New Journal of Physics (Jan 2014)
High order harmonics from relativistic electron spikes
- Alexander S Pirozhkov,
- Masaki Kando,
- Timur Zh Esirkepov,
- Pablo Gallegos,
- Hamad Ahmed,
- Eugene N Ragozin,
- Anatoly Ya Faenov,
- Tatiana A Pikuz,
- Tetsuya Kawachi,
- Akito Sagisaka,
- James K Koga,
- Mireille Coury,
- James Green,
- Peta Foster,
- Ceri Brenner,
- Brendan Dromey,
- Dan R Symes,
- Michiaki Mori,
- Keigo Kawase,
- Takashi Kameshima,
- Yuji Fukuda,
- Liming Chen,
- Izuru Daito,
- Koichi Ogura,
- Yukio Hayashi,
- Hideyuki Kotaki,
- Hiromitsu Kiriyama,
- Hajime Okada,
- Nobuyuki Nishimori,
- Takashi Imazono,
- Kiminori Kondo,
- Toyoaki Kimura,
- Toshiki Tajima,
- Hiroyuki Daido,
- Pattathil Rajeev,
- Paul McKenna,
- Marco Borghesi,
- David Neely,
- Yoshiaki Kato,
- Sergei V Bulanov
Affiliations
- Alexander S Pirozhkov
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Masaki Kando
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Timur Zh Esirkepov
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Pablo Gallegos
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK; University of Strathclyde , Department of Physics, SUPA, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Hamad Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, The Queen’s University of Belfast , Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
- Eugene N Ragozin
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 53, Moscow 119991, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Institutskii pereulok 9, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region 141700, Russia
- Anatoly Ya Faenov
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; Joint Institute of High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaja Street 13/19, Moscow 127412, Russia; Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Tatiana A Pikuz
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; Joint Institute of High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaja Street 13/19, Moscow 127412, Russia
- Tetsuya Kawachi
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Akito Sagisaka
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- James K Koga
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Mireille Coury
- University of Strathclyde , Department of Physics, SUPA, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- James Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
- Peta Foster
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
- Ceri Brenner
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK; University of Strathclyde , Department of Physics, SUPA, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Brendan Dromey
- Centre for Plasma Physics, The Queen’s University of Belfast , Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
- Dan R Symes
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
- Michiaki Mori
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Keigo Kawase
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Takashi Kameshima
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Yuji Fukuda
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Liming Chen
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
- Izuru Daito
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Koichi Ogura
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Yukio Hayashi
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Hideyuki Kotaki
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Hiromitsu Kiriyama
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Hajime Okada
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Nobuyuki Nishimori
- Laser Application Technology Division, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
- Takashi Imazono
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Kiminori Kondo
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Toyoaki Kimura
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
- Toshiki Tajima
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine 92697-4575, USA
- Hiroyuki Daido
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; Applied Laser Technology Institute, Tsuruga Head Office, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizaki, Tsuruga, Fukui 914-8585, Japan
- Pattathil Rajeev
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
- Paul McKenna
- University of Strathclyde , Department of Physics, SUPA, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Marco Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, The Queen’s University of Belfast , Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
- David Neely
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK; University of Strathclyde , Department of Physics, SUPA, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
- Yoshiaki Kato
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1 Kurematsu-cho, Nishiku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-1202, Japan
- Sergei V Bulanov
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-city, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) , Institutskii pereulok 9, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region 141700, Russia; A. M. Prokhorov Institute of General Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 38, Moscow 119991, Russia
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/9/093003
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 16,
no. 9
p. 093003
Abstract
A new regime of relativistic high-order harmonic generation has been discovered (Pirozhkov 2012 Phys . Rev . Lett . http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.135004 108 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.135004 ). Multi-terawatt relativistic-irradiance (>10 ^18 W cm ^−2 ) femtosecond (∼30–50 fs) lasers focused to underdense (few × 10 ^19 cm ^−3 ) plasma formed in gas jet targets produce comb-like spectra with hundreds of even and odd harmonic orders reaching the photon energy of 360 eV, including the ‘water window’ spectral range. Harmonics are generated either by linearly or circularly polarized pulses from the J-KAREN (KPSI, JAEA) and Astra Gemini (CLF, RAL, UK) lasers. The photon number scalability has been demonstrated with a 120 TW laser, producing 40 μ J sr ^−1 per harmonic at 120 eV. The experimental results are explained using particle-in-cell simulations and catastrophe theory. A new mechanism of harmonic generation by sharp, structurally stable, oscillating electron spikes at the joint of the boundaries of the wake and bow waves excited by a laser pulse is introduced. In this paper, detailed descriptions of the experiments, simulations and model are provided and new features are shown, including data obtained with a two-channel spectrograph, harmonic generation by circularly polarized laser pulses and angular distribution.
Keywords
