Astaxanthin reduces MMP expressions, suppresses cancer cell migrations, and triggers apoptotic caspases of in vitro and in vivo models in melanoma

Yen-Ting Chen; Chien-Jen Kao; Hsin-Yi Huang; Shi-Ying Huang; Chung-Yi Chen; Yun-Sheng Lin; Zhi-Hong Wen; Hui-Min David Wang

Journal of Functional Foods (Apr 2017)

Astaxanthin reduces MMP expressions, suppresses cancer cell migrations, and triggers apoptotic caspases of in vitro and in vivo models in melanoma

Yen-Ting Chen,
Chien-Jen Kao,
Hsin-Yi Huang,
Shi-Ying Huang,
Chung-Yi Chen,
Yun-Sheng Lin,
Zhi-Hong Wen,
Hui-Min David Wang

Affiliations

Yen-Ting Chen: Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Chien-Jen Kao: National Defense Medical Center, Department of Internal medicine of Gangshan Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 82049, Taiwan
Hsin-Yi Huang: Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Shi-Ying Huang: College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China; Fujian Province key laboratory for the development of bioactive material from marine algae, Quanzhou, China
Chung-Yi Chen: Department of Nutrition and Health Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Yun-Sheng Lin: Department of Nutrition and Health Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Zhi-Hong Wen: Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Office of Industrial Collaboration and Continuing Education Affairs, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Corresponding authors at: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan. Tel.: 886 4 22873181 360#732; fax: 886 22852242; Mobil: 886 935753718 (H.-M.D. Wang). Office of Industrial Collaboration and Continuing Education Affairs, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan and Marine Biomedical Laboratory & Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan Tel.: 886 7 5252000#5038; fax: 886 7 5252021 (Z.-H. Wen).
Hui-Min David Wang: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Corresponding authors at: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan. Tel.: 886 4 22873181 360#732; fax: 886 22852242; Mobil: 886 935753718 (H.-M.D. Wang). Office of Industrial Collaboration and Continuing Education Affairs, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan and Marine Biomedical Laboratory & Center for Translational Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Rd, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan Tel.: 886 7 5252000#5038; fax: 886 7 5252021 (Z.-H. Wen).

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 31
pp. 20 – 31

Abstract

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This study assessed the use of astaxanthin as an anticancer agent for increasing inhibition to melanoma cells (A375 and A2058). Wound healing and invasion assays presented that astaxanthin treatment reduced melanoma cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. The effects on melanoma cell migration were conferred via suppressed expressions of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2 and 9. Dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay further showed that astaxanthin treatment reduced production of cellular reactive oxygen species. Cellular proliferation assay revealed potent dose-dependent inhibiting effects on melanoma cells. One-dimensional flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that astaxanthin induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Mechanisms of apoptosis were verified by double fluorescence staining with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide. The antitumor effects of astaxanthin significantly decreased tumor size in a xenograft model. In summary, the experimental results showed that astaxanthin has potent in vivo and in vitro inhibiting effects on melanoma tumor growth for developing as chemotherapeutic agents.

Published in Journal of Functional Foods

ISSN: 1756-4646 (Print); 2214-9414 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Technology: Home economics: Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-functional-foods

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