathieBarbara Serloth0Freie Autorin
Der Beitrag von Barbara Serloth lotet das spannende Verhältnis von Hans Kelsens Rechtspositivismus und der Staatstheorie des Austromarxismus im Sinne Max Adlers aus, um aus politologischer Sich die ideologischen Unterschiede von Liberalismus und Sozialismus vor Augen zu führen. „Ideologien“, die – historisch betrachtet – auch zwischen Kantianismus und Marxismus zu diskutieren bleiben, wenn es um die liberale und soziale Demokratie geht. Dabei wird fast genau 100 Jahre später die eminente Aktualität der diesbezüglichen Diskussionen und ihre Bestimmung von Bildung und Politik im Rahmen der Ersten Republik mehr als deutlich.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8618Hans KelsenReine RechtslehreMax AdlerAustromarxismusoai:doaj.org/article:a284618fd6544489bf1c70cf2a760ce92024-03-28T09:56:53ZTENDOkNvbW11bmljYXRpb24uIE1hc3MgbWVkaWE~deuBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungMedienimpulse2307-31872024-03-0162110.21243/mi-01-24-21Mediamanual und Media Literacy Award – Was kommt danach?Petra Missomelius0Universität Innsbruck
Der Essay von Petra Missomelius thematisiert das für Viele überraschende Ende der Initiative Mediamanual und die lange und erfolgreich mit Schulen durchgeführte Preisverleihung Media Literacy Award, welche schulische Medienproduktionen als Best Practice sichtbar gemacht hat. Es stellt sich nun die Frage, wie diese Aspekte schulischer Medienarbeit und medienpraktischer schulischer Bildungsarbeit im Zusammenspiel der Aktivitäten rund um das Schulfach Digitale Grundbildung neu aufgegriffen und lanciert werden können.
https://journals.univie.ac.at/index.php/mp/article/view/8627MedienbildungMedienkompetenzmlamedia literacy awardmediamanualMedienproduktionoai:doaj.org/article:9f42fa66d4894557a5b6347091734fd82024-03-28T09:56:52ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-7Philosophical Tradition in TranslationMikael Evdokimov0University of Vienna, Centre for Translation Studies
While reflecting upon the intrinsically multilingual and translational history of philosophy, philosophers and philosophy scholars frequently argue metaphorically in terms of a tradition. The perspectives vary in emphasizing either the tradition’s continuance or its transition, whereas translation is perceived of as the central or an auxiliary force in both processes. Four approaches where a philosophical tradition is differently poeticized are discussed in the paper. They reveal specific operations of transfer and transformation which are claimed to be supported or accelerated by/in translation. Such tradition-related operations appear to qualify for being traced and pinned down in a given philosophical translation. The paper seeks to work out this heuristic potential within the selected poetics of tradition and draws upon the paratextual comments on the first Russian translation of Heidegger’s “Being and Time” to eventually illustrate the translation-induced shifts of whatever might be called a philosophical tradition.
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/7618tradition of thoughthistory of philosophypoeticsparatextphilosopher-translatorHeideggeroai:doaj.org/article:9cdb50f428c54655a83201bcaedc53002024-03-28T09:56:52ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-3Invisible Mediators: Interpreters of German Occupied Greece (1941–1944)Nadia Georgiou0Sheffield Hallam University
Recent years have seen the creation of a complex and multifaceted body of scholarly work examining the role of translators and interpreters in conflict situations. More is yet to be discovered, however, about these significant individuals and their functions and contribution to past and current wartime situations. Using data collected from oral histories gathered as part of the digital archive project by the Free University of Berlin, and the written testimonials provided by the Center for Neo-Hellenic Studies, this study focuses on the underexplored role of interpreters in German Occupied Greece (1941–1944). The digital archive offers key information regarding issues beyond what has been recorded so far regarding interpreter ethnic and ideological allegiances, for instance. Issues connected to the interpreters’ background, with a special emphasis on acquisition of linguistic skills, shed light on broader anthropological and sociological issues, such as their level of education, which may be linked to social class. Gender is another aspect discussed, as a result of the finding that a large number of interpreters in Occupied Greece were women.
This paper includes an annex with excerpts from testimonials (in Greek).
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/6295interpretersWorld War IIgendersocial classOccupied Greeceideologyoai:doaj.org/article:9bcd070a627642a889b088445d588fe22024-03-28T09:56:52ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-6Das erste wissenschaftliche Übersetzungprojekt?Bernd Kulawik
Während es Übersetzungen der De Architectura Libri Decem des antiken Autors Vitruv bereits zuvor gab, entwickelte ein erst jüngst als Accademia de lo Studio de l’Architettura identifizierter Kreis vieler Gelehrter und Architekten ab ca. 1531 in Rom ein umfassendes Programm zur wissenschaftlichen Begründung der Architektur und insbesondere zur Erforschung der als vorbildlich angesehenen Architektur der römischen Antike. Für dieses Programm war Vitruvs Text der Ausgangspunkt und von zentraler Bedeutung, weshalb er neu ediert und übersetzt werden sollte. Dieses bisher als unrealisiert und sogar als unrealisierbar angesehene Programm – 1531 erstmals skizziert, 1542 schriftlich fixiert und 1547 publiziert – stellt einen bemerkenswerten und vermutlich sogar den ersten wissenschaftlich zu nennenden Versuch dar, einen antiken Text nicht nur zu emendieren, zu edieren und zu übersetzen, sondern mit Hilfe zusätzlicher Quellen, die ebenfalls systematisch erfasst, dokumentiert und analysiert werden sollten, zu verstehen bzw. zu interpretieren und für Gegenwart und Zukunft nutzbar zu machen. Aus diesen Arbeiten gingen zahlreiche Manuskripte, Zeichnungen, Einzeldrucke und Bücher hervor, die heute zu den Grundlagen verschiedener historischer Wissenschaften gezählt werden und deshalb – wie das trotzdem weitgehend vergessene Projekt selbst – besondere Aufmerksamkeit verdienen. Der Artikel erläutert das Programm und seine Ergebnisse vorrangig unter dem Aspekt ihrer translationshistorischen Relevanz.
