On the Solubility of Hydrogen in Metals and Alloys

Abstract

We review and analyse the factors affecting the solubility of interstitial atoms (H) in the metal alloys. The electronic structure and atomic ordering of the AB-type alloys, as well as methods of calculation of the solubility for ordering cubic alloys with octahedral interstitial pores are considered. We study the parameters of interstitial atoms, which make it possible to predict a decrease or increase in solubility, when the main role belongs to the ordering of the system. The parameters of the static distribution of atoms are determined. The relative solubility is represented as a function of the long-range order parameter (η), and the influence of bulk effects on this parameter is considered. The following systems are studied: Fe–Ni, Au–Cu, Pd–Au, Fe–Cr, Ti–Al, Cu–Zn, Ag–Zn, Fe–Al, Au–Ag, Fe–V, Pd–Pt, Ni–Mn, Ni–Fe, Cu–Au, Cu–Pd, Pd–Nb, Pd–Ag, as well as three-component alloys. As shown, through introducing impurities into the alloy, we can change significantly its physical-mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and other properties.

Keywords

• alloys
• interstitial atoms
• solubility
• ordering
• body-centred cubic (b.c.c.) structure
• face-centred cubic (f.c.c.) structure
• molecular kinetic theory