Antidotal properties of zeaxanthin as a functional food and one of the most common carotenoids in nature: A review

Abstract

Zeaxanthin, an oxygenated form of carotenoid, is a well-known natural pigment and an anti-oxidant agent. Its anti-oxidant function has been shown in many studies, and it has shown no significant signs of toxicity, making it safe for therapeutic use against biologicals, chemicals, and radiation-induced toxicities. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the protective and antidotal effectiveness of zeaxanthin in mitigating the toxic effects generated by biological agents, chemical substances, natural toxins, and radiation exposure. Many studies suggest the protective effects of zeaxanthin against chemical, natural, and radiation-induced toxicities. Zeaxanthin can decrease apoptosis and inflammation, oxidative stress, pathological changes, and other effects of toxins. Besides an anti-oxidant agent, zeaxanthin can be used against many other toxicities and toxins. However, prior to utilizing zeaxanthin as a therapeutic agent for various disorders, it is imperative to conduct more clinical trials and human investigations.

Keywords

• Zeaxanthin
• Toxicity
• Inflammation
• Fibrosis
• Angiogenesis