Investigation of the protective effects of lutein on memory and learning using behavioral methods in a male rat model of Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of lutein, a carotenoid with antioxidant functions, on memory and learning using behavioral methods in a rat model of AD. Beta-amyloid (Aβ) reduced passive avoidance learning (PAL), spatial and cognitive memory. On the other hand, lutein improved PAL, spatial memory in Morris water maze and Barnes maze tests, and cognitive memory in novel object recognition test. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) increased and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased in the AD group, while in groups receiving lutein, MDA and TOS levels decreased and TAC increased. Lutein improves learning and memory that it is probably due to its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. These results using an animal model are consistent with lutein as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment and prevention of AD.

Keywords

• Lutein
• Alzheimer's disease
• Hippocampus
• Learning
• Memory
• Beta-amyloid