IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society (Jan 2022)
BEOL Process Effects on ePCM Reliability
- A. Redaelli,
- A. Gandolfo,
- G. Samanni,
- E. Gomiero,
- E. Petroni,
- L. Scotti,
- A. Lippiello,
- P. Mattavelli,
- J. Jasse,
- D. Codegoni,
- A. Serafini,
- R. Ranica,
- C. Boccaccio,
- J. Sandrini,
- R. Berthelon,
- J.-C. Grenier,
- O. Weber,
- D. Turgis,
- A. Valery,
- S. Del Medico,
- V. Caubet,
- J.-P. Reynard,
- D. Dutartre,
- L. Favennec,
- A. Conte,
- F. Disegni,
- M. De Tomasi,
- A. Ventre,
- M. Baldo,
- D. Ielmini,
- A. Maurelli,
- P. Ferreira,
- F. Arnaud,
- F. Piazza,
- P. Cappelletti,
- R. Annunziata,
- R. Gonella
Affiliations
- A. Redaelli
- ORCiD
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- A. Gandolfo
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- G. Samanni
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- E. Gomiero
- ORCiD
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- E. Petroni
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- L. Scotti
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- A. Lippiello
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- P. Mattavelli
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- J. Jasse
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- D. Codegoni
- FMT Physical Lab, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- A. Serafini
- FMT Physical Lab, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- R. Ranica
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- C. Boccaccio
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- J. Sandrini
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- R. Berthelon
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- J.-C. Grenier
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- O. Weber
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- D. Turgis
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- A. Valery
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- S. Del Medico
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- V. Caubet
- ORCiD
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- J.-P. Reynard
- ORCiD
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- D. Dutartre
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- L. Favennec
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- A. Conte
- ORCiD
- MDG Technologies & NVM IPs CRD, STMicroelectronics, Catania, Italy
- F. Disegni
- Automotive and Discrete Group, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- M. De Tomasi
- Automotive and Discrete Group, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- A. Ventre
- Automotive and Discrete Group, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- M. Baldo
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano and IU.NET, Milan, Italy
- D. Ielmini
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano and IU.NET, Milan, Italy
- A. Maurelli
- ORCiD
- Automotive and Discrete Group, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- P. Ferreira
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- F. Arnaud
- ORCiD
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- F. Piazza
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- P. Cappelletti
- Technology, Manufacturing and Quality, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- R. Annunziata
- Smart Power Technology R&D, STMicroelectronics, Agrate Brianza, Italy
- R. Gonella
- Digital Front-End Manufacturing–Technology & Design Platform, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2022.3162755
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10
pp. 563 – 568
Abstract
The effect of back-end of line (BEOL) process on cell performance and reliability of Phase-Change Memory embedded in a 28nm FD-SOI platform (ePCM) is discussed. The microscopic evolution of the Ge-rich GST alloy during process is the focus of the first part of the paper. A new metric for quantification of active material modifications is introduced to better follow its evolution with process sequence. Ge clustering has been shown to occur during the fabrication, impacting the pristine resistance and the after forming cell performance. Two different BEOL processes are then benchmarked in terms of key performance. An optimized process is identified, and an extensive electrical characterization of array performance and reliability is done on the full 16MB chip. The optimized BEOL process results in a memory cell fully compatible with the requirements for demanding automotive applications.
Keywords