Pediococcus acidilactici GR-5 alleviates hyperuricemia by degrading purine nucleosides and improving gut microbiota metabolism

Abstract

Abstract Reducing intestinal absorption by degrading purine nucleosides has been shown to alleviate hyperuricemia (HUA). The probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici GR-5, derived from the traditional food “Jiangshui”, achieved efficient degradation of purine nucleosides through its unique purine nucleoside phosphorylase-DeoD. In the purine nucleosides-induced HUA mouse model, GR-5 treatment reduced serum uric acid (UA) by about 52.17%. GR-5 may improves tissue inflammatory damage by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway, and restored the intestinal barrier by increasing tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 expression, which outperforming the allopurinol. The mechanism of UA reduction may also involves inhibiting UA synthase activity and regulating UA transporters level. GR-5 colonization in intestine increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, improved the metabolism of purine, tryptophan and bile acid by gut microbiota, and increased the level of SCFAs. Overall, GR-5 may be a potential preventive agent for improving HUA and is expected to provide a healthy option for preventing diet-induced HUA.