BIOAKTIVITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN NAMNAM SERTA KOMBINASINYA DENGAN MADU TRIGONA [Bioactivity of Methanol Extract of Namnam Leaves in Combination with Trigona Honey]

Abstract

Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L) and trigona honey are two potential natural ingredients to be developed in Indonesia. However, scientific evidence of their active compounds and bioactivity is still rarely found, particularly the combination of these two materials. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the active ingredients of the combination of the two materials, i.e. total phenolic, flavonoids, vitamin C and β-carotene and its bioactive capabilities such as antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The analysis showed the methanol extract of Namnam leaves (EMDN) and trigona honey either in their sole form or combined form has antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The EMDN was more active to Staphylococcus aureus (23.7±3.3 mm) than to Escherichia coli, while the Trigona honey (MT) more active to Escherichia coli (32.6±4.4 mm) than Staphylococcus aureus (16.6±4.1 mm). Similarly, the combination of EMDN and MT showed higher activity to Escherichia coli (23±1.9 mm) than Staphylococcus aureus (17.6±2.6 mm). Analysis of the antioxidant activity also showed that EMDN provided the highest activity with an IC50 of 0.0048±0.000 mg/mL), while a combined EMDN and MT had an IC50 of 0.0085±0.000 mg/mL) and MT with an IC50 of 3.736±0.112 mg/mL. Moreover, this analysis also showed that sole samples of MT and EMDN have total phenolic content, flavonoids, and vitamin C that were higher than the combination of MT and EMDN. However, the content of β-carotene in the combined form of MT and EMDN was higher. Thus trigona honey, methanol extract of leaves Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L) in a single form or in a combination are potential to be utilized and developed as a source of antioxidants and antibacterial in the form of functional food.

Keywords

• antibacterial
• antioxidant
• Cynometra cauliflora L
• honey trigona
• namnam