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/6294VitruviusArchitekturArchäologieWissenschaftsgeschichteArchitekturtheorieoai:doaj.org/article:87f514a5f5af41b49132f184f7ef63592024-03-28T09:56:52ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-5Literary Translations in the Book Production of Estonian Exile PublishersAile Möldre0Tallinn University, School of Digital Technologies
The article treats the activities of Estonian exile publishers in the Soviet Union (1918–1937) and in the West (1944–1991), concentrating on the publications of translated literary works. The analysis includes the study of the motives for publishing literary translations and the functions these publications were supposed to fulfil in these two different contexts of production and reception. The publishing of Estonian-language literary works in the Soviet Union is studied in the framework of national and cultural policies of the 1920s and 1930s, which determined the development of minority publishing. The output of translated literature by Estonian-language publishers is compared with the all-union translation policy and its preferences in the selection of authors for translation. The treatment of the Estonian-language publishing in the West focuses on the activities of Andres Laur and his publishing house Orto that issued most of the literary translations. The translation publications by other publishers (Vaba Eesti, Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv) represent alternative modes of selection, illustrating the variety of motives.
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/7670Estoniafictionexilepublishingoai:doaj.org/article:8191d5e2cb174127a81557a4c672860e2024-03-28T09:56:52ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-4Histoire de la traduction dans les Cours constitutionnelles de l’Europe de l’OuestMathilde Kamal-Girard0Université de Guyane
Cet article traite de la question de la traduction dans les Cours constitutionnelles des Etats unilingues de l’Europe de l’Ouest: France, Italie, Espagne, Portugal et Allemagne. Cette recherche, débutée en 2019, a permis de mettre en évidence la particularité des “traductions cognitives”. Une fois la notion définie, nous avons décidé de mener une enquête socio-historique (PAYRE / POLLET 2005) en envoyant un questionnaire aux Cours constitutionnelles concernées. Trois Cours ont répondu (France, Allemagne, Espagne); un article a été écrit sur la question à propos de la Cour constitutionnelle d’Italie et nous avons pu nous entretenir avec son auteur, Paolo Passaglia (PASSAGLIA 2017); seule la Cour constitutionnelle du Portugal n’a pas été joignable. Les données récoltées ont permis de mieux comprendre l’histoire de la traduction dans ces Cours : comment elle est née, de quelle manière elle s’est développée ; quelles sont les pratiques passées et actuelles. Ce travail empirique a pour ambition de porter à la connaissance les usages de traduction au sein des Cours constitutionnelles de France, d’Allemagne, d’Espagne et d’Italie, tout en réfléchissant à leurs transformations présentes et à venir.
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/7598FranceCour constitutionelleEuropetraductions cognitivesoai:doaj.org/article:e8008d3ccf6041b8ac9ee39c75e974152024-03-28T09:56:51ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-1A conference mosaic – History & Translation conference Tallinn 2022Stefanie KremmelJulia RichterTomasz Rozmysłowicz 0Larisa SchippelJohannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
How can a conference as large and diverse as the first conference of the History and Translation Network in Tallinn in May of 2022 be adequately represented and remembered? To archive, share, and promote the multiplicity of topics and approaches that came together, we invited panel chairs and, in some cases, panelists to write short texts about their panels. These now form a conference mosaic as tiles. As is often the case with a mosaic, the tiles vary in size and style, with some leaving a blank space. From time to time, tiles in different languages remind us of the multilingual reality of the research subjects, the researchers, and also the conference. The texts have been arranged in three overarching categories: methods & approaches, actors & themes and time & space. We thank all contributors for their efforts and hope readers enjoy browsing the mosaic.
Edited by Chronotopos, contributors of texts are named below each text.
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/8641translation historyTallinnHTN networkmosaicconference report2022oai:doaj.org/article:d4d3bbc7b5114756b58b8cf2fd84afff2024-03-28T09:56:51ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-2Language For TradeClare Griffin0Indiana University Bloomington
This article uses a case-study of a Dutch translation of a Russianbook of tariffs and trading laws from 1724 to examine how language shaped and was shaped by global trade. In the early modern period shifting trade routes brought new commodities with new names, imperial expansion reified imperial terms as the norm for imperial-control/ed products, and both joined old terms for the technica/ities and legalities of international trade. All those terms had to be arranged within texts, tables, and books, and rearranged in translations vital to international trade. Such mercantile texts aimed not for definitive and lasting translations, but rather translations that worked in the immediate and fleeting context trade required. Comparing these two books shows how the semantics of commerce were shaped not only by linguistics but the expediencies of trade. Examining this unexpected and as-yet unused textual pairing demonstrates the interconnected nature of linguistic, mercantile, and material changes in the early modern global world.
