The Application of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Leaf Meal and Its Fermentation Products in the Diet of <i>Megalobrama amblycephala</i> Juveniles

Abstract

This study assessed the potential applicability of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MO) and fermented Moringa oleifera leaf meal (FMO) as feed supplements for aquatic animals. Five experimental diets, including the basal diet (control), 2.2% and 4.4% MO-supplemented diets (MO2 and MO4), and 2.2% and 4.4% FMO-supplemented diets (FMO2 and FMO4), were prepared for feeding Megalobrama amblycephala juveniles. After the eight-week feeding trial, the growth performance, muscle nutritional composition, plasma and hepatic biochemistry indicators were measured. The results demonstrated that MO and FMO had no detrimental effects on the growth performance of M. amblycephala juveniles. The muscle crude protein, crude lipid, and total free amino acids contents were significantly enhanced in the FMO4 group (p p p p p M. amblycephala juveniles, while 2.2% FMO and 4.4% FMO improved the liver anti-inflammatory capacities.

Keywords

• <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf meal
• fermentation
• lipid metabolism
• antioxidant
• anti-inflammatory