Optimizing ciprofloxacin removal from water using jamun seed (Syzygium cumini) biochar: A sustainable approach for ecological protection
Asha Ripanda,
Mwemezi J. Rwiza,
Elias Charles Nyanza,
Linda Numph Bih,
Miraji Hossein,
Ramadhani Bakari,
Somit Kumar Sigh,
Giridhar Reddy,
C.R. Ravikumar,
H.C. Ananda Murthy,
Karoli N. Njau,
Said Ali Hamad Vuai,
Revocatus L. Machunda
Affiliations
Asha Ripanda
School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, P. O Box 447, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania; Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, P O Box 338, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania; Corresponding author at: School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, P. O Box 447, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania.
Mwemezi J. Rwiza
School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, P. O Box 447, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania
Elias Charles Nyanza
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Catholic University of Health, and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), P. O Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
Linda Numph Bih
School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, P. O Box 447, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania
Miraji Hossein
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, P O Box 338, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
Ramadhani Bakari
Department of Petroleum and Energy Engineering, The University of Dodoma, P.O Box 11090, Dodoma, Tanzania
Somit Kumar Sigh
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, P O Box 338, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
Giridhar Reddy
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Department of Chemistry, Bengaluru 560035, India
C.R. Ravikumar
Research Centre, Department of chemistry, East West Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560091, India
H.C. Ananda Murthy
Department of Applied Sciences, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province 411, Papua New Guinea; Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMAT), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
Karoli N. Njau
School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, P. O Box 447, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania
Said Ali Hamad Vuai
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, P O Box 338, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
Revocatus L. Machunda
School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences, P. O Box 447, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Tengeru, Arusha, Tanzania
Scientific interest in antimicrobial pollutants, such as ciprofloxacin, has increased. Due to spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, resistance genes, and their dissemination to the environment. Therefore, their remediation is necessary to ensure ecological sustainability. The current study aimed to optimise the removal of ciprofloxacin from synthetic water using jamun seed (JS) (Syzygium cumini) biochar using a response surface methodology (RSM). Result indicates ciprofloxacin elimination efficiency ranged between 32.46 and 94.95%, indicating the material can be improved and used for remediation of organics. The residual standard error of 4.4% were found for the predicted model, implying that the model is credible and can be used to predict future experimental findings. The R-squarred value for the improved Langmuir model's R2 is 0.9681 which is inclose agreement with the Freundlich isotherm, R2 0.9757. Therefore, JS biochar could be utilized for the remediation of ciprofloxacin from contaminated water and wastewater for ecological safety and sustainability.
