Components characterization of total tetraploid jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum) saponin and its cholesterol-lowering properties

Jie Liu; Yanfang Li; Haiming Shi; Thomas Wang; Xianli Wu; Xiangjun Sun; Liangli (Lucy) Yu

Journal of Functional Foods (May 2016)

Components characterization of total tetraploid jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum) saponin and its cholesterol-lowering properties

Jie Liu,
Yanfang Li,
Haiming Shi,
Thomas Wang,
Xianli Wu,
Xiangjun Sun,
Liangli (Lucy) Yu

Affiliations

Jie Liu: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
Yanfang Li: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Haiming Shi: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Thomas Wang: Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
Xianli Wu: Nutrients Data Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
Xiangjun Sun: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Corresponding author. Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel: +86 21 3420 5711; fax: +86 21 3420 4107.
Liangli (Lucy) Yu: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Corresponding author. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. Tel: +1 301 0405 0761; fax: +301 314 3313.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 23
pp. 542 – 555

Abstract

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This study characterized chemical structures of tetraploid jiaogulan saponins, and investigated their cholesterol-lowering effects and mechanisms in hamsters fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Nine saponins, including five reported for the first time, were obtained from total jiaogulan saponins (TJS) and elucidated for their chemical structures according to 2D NMR and HR-MS data. Administration of TJS effectively decreased plasma total cholesterol by 17.4% and 32.6%, triacylglycerols by 22.8% and 47.7% and LDL-C by 22.0% and 40.2%, respectively. Moreover, supplementation with TJS significantly increased faecal excretion of total cholesterol and bile acids by 43.8% and 64.4%, respectively. TJS significantly up-regulated intestinal mRNA levels of ABCG5/8, LXRα, hepatic mRNA CYP7A1 and ABCG5 in hamsters on HFD. In addition, TJS decreased cholesterol micelle solubility and suppressed cholesterol uptake in cultured Caco-2 cells. Taking together, TJS may reduce plasma cholesterol by increasing faecal cholesterol excretion and through modulation of genes involved in cholesterol absorption and metabolism.

Published in Journal of Functional Foods

ISSN: 1756-4646 (Print); 2214-9414 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Technology: Home economics: Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-functional-foods

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