Reassortment incompetent live attenuated and replicon influenza vaccines provide improved protection against influenza in piglets
Annika Graaf-Rau,
Kathrin Schmies,
Angele Breithaupt,
Kevin Ciminski,
Gert Zimmer,
Artur Summerfield,
Julia Sehl-Ewert,
Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski,
Carina Helmer,
Wiebke Bielenberg,
Elisabeth grosse Beilage,
Martin Schwemmle,
Martin Beer,
Timm Harder
Affiliations
Annika Graaf-Rau
Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems
Kathrin Schmies
Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation
Angele Breithaupt
Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler- Institut
Kevin Ciminski
Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg
Gert Zimmer
Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern & Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland, and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern
Artur Summerfield
Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern & Mittelhaeusern, Switzerland, and Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern
Julia Sehl-Ewert
Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler- Institut
Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski
Ceva Santé Animale
Carina Helmer
SAN Group Biotech Germany GmbH
Wiebke Bielenberg
SAN Group Biotech Germany GmbH
Elisabeth grosse Beilage
Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation
Martin Schwemmle
Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg
Martin Beer
Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems
Timm Harder
Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems
Abstract Swine influenza A viruses (swIAV) cause an economically important respiratory disease in modern pig production. Continuous virus transmission and antigenic drift are difficult to control in enzootically infected pig herds. Here, antibody-positive piglets from a herd enzootically infected with swIAV H1N2 (clade 1 A.3.3.2) were immunized using a homologous prime-boost vaccination strategy with novel live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) based on a reassortment-incompetent bat influenza-swIAV chimera or a vesicular stomatitis virus-based replicon vaccine. Challenge infection of vaccinated piglets by exposure to H1N2 swIAV-infected unvaccinated seeder pigs showed that both LAIV and replicon vaccine markedly reduced virus replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract, respectively, compared to piglets immunized with commercial heterologous or autologous adjuvanted whole-inactivated virus vaccines. Our novel vaccines may aid in interrupting continuous IAV transmission chains in large enzootically infected pig herds, improve the health status of the animals, and reduce the risk of zoonotic swIAV transmission.
