Application of fiber optics in water distribution networks for leak detection and localization: a mixed methodology-based review

Abstract

This study reviews the state-of-the-art application of fiber optics in water distribution networks for leak detection and localization. The use of fiber optics in the oil and gas sector has been well established; however, its potential in water pipelines is not evident owing to limited research. This study, therefore, presents the research developments of fiber optics in water leak detection and localization using the mixed methodology approach by integrating bibliometric and systematic analyses. A scientometric analysis is carried out to analyze the science maps of (1) journal sources, (2) contributing countries, and (3) co-occurrence of influential keywords. The systematic analysis evaluates the use of eight types of fiber optics, such as accelerometer-based fiber optics and hydrophone-based fiber optics, in water leak detection and localization. The review reveals five important directions for future research such as real network-based studies and the development of hybrid techniques. HIGHLIGHTS The study presents the state-of-the-art review of fiber optics application in water leak detection and localization.; Contributing sources, influential countries, and links between keywords in this domain are discussed using scientometric analysis.; Implementation of major fiber-optic classes including fiber Bragg grating and Raman distributed sensors are discussed.; Limitations and future research directions are given.;

Keywords

• fiber optics
• leak detection
• leak localization
• pipelines
• water distribution network
• water supply