https://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/8086Global HistorytradeEarly ModernTranslationRussiaThe Netherlandsoai:doaj.org/article:bb6228f74c4c47e0ad60e739af2fd30c2024-03-28T09:56:51ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-9Kita-Huber, Jadwiga & Makarska, Renata (eds.) (2020): Wyjść tłumaczowi naprzeciw. Miejsce tłumacza w najnowszych badaniach translatologicznych [Meeting the Translator Halfway. The Place of the Translator in Recent Translatological Re-search]. Kraków: Universitas.Joanna Sobesto0Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowiehttps://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/8587Polandtranslator studiesTranslatorbiographyoai:doaj.org/article:791c1539e8d24efcb894c52b6b8a2f8f2024-03-28T09:56:51ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-8Lehmstedt, Mark (2022): „Uebersetzungsmanufactur“ und „proletarische Scribenten“. Buchmarkt und Übersetzungswesen im 18. Jahrhundert. Leipzig: Lehmstedt Verlag.Larisa Schippel0Zentrum für Translationswissenschaft, Universität Wienhttps://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/863918. JahrhundertÜbersetzungsfabrikenÜbersetzerVerlageoai:doaj.org/article:1c15c6d2ed7541fbab89033c320f1e672024-03-28T09:56:51ZTENDOkxhbmd1YWdlIGFuZCBMaXRlcmF0dXJlTENDOlRyYW5zbGF0aW5nIGFuZCBpbnRlcnByZXRpbmc~deuUniversity of ViennaChronotopos2617-34412024-03-014210.25365/cts-2022-4-2-10Gipper, Andreas; Heller, Lavinia & Lukenda, Robert (Hg.) (2022): Politiken der Translation in Italien. Wegmarken einer deutsch-italienischen Übersetzungsgeschichte vom Risorgimento bis zum Faschismus. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner VerlagWolfgang Pöckl0Universität Innsbruckhttps://chronotopos.eu/index.php/cts/article/view/8640ItalienÜbersetzungsgeschichtedeutsch-italienischoai:doaj.org/article:36b4213d988b45339feba9abe419ff292024-03-28T09:55:48ZTENDOlNwZWNpYWx0aWVzIG9mIGludGVybmFsIG1lZGljaW5lengFrontiers Media S.A.Journal of Abdominal Wall Surgery2813-20922024-03-01310.3389/jaws.2024.1247812478Lived Experience of Parastomal Bulging: A Mixed Methods StudyJulie Munro0Gill Hubbard1Will Goodman2Rebecca Beeken3Raymond Oliphant4Centre for Rural Health Sciences, University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness, United KingdomSchool of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United KingdomSchool of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomSchool of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomColorectal Unit, Raigmore Hospital, NHS Highland, Inverness, United KingdomAim:This United Kingdom study aimed to explore people’s experiences of living with, and self-managing parastomal bulging.Methods:Seventeen people were interviewed and 61 people completed an online survey.Results:Parastomal bulging has a detrimental impact on quality of life including a negative impact on stoma function, daily activities, body image, physical intimacy, and socialising; access to specialist information and support for addressing the problem of bulging was inequitable; support garments were the most common self-management intervention; there was confusion about what exercise would be beneficial or how being active would help in terms of parastomal bulging self-management; peer support is no substitute for high quality specialist support.Conclusion:People need equitable access to information and support to self-manage and treat parastomal bulging. Research about other types of self-management interventions, for example, exercise is required so that people do not have to rely solely on support garments to self-manage parastomal bulging.https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/jaws.2024.12478/fullstomaherniaself-managementparastomal herniaparastomal bulgingoai:doaj.org/article:5aa3dfb4cf9244979139c685a4ce6d7a2024-03-28T09:54:29ZTENDOk1hdGVyaWFscyBvZiBlbmdpbmVlcmluZyBhbmQgY29uc3RydWN0aW9uLiBNZWNoYW5pY3Mgb2YgbWF0ZXJpYWxzTENDOkluZHVzdHJpYWwgZW5naW5lZXJpbmcuIE1hbmFnZW1lbnQgZW5naW5lZXJpbmc~TENDOlBoeXNpY3M~engIOP PublishingInternational Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2631-79902024-01-016303200710.1088/2631-7990/ad3316Preparation of single atom catalysts for high sensitive gas sensingXinxin He0Ping Guo1Xuyang An2Yuyang Li3Jiatai Chen4Xingyu Zhang5Lifeng Wang6Mingjin Dai7Chaoliang Tan8Jia Zhang9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-7543Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of ChinaInstitute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Victoria 3220, AustraliaSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798, SingaporeDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China 999077, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of China; Chongqing Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology , Chongqing 401120, People’s Republic of ChinaSingle atom catalysts (SACs) have garnered significant attention in the field of catalysis over the past decade due to their exceptional atom utilization efficiency and distinct physical and chemical properties. For the semiconductor-based electrical gas sensor, the core is the catalysis process of target gas molecules on the sensitive materials. In this context, the SACs offer great potential for highly sensitive and selective gas sensing, however, only some of the bubbles come to the surface. To facilitate practical applications, we present a comprehensive review of the preparation strategies for SACs, with a focus on overcoming the challenges of aggregation and low loading. Extensive research efforts have been devoted to investigating the gas sensing mechanism, exploring sensitive materials, optimizing device structures, and refining signal post-processing techniques. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives on the SACs based gas sensing are presented.https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/ad3316single atom catalystspreparationsensing mechanismgas sensingoai:doaj.org/article:072eeac30ab74f44a67f6900f664433f2024-03-28T09:53:12ZTENDOkFzdHJvcGh5c2ljcw~~engIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series0067-00492024-01-0127124910.3847/1538-4365/ad27d6Modeling the Morphology of Fast Radio Bursts and Radio Pulsars with fitburstE. Fonseca0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-5049Z. Pleunis1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-697XD. Breitman2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2349-3341K. R. Sand3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-3676B. Kharel4https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6166-1095P. J. Boyle5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-9299C. Brar6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-8233U. Giri7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-9167V. M. Kaspi8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9345-0307K. W. Masui9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-6946B. W. Meyers10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8845-1225C. Patel11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-1073P. Scholz12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-7119K. Smith13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2088-3125Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, WV 