南方能源建设 (May 2023)
Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Power to Gas Conversion Considering Green Hydrogen Production and Carbon Capture
Abstract
[Introduction] At present, multi-energy complementation is one of the important means to reduce the phenomenon of renewable energy curtailment. With the advancement of power to gas (P2G) technology, the conversion of power and gas has also become an effective way to ensure the supply of comprehensive energy systems. However, in the current P2G link, the power-to-hydrogen (P2H) technology is not economical due to cost constraints, and sustainable development can only be achieved by utilizing resources such as curtailed wind and light. In addition, carbon capture technology also supplies raw materials for the P2G link, thereby reducing the gas purchase cost of the system. Although there have been many studies on P2G technology, few studies evaluate the comprehensive benefits of different links in the whole process of P2G. [Method] This study attempted to construct a microgrid system that is mainly based on renewable energy power generation and supplemented by gas-fired power generation, and conducted detailed calculations for the P2H and hydrogen methanation in the P2G process. [Result] Taking into account the conditions of carbon market, hydrogen market and methane market, a comprehensive evaluation method is applied to compare the economic-environmental-energy efficiency of P2H and power-to-methane (P2M) in different scenarios dominated by power demand, so as to provide reasonable suggestions for promoting the application of P2G in different scenarios. [Conclusion] The results show that when the proportion of renewable energy power generation is very high, the microgrid system with P2H has a higher energy and economic value than that with P2M. Although it is a little less environmentally beneficial, but the difference is not significant. The microgrid system with P2M performs optimally when the proportion of renewable energy power generation to gas turbine power generation reaches the optimal ratio. When the proportion of renewable energy power generation is less than 65%, the benefit of adding P2G is not good.
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