npj Science of Food (Dec 2024)

A multiplex microarray lateral flow immunoassay device for simultaneous determination of five mycotoxins in rice

  • Saowalak Adunphatcharaphon,
  • Oluwatobi Kolawole,
  • Thanasat Sooksimuang,
  • Waraporn Panchan,
  • Wannee Wasuthep,
  • Anuwut Petdum,
  • Grit Pichayawaytin,
  • Rungroj Jintamethasawat,
  • Narusorn Doljirapisit,
  • Armote Somboonkaew,
  • Prae Noppakuadrittidej,
  • Sudtida Kaew-amdee,
  • Manlika Makornwattana,
  • Julie Meneely,
  • Christopher T. Elliott,
  • Awanwee Petchkongkaew,
  • Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-024-00342-2
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 1
pp. 1 – 12

Abstract

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Abstract Co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins is a growing global food safety concern due to their harmful effects on humans and animals. This study developed an eco-friendly sample preparation method and an innovative multiplex microarray-based lateral flow immunoassay, using a novel portable reader for on-site simultaneous determination of five regulated mycotoxins—aflatoxin B1, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and fumonisin B1 in rice. The eco-friendly and ultrafast extraction procedure utilizes a bio-based solvent. Principally, the microarray signals generated through a novel luminescent organic dye were captured to quantify mycotoxin levels in samples using a portable reader installed with a user-friendly interface. The assay demonstrates accurate detection and quantification of these mycotoxins, with recoveries ranging from 77% to 127%. Detection limits ranged from 0.56 to 1.89 μg/kg, which were well below their regulatory limits, with a relative standard deviation below 25%. This analytical system provides an on-site method for detecting multiple mycotoxins in rice.