26506-6315, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USADunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, CanadaScuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, CanadaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, WV 26506-6315, USA; Center for Gravitational Waves and Cosmology , Chestnut Ridge Research Building, Morgantown, WV 26505, USADepartment of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, CanadaDepartment of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, CanadaDepartment of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, CanadaMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Bentley, WA 6102, AustraliaDepartment of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7, CanadaDunlap Institute for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H4, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University , 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, MJ3 1P3, CanadaPerimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street N., Waterloo, ON, N25 2YL, CanadaWe present a framework for modeling astrophysical pulses from radio pulsars and fast radio bursts (FRBs). This framework, called fitburst , generates synthetic representations of dynamic spectra that are functions of several physical and heuristic parameters; the heuristic parameters can nonetheless accommodate a vast range of distributions in spectral energy. fitburst is designed to optimize the modeling of features induced by effects that are intrinsic and extrinsic to the emission mechanism, including the magnitude and frequency dependence of pulse dispersion and scatter broadening. fitburst removes intrachannel smearing through two-dimensional upsampling, and can account for phase-wrapping of “folded” signals that are typically acquired during pulsar-timing observations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of fitburst in modeling data containing pulsars and FRBs observed with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment telescope.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad27d6PulsarsRadio transient sourcesInterstellar mediumInterstellar scintillationAstronomy softwareoai:doaj.org/article:6c54bb2e096a49edb15051310357b3892024-03-28T09:53:10ZTENDOkFzdHJvcGh5c2ljcw~~engIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series0067-00492024-01-0127125010.3847/1538-4365/ad27d2Modeling and Calibration of Gaia, Hipparcos, and Tycho-2 Astrometric Data for the Detection of Dark CompanionsFabo Feng0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6039-0555Yicheng Rui1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1682Yifan Xuan2https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9341-3442Hugh Jones3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0433-3665Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 520 Shengrong Road, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China ; ffeng@sjtu.edu.cn; School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of ChinaTsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 520 Shengrong Road, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China ; ffeng@sjtu.edu.cn; School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of ChinaTsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 520 Shengrong Road, Shanghai, 201210, People's Republic of China ; ffeng@sjtu.edu.cn; School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of ChinaCentre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire , College Lane, AL10 9AB, Hatfield, UKHidden within the Gaia satellite’s multiple data releases lies a valuable cache of dark companions. To facilitate the efficient and reliable detection of these companions via combined analyses involving the Gaia, Hipparcos, and Tycho-2 catalogs, we introduce an astrometric modeling framework. This method incorporates analytical least-square minimization and nonlinear parameter optimization techniques to a set of common calibration sources across the different space-based astrometric catalogs. This enables us to discern the error inflation, astrometric jitter, differential parallax zero-points, and frame rotation of various catalogs relative to Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3). Our findings yield the most precise Gaia DR2 calibration parameters to date, revealing notable dependencies on magnitude and color. Intriguingly, we identify submilliarcsecond frame rotation between Gaia DR1 and DR3, along with an estimated astrometric jitter of 2.16 mas for the revised Hipparcos catalog. In a thorough comparative analysis with previous studies, we offer recommendations on calibrating and utilizing different catalogs for companion detection. Furthermore, we provide a user-friendly pipeline ( https://github.com/ruiyicheng/Download_HIP_Gaia_GOST ) for catalog download and bias correction, enhancing accessibility and usability within the scientific community.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad27d2AstrometryAstrometric exoplanet detectionAstrometric binary starsBayes factoroai:doaj.org/article:a5d01ec8453e4ea8a0c7370fcf67d5cb2024-03-28T09:53:08ZTENDOkFzdHJvcGh5c2ljcw~~engIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series0067-00492024-01-0127124810.3847/1538-4365/ad2c0cMetallicities and Refined Stellar Parameters for 52 Cool Dwarfs with Transiting Planets and Planet CandidatesRebecca Gore0https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7274-7523Steven Giacalone1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8965-3969Courtney D. Dressing2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8189-0233Emma V. Turtelboom3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-2617Ashley Schroeder4Charles D. Fortenbach5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5286-639XKevin K. Hardegree-Ullman6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3702-0382Jon K. Zink7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1848-2063Andrew W. Mayo8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-2135Joshua E. Schlieder9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-7062Jessie L. Christiansen10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-4778Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; giacalone@astro.caltech.edu; Bay Area Environmental Research Institute , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; giacalone@astro.caltech.edu; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; giacalone@astro.caltech.eduDepartment of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; giacalone@astro.caltech.eduDepartment of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; giacalone@astro.caltech.edu; AstroCamp , Idyllwild, CA 92549, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University , San Francisco, CA 94132, USASteward Observatory, The University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA ; giacalone@astro.caltech.edu; Centre for Star and Planet Formation, Natural History Museum of Denmark & Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K., DenmarkNASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Rd., Greenbelt, MD 