Invariant perfect tensors

Abstract

Invariant tensors are states in the SU(2) tensor product representation that are invariant under SU(2) action. They play an important role in the study of loop quantum gravity. On the other hand, perfect tensors are highly entangled many-body quantum states with local density matrices maximally mixed. Recently, the notion of perfect tensors has attracted a lot of attention in the fields of quantum information theory, condensed matter theory, and quantum gravity. In this work, we introduce the concept of an invariant perfect tensor (IPT), which is an n -valent tensor that is both invariant and perfect. We discuss the existence and construction of IPTs. For bivalent tensors, the IPT is the unique singlet state for each local dimension. The trivalent IPT also exists and is uniquely given by Wigner’s $3j$ symbol. However, we show that, surprisingly, 4-valent IPTs do not exist for any identical local dimension d . On the contrary, when the dimension is large, almost all invariant tensors are asymptotically perfect, which is a consequence of the phenomenon of the concentration of measure for multipartite quantum states.

Keywords

• perfect invariant tensor
• quantum gravity
• quantum code