Content and Antioxidant Activity of Components in Different Polar Parts of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Their Correlation Analysis

Abstract

Objective: Using Semen Ziziphi Spinosae as the research subject, the antioxidant activity and chemical composition in various solvent extraction sections were investigated, and their correlation was examined. Methods: Semen Ziziphi Spinosae was extracted by the water decoction method, the extracts were successively extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol, and five polar parts were obtained, including water extract (S1), petroleum ether extract (S2), chloroform extract (S3), ethyl acetate extract (S4), and n-butanol extract (S5). The contents of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, total saponins, jujuboside A and spinosa in different polar parts were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant activities of different polar parts were studied by classical in vitro antioxidant and H2O2 cell oxidative damage methods. The correlation between six chemical components and antioxidant activities was analyzed by partial least squares regression. Results: Compared with other components in one part, the contents of total polysaccharides in S1, S2, S3 extraction parts were the highest, which were (17.40±0.47), (5.38±0.05) and (5.43±0.01) mg/g, respectively. The content of total flavonoids in S4 and S5 extraction parts was the highest, which were (17.49±0.47) and (23.18±0.20) mg/g, respectively. Each extraction site had good antioxidant activity, and the n-butanol extraction site (S5) had the strongest antioxidant capacity, showing a significant dose-effect relationship. Correlation analysis showed that total saponins (X2), total polysaccharides (X3), and spinosa content (X5) had a great influence on the antioxidant capacity of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae. Conclusion: The n-butanol extract of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae had the strongest antioxidant capacity. The active ingredients with an antioxidant effect were total saponins, total flavonoids, and spinosa. This study would provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth research and development of wild Semen Ziziphi Spinosae as a natural antioxidant and antioxidant food.

Keywords

• semen ziziphi spinosae
• polar part
• antioxidant activity
• correlation analysis
• partial least squares regression