20771, USANASA Exoplanet Science Institute , IPAC, MS 100-22, Caltech, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USAWe collected near-infrared spectra of 65 cool stars with the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility and analyzed them to calculate accurate metallicities and stellar parameters. The sample of 55 M dwarfs and 10 K dwarfs includes 25 systems with confirmed planets and 27 systems with planet candidates identified by the K2 and TESS missions. Three of the 25 confirmed planetary systems host multiple confirmed planets and two of the 27 planet candidate systems host multiple planet candidates. Using the new stellar parameters, we refit the K2 and TESS light curves to calculate updated planet properties. In general, our updated stellar properties are more precise than those previously reported and our updated planet properties agree well with those in the literature. Lastly, we briefly examine the relationship between stellar mass, stellar metallicity, and planetary system properties for targets in our sample and for previously characterized planet-hosting low-mass stars. We provide our spectra, stellar parameters, and new planetary fits to the community, expanding the sample available with which to investigate correlations between stellar and planetary properties for low-mass stars.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad2c0cExoplanetsExoplanet systemsStellar propertiesM dwarf starsLow mass starsSpectroscopyoai:doaj.org/article:3e7886d18cc642a68ad810ac6700dd8b2024-03-28T09:51:37ZTENDOkFydHMgaW4gZ2VuZXJhbA~~engState Institute for Art StudiesХудожественная культура2226-00722024-03-01153455310.51678/2226-0072-2024-1-534-553The National Landscape in Russian Film Comedies about the Village of the 1990s: ‘The Village Trilogy’ by V. ChikovVoskresenskaya Victoria V.0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9991-2576State Institute for Art StudiesThe article examines the implementation of the national rural landscape in the Russian post-perestroika comedy films about village, namely in the ‘village trilogy’ by V. Chikov. In these films, the canon of the image of a villager, as well as specific shots of rural landscapes, inherits the traditions of Russian ‘village cinema’ and everyday comedies of the 1950s — the first half of the 1980s. In the absence of stylistic and artistic experiments in Chikov’s films, the landscape is of interest as an expression of a trend in the social consciousness of the time, also being a means of social satire and criticism of the state domestic policy of that time.https://artculturestudies.sias.ru/upload/iblock/c3a/ekb9dj4s8crs8jabasgg9qqb995sd4i9/hk_2024_1_534.pdfcomedy filmrussian cinema about villagethe 1990sv. chikovoai:doaj.org/article:bdf1c869c7164b1c97a3da1403e3152a2024-03-28T09:50:19ZTENDOkdlbmV0aWNzengTaylor & Francis GroupMitochondrial DNA. Part B. Resources2380-23592024-03-019340841010.1080/23802359.2024.2334024The complete mitochondrial genome of Tauraco livingstonii (Musophagidae: Tauraco)Xuanye Wu0Xiaojia Wang1Gaoxiang Kuang2Kun Jin3Xuedong Liu4College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaChongqing Zoo, Chongqing, ChinaChongqing Zoo, Chongqing, ChinaEcology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, ChinaAbstractLivingstone’s turaco, Tauraco livingstonii, belongs to the family Musophagidae. In this study, we obtained the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Livingstone’s turaco by high-throughput sequencing technology and constructed a phylogenetic tree. It was found that the mitochondria of this species are 19,015 bp in length and contain a total of 37 genes, comprising 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes. The base composition of the mitochondrial genome is 31.61% A, 24.22% T, 30.64% C, and 13.52% G, with a GC content of 44%. Notably, an intriguing phenomenon of mitochondrial genome rearrangements was observed, characterized by the duplication of the tRNA Glu-L-CR gene order. In addition, the results of the phylogenetic tree analysis shed light on the taxonomic position of Livingstone’s turaco and supported the taxonomy of Otidimorphae. The study provides a basis for future phylogenetic and taxonomic investigations of Musophagiformes.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23802359.2024.2334024Tauraco livingstoniiMusophagiformesmitochondrial genomephylogeneticsoai:doaj.org/article:5d07b5a16720432a88431ef197f8fadf2024-03-28T09:50:18ZTENDOkFydHMgaW4gZ2VuZXJhbA~~engState Institute for Art StudiesХудожественная культура2226-00722024-03-01151253310.51678/2226-0072-2024-1-512-533Our Hearts Demand Change. The Image of a Rock Musician in the Late Soviet CinemaSmagina Svetlana A.0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8502-5383S.A. Gerasimov All-Russian State University of Cinematography (VGIK)The article analyses the image of a rock musician in the late Soviet and modern Russian cinema. Having appeared on screen in the mid-80s, a rock musician character type immediately had a cult following. The image represented a hero of the then-new time, a singer of freedom, a bearer of a different, “correct” pro-Western worldview, starting from the appearance and ending with the philosophy of life, and a symbol of disagreement not only with the generation of fathers but also with the then-existing, “wrong” world order in general. A rock musician in the perestroika cinema was a typical rebel character who appeared in the world cinema at the turn of epochs. The author of the article formulates the cultural codes behind the representation of such a character type on screen, traces its transformation, and comes to the conclusion that the meanings behind a rock musician character type are gradually losing their immediate relevance in modern Russian cinema.https://artculturestudies.sias.ru/upload/iblock/d3d/uqziv9lrmtwd77dxt6nkp562yoermptz/hk_2024_1_512.pdfrussian cinemaprofessions in cinemaanthropology of cinemasoviet cinemaartistic imageimage in cinemarock musicianoai:doaj.org/article:e3b29440e1f64d028e28f5b80cc070172024-03-28T09:49:49ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.946Management of Nasoalveolar Cyst by Transnasal Endoscopic MarsupializationMohnish Grover0Siddharth Nirwan1Rahul Nahar2Samanvaya Soni3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4211-3292SMS Medical college and Hospital, Jaipur, IndiaSMS Medical college and Hospital, Jaipur, IndiaSMS Medical college and Hospital, Jaipur, IndiaSMS Medical college and Hospital, Jaipur, India
Introduction: A nasoalveolar cyst is a benign nonodontogenic mass situated in the anterior region of the maxilla. They are often located submucosally in the anterior nasal floor giving rise to swelling in the nasolabial area at the base of nasal alae. Traditionally, the approach of choice was intraoral sublabial marsupialization, however the trend is shifting to lesser invasive and scarless transnasal endoscopic marsupialization.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study comprising of 16 patients who underwent microdebrider assisted endoscopic transnasal marsupialization of nasoalveolar cyst.
