Peptide identification in a porcine gelatin prolyl endoproteinase hydrolysate with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and hypotensive activity

Abstract

A targeted enzymatic approach was employed for the generation of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory/anti-hypertensive peptides. Porcine skin gelatin was hydrolysed with Aspergillus niger prolyl endoproteinase (An-PEP) to produce an hydrolysate with potent ACE inhibitory activity (mean IC50: 220.2 µg mL−1) after 4-h hydrolysis. Peptide identification was achieved by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The ACE-inhibitory activity of a selection of the identified peptides was determined. The most potent peptide was Met-Gly-Pro with an ACE IC50 of 51.11 ± 1.14 µM. Furthermore, oral administration (50 mg/kg body weight) of the hydrolysate to spontaneously hypertensive rats resulted in decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of −28.89 ± 5.11 and −22.86 ± 5.65 mm Hg, respectively. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were also reduced (−25.99 ± 5.66 mm Hg and −53.63 ± 17.67 bpm, respectively). The beneficial in vivo effects may be related to the potent C-terminal containing proline ACE-inhibitory peptides in the hydrolysate.

Keywords

• Bioactive peptides
• LC-MS
• Gelatin hydrolysate
• Angiotensin converting enzyme
• Aspergillus niger prolyl endoproteinase (An-PEP)
• Protein hydrolysate