Quinic acid derivatives from Salicornia herbacea alleviate HMGB1-mediated endothelial dysfunction

Abstract

The high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been targeted in the discovery of dietary supplements or medicinal resources to treat vascular inflammatory diseases. Salicornia herbacea has been utilized as a seasoned vegetable, salad, and traditional medicinal resource as well. Two new (1 and 2) and four known (3–6) caffeoylated quinic acids (CQAs) were isolated from the crude extract of S. herbacea exhibiting anti-HMGB1 activity. The isolated CQAs were further evaluated for their potential to ameliorate HMGB1-mediated vascular barrier disruption. Compounds 1, 3, 5, and 6 exerted vascular protective activity against HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in both cellular and animal models and their mechanisms were also addressed. The active CQAs increased survival rates of cecal ligation and puncture-induced severe septic models to 20–40%. This study may serve the groundwork for commercializing CQAs as functional food components for prevention and treatment of pathogenic conditions related to endothelial hyperpermeability.

Keywords

• Caffeoylated quinic acid derivatives
• Dietary supplements
• High mobility group box 1 protein
• Salicornia herbacea
• Vascular dysfunction