Results: 16 patients underwent endoscopic transnasal marsupialization under general anaesthesia. They were followed up for 6-16 months (mean 9.43) and none of them had any recurrence.
Conclusion: The traditional treatment for the same has been by external approach. However, a scar in this area of face is not acceptable for many. Also, it is not easy to excise the whole cyst in toto. In our experience, microdebrider assisted endoscopic transnasal marsupialisation is an easier, faster, safer, and equally efficacious technique to treat nasolabial cyst without any recurrence.
Key words: nasoalveolar cyst; nasolabial cyst; endoscopic marsupialization
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/1oai:doaj.org/article:d6391f06dd654f50ad3bae801cfc1cfc2024-03-28T09:49:49ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.880COVID-19 Symptomatology from the Otorhinolaryngology Perspective: Survey from Tertiary Care CenterRaj Tajamul Hussain0Mayank Yadav1Jasdeep Monga2NCMCH, Israna, Panipat Haryana 132107SHKM GMC, Nalhar, NUH Haryana 122107SHKM GMC, Nalhar, NUH Haryana 122107
Introduction
To identify and substantiate the prevalence and severity of different otolaryngological symptoms documented in laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods
This monocentric study was performed at SHKM Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and all patients testing positive for COVID-19 over a 16-month period (April 2020 to July 2021) were recruited. Demographic features, general symptoms, and otolaryngological symptoms were evaluated and compared by disease severity. Patients with otolaryngological manifestations were asked to complete questionnaires and their symptom severity was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS).
Results
722 patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection were included in the study. Median age was 37.7 ± 10.6 years (range 19–85 years), 66.20% (n = 478) were males and 33.79% (n = 244) were females. The most common general symptoms were fever, cough and fatigue/malaise with respective frequencies of 77.42%, 67.45% and 54.70%. The most common otorhinolaryngologic symptoms were sore throat, headache and olfactory dysfunction with respective frequencies of 19.52%, 17.03% and 14.81%. Highest general symptom severity was for fever (median VAS =8) and highest otolaryngologic symptom severity was for hyposmia/anosmia (median VAS =8).
Conclusion
Otolaryngologic manifestations of COVID-19 are not as common as fever and cough. However early recognition of otolaryngologic manifestations should help to screen, identify and thereby quickly isolate symptomatic COVID-19 patients from the general population and also facilitate care givers to take necessary precautions to protect themselves.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/4COVID-19SARS-CoV-2OtolaryngologyAnosmiaHyposmiaDysgeusiaoai:doaj.org/article:bb76f270d3764fe89f2b5acbe24121642024-03-28T09:49:49ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.848A Comparative Study on Endoscopic Underlay versus Interlay Technique of Type I TympanoplastySajitha K B0Naveen Kumar A G1Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Hesarghatta main road, Chikkasandra, Bangalore, KarnatakaSapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Hesarghatta main road, Chikkasandra, Bangalore, Karnataka
Introduction: Tympanoplasty by underlay method is the commonly employed technique to repair perforated tympanic membrane and is conventionally done using a microscope. Aim of this study was to compare the results of underlay and interlay technique of endoscopic tympanoplasty between two groups.
Materials and methods: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, with in a period of two years. All of them underwent type I endoscopic tympanoplasty, 50 patients in group 1 by interlay and 50 patients in group 2 by underlay method. All of whom were followed up for 6 months. Patients were evaluated and compared in terms of graft uptake, improvement in hearing and rate of complications
Results: In the present study, Group 1 patients have recorded a graft uptake rate of 100% where as in group 2 it was 94%. 88% of the patients in group 1 and 84 % in group 2 reported a complete ABG closure at the end of 6 month.
Conclusion: Endoscopic tympanoplasty, by interlay technique gives a very good success rate both in terms of graft uptake and air-bone gap closure when compared to underlay method.
KEYWORDS: endoscopic tympanoplasty, interlay, underlay
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/2Endoscopic tympanoplastyunderlayinterlayoai:doaj.org/article:79d018d4a4f646f3bc494be5f43ae9992024-03-28T09:49:49ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.819Evaluation of Role of Prognostic Factors on Hearing Outcome in Unilateral Idiopathic Sudden Onset Sensorineural Hearing LossNamrata Yadav0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9339-8940Priti Lal1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-9968Rohit Bharadwaj2Kuldeep Yadav3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2483Rainbow Heart & Multi-specialty Hospital, Narnaul, Haryana, IndiaRML Hospital, New Delhi, IndiaArmy College Of Medical Sciences & Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India.Rainbow Heart & Multi-specialty Hospital, Narnaul, Haryana, India
Introduction: Owing to its uncertain and multiple possible etiologies, use of multiple empirical treatment regimens and possibility of spontaneous recovery, it becomes important to look for the possible prognostic factors affecting the outcome of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).
