npj Vaccines (Jul 2025)
Nipah virus vaccines evaluated in pigs as a ‘One Health’ approach to protect public health
- Rebecca K. McLean,
- Miriam Pedrera,
- Nazia Thakur,
- Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey,
- Sophia Hodgson,
- Sue Lowther,
- Tristan Reid,
- Shawn Todd,
- Brenton Rowe,
- Jemma Bergfeld,
- Lee Trinidad,
- Sarah Riddell,
- Sarah Edwards,
- Jean Payne,
- Jennifer Barr,
- Nick Rye,
- Matt Bruce,
- Tim Poole,
- Sheree Brown,
- Toni Dalziel,
- Gough Au,
- Megan Fisher,
- Rachel Layton,
- Teresa Lambe,
- Keith Chappell,
- Ariel Isaacs,
- Daniel Watterson,
- Mercedes Mourino,
- Ruediger Raue,
- Ireen Sultana Shanta,
- Ayesha Siddika,
- Mst Noorjahan Begum,
- Sezanur Rahman,
- Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan,
- Muntasir Alam,
- Mohammed Ziaur Rahman,
- Mustafizur Rahman,
- Elma Tchilian,
- Sarah C. Gilbert,
- Paul Young,
- Dalan Bailey,
- Glenn A. Marsh,
- Simon P. Graham
Affiliations
- Rebecca K. McLean
- The Pirbright Institute
- Miriam Pedrera
- The Pirbright Institute
- Nazia Thakur
- The Pirbright Institute
- Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey
- The Pirbright Institute
- Sophia Hodgson
- The Pirbright Institute
- Sue Lowther
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Tristan Reid
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Shawn Todd
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Brenton Rowe
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Jemma Bergfeld
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Lee Trinidad
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Sarah Riddell
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Sarah Edwards
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Jean Payne
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Jennifer Barr
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Nick Rye
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Matt Bruce
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Tim Poole
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Sheree Brown
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Toni Dalziel
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Gough Au
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Megan Fisher
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Rachel Layton
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Teresa Lambe
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford
- Keith Chappell
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland
- Ariel Isaacs
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland
- Daniel Watterson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland
- Mercedes Mourino
- Zoetis Manufacturing & Research Spain S.L
- Ruediger Raue
- Zoetis
- Ireen Sultana Shanta
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Ayesha Siddika
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Mst Noorjahan Begum
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Sezanur Rahman
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi
- Muntasir Alam
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Mohammed Ziaur Rahman
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Mustafizur Rahman
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
- Elma Tchilian
- The Pirbright Institute
- Sarah C. Gilbert
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford
- Paul Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland
- Dalan Bailey
- The Pirbright Institute
- Glenn A. Marsh
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
- Simon P. Graham
- The Pirbright Institute
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01212-y
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 11
Abstract
Abstract Nipah virus (NiV) causes a severe neurological disease in humans. The first NiV outbreak, in Malaysia, involved pig-to-human transmission, that resulted in significant economic losses to the local pig industry. Despite the risk NiV poses to pig-dense regions, no licensed vaccines exist. This study therefore assessed three NiV vaccine candidates in pigs: (1) adjuvanted soluble NiV (s)G protein, (2) adjuvanted pre-fusion stabilised NiV (mcs)F protein, and (3) adenoviral vectored NiV G (ChAdOx1 NiV G). NiV sG induced the strongest neutralising antibody response, NiV mcsF induced antibodies best able to neutralise cell-cell fusion, whereas ChAdOx1 NiV G elicited CD8+ T-cell responses. Despite differences in immunogenicity, prime-boost immunisation with all candidates conferred a high degree of protection against NiV infection. Follow-up studies demonstrated longevity of immune responses and broadly comparable immune responses in Bangladeshi pigs under field conditions. These studies provide a platform for developing a NiV vaccine for pigs.
