Hydrocarbon origin and reservoir forming model of the Lower Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin

Abstract

According to the comparison of biomarkers in source rocks and crude oil, fluid inclusion analysis, and basin modeling, this paper discusses the oil source, hydrocarbon accumulation period and reservoir forming model of the Chang 9 and Chang 10 oil-bearing formations, Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin. The crude oil of Chang 9 in the Longdong and Jiyuan areas can be divided into two types, type I crude oil originated from the source rocks within Chang 7, while type I crude oil came from the source rocks within Chang 9. The crude oil of Chang 10 in Northern Shaanxi originated mainly from the source rocks of Chang 9. The Chang 9 oil reservoirs in both the Longdong and Jiyuan areas experienced two periods of hydrocarbon injection. The former reached the peak period of hydrocarbon injection in the first period (the depositional period of Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation), while the latter in the second period (the depositional period of Lower Cretaceous Zhidan Formation). There are two periods of continuous hydrocarbon injection in Chang 10 of Northern Shaanxi, generally from the early depositional period of the Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation to the middle-late depositional period of the Cretaceous Zhidan Formation. There are three types of hydrocarbon accumulation models in Chang 9 and Chang 10, i.e. “upper generation and lower storage”, “adjacent generation and lateral storage” and “self-generation and self-storage”. Key words: oil-source correlation, reservoir controlling factor, reservoir forming model, Chang 9 oil-bearing formation, Chang 10 oil- bearing formation, Ordos Basin