Effects of Codonopsis pilosula crude polysaccharides by hypoglycemic and modulating gut microbiome in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced mouse model of T2DM

Abstract

The study explored the nature and structure of ultrasonically extracted Codonopsis pilosulae crude polysaccharides (CPCPs) and the effects of CPCPs on hypoglycemic effects and gut flora in a high glucose and high-fat feeding and STZ-induced T2DM mice model. The results showed that the CPCPs consisted mainly of polysaccharides, uronic acids, proteins and SO42−. CPCPs consisted of β-type pyranose and exhibited porous, irregular fibrillation and aggregation, and inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. 1 g/kg CPCPs reduced diabetic symptoms, including modulation of body weight and blood biochemistry levels, reduced blood sugar and lipids, liver, kidney, pancreas indices, oxidative damage and inflammatory factor levels in T2DM mice. For diabetic mice gut microbes, 1 g/kg CPCPs reduced the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes; at the genus level and reduced Enterobacter abundance and increased Bacteroides abundance. These results suggested that CPCPs may be effective supplements for preventing or treating of T2DM.

Keywords

• Codonopsis pilosulae
• Polysaccharide
• T2DM
• Gut microbes
• Oxidative stress
• Blood sugar