Potentially Probiotic Fermented Glutinous Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) with <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> Improved Immune System Response in a Small Sample of BALB/cByJ Mice
Muhaini Hussin,
Aliaa Anzian,
Crystal Xiao-Qi Liew,
Belal J. Muhialdin,
Aliah Zannierah Mohsin,
Chee-Mun Fang,
Mohd Zamri Saad,
Nurul Hawa Ahmad,
Masriana Hassan,
Hazniza Adnan,
Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
Affiliations
Muhaini Hussin
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Aliaa Anzian
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Crystal Xiao-Qi Liew
School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
Belal J. Muhialdin
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Aliah Zannierah Mohsin
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Chee-Mun Fang
School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Zamri Saad
Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurul Hawa Ahmad
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Masriana Hassan
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Hazniza Adnan
Science and Food Technology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
L. plantarum strains displayed different abilities to exhibit high survivability to acid (pH 3.0), bile salts (3%), enzyme (pepsin), and temperature (40 °C) and good antibiotic susceptibility. The isolates were further supplemented in traditional tapai pulut to study the immunomodulation properties of tapai pulut based on the splenic T- and B-cell populations. The mice groups were divided into group one (unfermented glutinous rice), group two (tapai pulut group), and group three (probiotic tapai pulut group). Group one showed consistent body weight gain, with the highest observed after four weeks. Group three exhibited the most significant reduction in the percentage of CD19+ B-cells. The CD3+ T-cells population of Group three increased significantly compared with the control mice, followed by Group two. The results suggest that traditional tapai pulut supplemented with L. plantarum has a high potential for supporting the immune system’s immunomodulatory effect.
