International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning (Mar 2020)
Elements of Open Education: An Invitation to Future Research
- Olaf Zawacki-Richter,
- Dianne Conrad,
- Aras Bozkurt,
- Cengiz Hakan Aydin,
- Svenja Bedenlier,
- Insung Jung,
- Joachim Stöter,
- George Veletsianos,
- Lisa Marie Blaschke,
- Melissa Bond,
- Andrea Broens,
- Elisa Bruhn,
- Carina Dolch,
- Marco Kalz,
- Michael Kerres,
- Yasar Kondakci,
- Victoria Marin,
- Kerstin Mayrberger,
- Wolfgang Müskens,
- Som Naidu,
- Adnan Qayyum,
- Jennifer Roberts,
- Albert Sangrà,
- Frank Senyo Loglo,
- Patricia J. Slagter van Tryon,
- Junhong Xiao
Affiliations
- Olaf Zawacki-Richter
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Dianne Conrad
- Athabasca University
- Aras Bozkurt
- Anadolou University
- Cengiz Hakan Aydin
- Anadolou University
- Svenja Bedenlier
- FernUniversity in Hagen
- Insung Jung
- International Christian University, Tokyo
- Joachim Stöter
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- George Veletsianos
- Royal Roads University
- Lisa Marie Blaschke
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Melissa Bond
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Andrea Broens
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Elisa Bruhn
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
- Carina Dolch
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Marco Kalz
- Heidelberg University of Education
- Michael Kerres
- University of Duisburg- Essen
- Yasar Kondakci
- Middle East Technical University
- Victoria Marin
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Kerstin Mayrberger
- University of Hamburg
- Wolfgang Müskens
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Som Naidu
- The University of the South Pacific
- Adnan Qayyum
- Pennsylvania State University
- Jennifer Roberts
- University of South Africa
- Albert Sangrà
- Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
- Frank Senyo Loglo
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg
- Patricia J. Slagter van Tryon
- East Carolina University
- Junhong Xiao
- Shantou Radio & Television University
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v21i3.4659
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 21,
no. 3
Abstract
This paper explores elements of open education within the context of higher education. After an introduction to the origins of open education and its theoretical foundations, the topics of open and distance learning, international education issues in open education, open educational practices and scholarship, open educational resources, MOOCs, prior learning accreditation and recognition, and learner characteristics are considered, following the framework of macro, meso, and micro levels of research in open and distance learning. Implications for future research at the macro, meso, and micro levels are then provided.
Keywords
- open education
- open learning
- distance education
- flexible learning
- online learning
- open educational resources