Material and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted with the primary aim of analyzing the role of various possible prognostic factors on the outcome of idiopathic SSNHL including demographic (Age, gender), audio-vestibular (Pre-treatment hearing loss in the affected ear, hearing in the contralateral ear, time elapse between onset of hearing loss and start of treatment, type of hearing loss in term of frequencies affected), presence of tinnitus / vertigo and Comorbidities (Diabetes, Hypothyroidism & Deranged lipid profile/ dyslipidemia).
Result: The absence of vertigo and tinnitus led to better hearing outcomes while raised HbA1c levels, deranged lipids and thyroid profiles adversely affected the outcome.
Conclusion: Vertigo, tinnitus, raised HbA1c levels, deranged lipids and thyroid profiles are possible negative prognostic factors. Better pretreatment hearing levels in the affected and unaffected ears prompted improved recovery.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/3TinnitusGlycated HemoglobinPrognosisLipidsDemographyDyslipidemiasoai:doaj.org/article:f82c53c070e44376b60c8daa6604cd742024-03-28T09:49:48ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.825Primary Nasal TuberculosisVarun Jerath0Bipin Kishore Prasad1Yamuna Ranganathan2Sunil Goyal3Command hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata-700027Rama University of Health Sciences, KanpurCommand Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata-700027Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata-700027
Introduction:
Tuberculosis, considered a major global and public health challenge, not only manifests in the lungs but also affects other sites. Tuberculosis primarily occurring in the nose, poses a diagnostic challenge, as the clinical presentations of other important pathologies such as infective and inflammatory diseases, granulomatous disorders and neoplastic conditions are similar, have an indolent course and are non-specific. Moreover, due to its rarity, it is often missed and not considered in differential diagnosis. It is hence felt that a series of three cases of Primary Nasal Tuberculosis, conclusively diagnosed within a year, merits reporting
Case reports:
A series of 03 cases, presented with complaints of nasal obstruction, crusting in nasal cavity, intermittent epistaxis, conclusively diagnosed as a case of primary nasal tuberculosis
Conclusion:
Primary nasal tuberculosis is rare. One should have a high index of suspicion in patients living in endemic areas not responding to routine treatment and presenting with nasal mass and crusting
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/6Primary Nasal TuberculosisLupusExtra Pulmonary TuberculosisGranulomatous Diseaseoai:doaj.org/article:5e9d1e0da23e48a3bd3e0274947422172024-03-28T09:49:48ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.857Animal Bites in ENTSaba Erfan0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5904Prithvi Das1Somnath Saha2Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital
Introduction:
Animal bites can range from abrasions to laceration injury and are notorious for causing infectious diseases like rabies. Four such animal bite cases presented to ENT emergency, two of them assaulted by the Royal Bengal Tiger and the remaining two were bitten by their pet dogs. The management protocol has been discussed for the four cases.
Case reports:
The first two case reports deal with tiger attack and the other two involve bites by the pet dogs. The primary management of the cases has been described, followed by definite treatment.
Conclusion:
Primary management of the case involves washing the wounds with normal saline. Anti-rabies vaccination followed by regular antiseptic dressing was done and the definite repair was done in the second sitting.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/5bitesrabiesanimaloai:doaj.org/article:5300472f0e194a85a6346e1bf5ff85ee2024-03-28T09:49:48ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.773Cylindroma Mimicking Neurofibroma Vinod Kumar Gonuru0Sridhar Reddy Dandala1M.S.S. Samhita2Ashok Kumar3Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Apollo health City Campus, Road No.92, Jubilee Hills, Film Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500090Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Apollo health City Campus, Road No.92, Jubilee Hills, Film Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500090Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Apollo health City Campus, Road No.92, Jubilee Hills, Film Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500090Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Apollo health City Campus, Road No.92, Jubilee Hills, Film Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500090
Introduction
Cylindroma is an appendageal tumour of the skin that is usually benign in nature, arising from pluripotent stem cells in the follicular-sebaceous-apocrine unit. Usually, multiple cylindromas are a component of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome (BSS) or occur only as skin lesions in familial cylindromatosis (FC). The site of the occurrence of tumours in this condition is the scalp.
Case Report
Here, we are reporting a case of multiple cylindromas in a 47-year-old female who presented with lesions on the face and scalp that were initially suspected to be neurofibroma as there were no features of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome or significant familial history pertaining to this presentation, but the histopathological diagnosis was suggestive of cylindroma.
Discussion
These are skin appedegeal tumours which commonly occur in the face and scalp. Their presentation resembles that of Neurofibromatosis and hence histopathological examination holds significance here. The main modality of treatment is excision of the lesions with management of the vascularity around the lesions, if present.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/7CylindromaPluripotent Stem CellsNeurofibromaBrooke Spiegler SyndromeScalpoai:doaj.org/article:ef6ab525e32342a091d5b27113c64f2d2024-03-28T09:49:47ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.9PrefaceEditor-in-Chief BJOHNShttps://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/9oai:doaj.org/article:eb18e3e801e644789e830d5c1cfffc122024-03-28T09:49:47ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-09-0131110.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i1.878A Rare Otological Presentation of Squamous PapillomaTanuj Madan0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-7855Sunil Goyal1Sachin Thongam2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-8066Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Alipore Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700027 Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Alipore Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700027 155 Base Hospital, Tezpur, Assam, India
Introduction:
Squamous papillomas (SPs) are benign epithelial neoplastic lesions commonly found in skin, oral mucosa, upper aerodigestive tract and genitals. Involvement of external auditory canal (EAC) by SP is extremely rare and whatever scarce literature is available is in the form of case reports. The exact incidence of this entity is still unknown. Consequently, its etiology, histopathological features, differential diagnoses and optimal management merit a better understanding by the Otolaryngologists.
