New Journal of Physics (Jan 2021)
SNEWS 2.0: a next-generation supernova early warning system for multi-messenger astronomy
- S Al Kharusi,
- S Y BenZvi,
- J S Bobowski,
- W Bonivento,
- V Brdar,
- T Brunner,
- E Caden,
- M Clark,
- A Coleiro,
- M Colomer-Molla,
- J I Crespo-Anadón,
- A Depoian,
- D Dornic,
- V Fischer,
- D Franco,
- W Fulgione,
- A Gallo Rosso,
- M Geske,
- S Griswold,
- M Gromov,
- D Haggard,
- A Habig,
- O Halim,
- A Higuera,
- R Hill,
- S Horiuchi,
- K Ishidoshiro,
- C Kato,
- E Katsavounidis,
- D Khaitan,
- J P Kneller,
- A Kopec,
- V Kulikovskiy,
- M Lai,
- M Lamoureux,
- R F Lang,
- H L Li,
- M Lincetto,
- C Lunardini,
- J Migenda,
- D Milisavljevic,
- M E McCarthy,
- E O Connor,
- E O Sullivan,
- G Pagliaroli,
- D Patel,
- R Peres,
- B W Pointon,
- J Qin,
- N Raj,
- A Renshaw,
- A Roeth,
- J Rumleskie,
- K Scholberg,
- A Sheshukov,
- T Sonley,
- M Strait,
- V Takhistov,
- I Tamborra,
- J Tseng,
- C D Tunnell,
- J Vasel,
- C F Vigorito,
- B Viren,
- C J Virtue,
- J S Wang,
- L J Wen,
- L Winslow,
- F L H Wolfs,
- X J Xu,
- Y Xu
Affiliations
- S Al Kharusi
- Department of Physics, McGill University , Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada
- S Y BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America
- J S Bobowski
- ORCiD
- Physics, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
- W Bonivento
- INFN sezione di Cagliari Istituto Nazionale, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato , S.P. 8 Km 0.700, I-09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
- V Brdar
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory , Batavia, IL 60510, United States of America; Northwestern University , Department of Physics & Astronomy, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America; Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik , Postfach 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany
- T Brunner
- Department of Physics, McGill University , Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada; TRIUMF , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
- E Caden
- SNOLAB , Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury ON P3Y 1N2, Canada
- M Clark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
- A Coleiro
- Université de Paris , CNRS, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, F-75013, Paris, France
- M Colomer-Molla
- ORCiD
- Université de Paris , CNRS, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, F-75013, Paris, France; Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC-Universitat de València) c/ Catedrático José Beltrán , 2 E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- J I Crespo-Anadón
- Department of Physics, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027, United States of America
- A Depoian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
- D Dornic
- Aix Marseille University , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- V Fischer
- Department of Physics, University of California at Davis , Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
- D Franco
- Université de Paris , CNRS, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, F-75013, Paris, France
- W Fulgione
- OATo Torino & INFN sezione dei Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) , Assergi, Italy
- A Gallo Rosso
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University , Sudbury ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- M Geske
- Department of Physics, Gonzaga University , Spokane, WA 99258, United States of America
- S Griswold
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America
- M Gromov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University , Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, 119234 Moscow, Russia; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research , 141980 Dubna, Russia
- D Haggard
- Department of Physics, McGill University , Montréal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada
- A Habig
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, MN 55812, United States of America
- O Halim
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit‘a di Trieste , INFN sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- A Higuera
- Departments of Physics, Astronomy, and Computer Science, Rice University , 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
- R Hill
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University , Sudbury ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- S Horiuchi
- Center for Neutrino Physics , Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States of America
- K Ishidoshiro
- Research Centre for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- C Kato
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- E Katsavounidis
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- D Khaitan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America
- J P Kneller
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, NC State University , Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- A Kopec
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
- V Kulikovskiy
- INFN Sezione di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- M Lai
- Department of Physics, Cagliari University , Cagliari, CA 09127, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) , Italy
- M Lamoureux
- INFN Sezione di Padova & Università di Padova , Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
- R F Lang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
- H L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- M Lincetto
- Aix Marseille University , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- C Lunardini
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1504, United States of America
- J Migenda
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, King’s College London , London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
- D Milisavljevic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
- M E McCarthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America
- E O Connor
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University , AlbaNova, 109 61, Stockholm, Sweden
- E O Sullivan
- Deptartment of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- G Pagliaroli
- Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) & INFN sezione di Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) , Assergi, Italy
- D Patel
- Department of Physics, University of Regina , Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
- R Peres
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland
- B W Pointon
- ORCiD
- TRIUMF , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada; Department of Physics, British Columbia Institute of Technology , Burnaby, BC, V5G 3H2, Canada
- J Qin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
- N Raj
- ORCiD
- TRIUMF , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
- A Renshaw
- Department of Physics, University of Houston , Houston, TX 77204, United States of America
- A Roeth
- Department of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- J Rumleskie
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University , Sudbury ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- K Scholberg
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- A Sheshukov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research , 141980 Dubna, Russia
- T Sonley
- SNOLAB , Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury ON P3Y 1N2, Canada
- M Strait
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities , Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
- V Takhistov
- Department of Physics, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, United States of America
- I Tamborra
- Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK, Niels Bohr Institute , Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- J Tseng
- Oxford University , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- C D Tunnell
- Departments of Physics, Astronomy, and Computer Science, Rice University , 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
- J Vasel
- Department of Physics, Indiana University , Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
- C F Vigorito
- Department of Physics, University of Torino & INFN , via Pietro Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
- B Viren
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
- C J Virtue
- Department of Physics, Laurentian University , Sudbury ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- J S Wang
- Oxford University , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- L J Wen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- L Winslow
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
- F L H Wolfs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America
- X J Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik , Postfach 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany
- Y Xu
- Departments of Physics, Astronomy, and Computer Science, Rice University , 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, United States of America
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/abde33
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 23,
no. 3
p. 031201
Abstract
The next core-collapse supernova in the Milky Way or its satellites will represent a once-in-a-generation opportunity to obtain detailed information about the explosion of a star and provide significant scientific insight for a variety of fields because of the extreme conditions found within. Supernovae in our galaxy are not only rare on a human timescale but also happen at unscheduled times, so it is crucial to be ready and use all available instruments to capture all possible information from the event. The first indication of a potential stellar explosion will be the arrival of a bright burst of neutrinos. Its observation by multiple detectors worldwide can provide an early warning for the subsequent electromagnetic fireworks, as well as signal to other detectors with significant backgrounds so they can store their recent data. The supernova early warning system (SNEWS) has been operating as a simple coincidence between neutrino experiments in automated mode since 2005. In the current era of multi-messenger astronomy there are new opportunities for SNEWS to optimize sensitivity to science from the next galactic supernova beyond the simple early alert. This document is the product of a workshop in June 2019 towards design of SNEWS 2.0, an upgraded SNEWS with enhanced capabilities exploiting the unique advantages of prompt neutrino detection to maximize the science gained from such a valuable event.
Keywords
