Effect of Mixed <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>- and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>-Fermented Feed on Growth, Immunity, and Intestinal Health of Weaner Pigs
Jun Chen,
Guofang Wu,
Huili Pang,
Jiyun Hua,
Yifei Guan,
Miao Zhang,
Yaoke Duan,
Guangyong Qin,
Lei Wang,
Yimin Cai,
Zhongfang Tan
Affiliations
Jun Chen
Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Guofang Wu
Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
Huili Pang
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Jiyun Hua
Haidong City Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Haidong 810600, China
Yifei Guan
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Miao Zhang
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Yaoke Duan
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Guangyong Qin
Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Lei Wang
Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
Yimin Cai
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Tsukuba 305-8686, Japan
Zhongfang Tan
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Bamei pigs, an eximious local breed reared on the Tibetan Plateau of China, are facing problems such as feed shortages, weaning stress, and antibiotic abuse. This study aimed to improve the quality of feed, growth performance, intestinal microbiota, and immunity of Bamei pigs through feeding with potentially probiotic-fermented feed. Different feeds were administered to weaned Bamei piglets for 60 days, creating the following five experimental treatment groups: basal feed group; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-fermented-feed group; Bacillus subtilis-fermented-feed group; mixed-fermented-feed group; and antibiotic-supplemented-feed group. The results showed that the pH, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber of the potentially probiotic-fermented feeds were significantly reduced; organic acids were produced; and Coliform bacteria, Clostridium, and aerobic bacteria were effectively inhibited. Feeding with potentially probiotic-fermented feed not only reduced the feed-conversion ratio but also improved immunity by increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and typical inflammatory pathways. The 16s rDNA high-throughput-sequencing results showed that probiotic-fermented feed improved the diversity of intestinal microbiota, inhibited the growth of the opportunistic pathogens Clostridium and Streptococcus, increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Prevotella, and promoted gut health, demonstrating the promising application prospects of potentially probiotic-fermented feed.
