Ion generation and loading of a Penning trap using pulsed laser ablation

Abstract

We investigated the production of aluminum and beryllium ions via pulsed laser ablation using 355 nm wavelength and 5 ns long laser pulses. The ablation threshold of Al ^+ and Be ^+ was measured to be 0.9 ± 0.1 (stat.) ± 0.3 (syst.) J cm ^−2 and 1.4 ± 0.1 (stat.) ± 0.4 (syst.) J cm ^−2 respectively. By employing electrostatic retarding potentials, the kinetic energy profile of the ablated ions was characterized as a function of laser fluence. Around the ablation threshold, we reliably produced between 10 ^8 and 10 ^10 ions, approximately 5% of which were dynamically trapped in a Penning–Malmberg trap.

Keywords

• pulsed laser ablation
• beryllium
• sympathetic cooling
• antihydrogen
• ion generation
• ion trapping