Case report: We present a case of EAC SP in a 15 year old girl hailing from north-eastern India who presented to us with a mass in the EAC which was acutely painful. Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography remained the gold standard and imaging study of choice for evaluation. However, the diagnosis was clinched only by histopathology. We also discuss our strategy of management along with a brief review of literature.
Conclusion:
Squamous papilloma has rarely been reported to affect the EAC. Human papilloma virus remains the most consistent etiological agent. Advanced imaging like contrast enhanced high resolution computed tomogram remains gold standard to evaluate any mass seen in EAC. Complete excision with cold steel technique or coblation with good post-operative care and follow up is the standard of care.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/8Squamous PapillomaExternal Auditory CanalHuman Papilloma VirusKoilocytosisoai:doaj.org/article:932921cdcc2b4a7d947dd8b53c86d6d22024-03-28T09:49:46ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-12-0131210.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i2.767Staging of Laryngeal Cancer: Clinicoradiological versus Histopathological Findings using Modified Laryngeal SectioningShriyash Sinha0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5124-5011Sarmila Sen1Somnath Saha2Calcutta National Medical College, 32, Gorachand Rd, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700014Calcutta National Medical College, 32, Gorachand Rd, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700014Calcutta National Medical College, 32, Gorachand Rd, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700014
INTRODUCTION: Laryngeal cancer is commonly encountered in India. Post operative whole organ sectioning of the larynx, although informative, can often be tedious and cumbersome. This study aims to define a modified method of laryngeal sectioning and to assess its level of agreement with pre-operative clinicoradiological findings with regard to T-stage of laryngeal cancer.
METHODOLOGY: Prospective study was conducted on 15 patients diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma, who underwent total laryngectomy with neck dissection. The pre-operative clinicoradiological T-stage, was compared to the post-operative pathological T-stage, obtained after histopathological examination of sections taken from relevant areas of the total laryngectomy specimen using modified laryngeal sectioning.
RESULTS: When compared to the pathological staging obtained after modified laryngeal sectioning, clinical T-staging over-staged the tumour in 3 cases and under-staged the tumour in 2 cases, and was similar in the remaining 10 cases. The level of agreement in determining the T-stage was ‘fair’.
CONCLUSION: The T-stages determined by pre-operative clinicoradiological findings and post-operative histopathological findings after modified laryngeal sectioning, were similar in two-third cases. While whole organ laryngeal sectioning remains the gold standard, it is often a costly and cumbersome process. We propose the use of representative tissue samples from the areas of interest for histopathological examination, obtained by sectioning the larynx at relevant points only, as it saves time and is less resource intensive.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/31Laryngeal cancerclinical stagingradiological stagingpathological stagingwhole organ sectionmodified laryngeal sectioningRemove modified laryngeal sectioningoai:doaj.org/article:878875bab1dd4db28cbbcaf040050a872024-03-28T09:49:46ZTENDOk1lZGljaW5lTENDOk90b3JoaW5vbGFyeW5nb2xvZ3k~engThe Association of Otolaryngologists of India, West BengalBengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery2395-23932395-24072023-12-0131210.47210/bjohns.2023.v31i2.921Thyroid Dysfunction following Radiotherapy and Combined Therapy in Non-Thyroid Head and Neck CancersRais Ahmad Bhat0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-0583Om Prakash1Shabab Lalit Angurana2Govt Medical College Jammu, J and K Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India-180001AIIMS Vijaypur Jammu J and K
INTRODUCTION: In patients with head and neck cancers thyroid gland bears the brunt in terms of either excision or irradiation resulting in loss of functionality of the gland leading to thyroid dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate thyroid function following radiotherapy and combined therapy in non-thyroid head and neck cancers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a prospective study of 51 patients with head and neck cancers for duration of one year. Thyroid function tests were done before and at the end, 3 months and 6 months following treatment.
RESULTS: Out of 51 patients, 47 (92.15 %) were males and 4 (7.8 %) were females. All the patients received radiation to the neck to a dose of > 50 GY. 36 patients received concurrent chemotherapy and 7 patients underwent surgery. 4 patients were found to have clinical hypothyroidism, 16 patients subclinical hypothyroidism, 1 patient clinical hyperthyroidism and 1 patient subclinical hyperthyroidism. Thus a total of 22 patients developed thyroid dysfunction (P value of 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Recognizing thyroid dysfunction early and treating it prevents thyroid dysfunction related complications. Hence, thyroid function tests should be done routinely during follow-up in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.
https://bjohns.in/journal23/index.php/bjohns/article/view/30Head and Neck cancersthyroid dysfunctionRadiotherapyChemotherapyeyJtIjogIm9haV9kb2FqIiwgIm4iOiA3OTUwMCwgImEiOiBbIjIwMjQtMDMtMjhUMDk6NDk6NDZaIiwgMl19