Development of a microwave-assisted extraction combined with homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction for the extraction of chloramphenicol and florfenicol from chicken meat samples before their analysis using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector

Abstract

Residues of drugs used in poultry farming are recognized as significant pollutants, posing potential risks to consumer health. Among these, antibiotics are widely administered to combat infectious diseases, with residues frequently detected in various products, including chicken meat. Given the high consumption of chicken in the country, it is crucial to monitor commonly used antibiotics such as chloramphenicol and florfenicol in these products. In this study, a combined method of microwave-assisted extraction and homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction was employed to extract chloramphenicol and florfenicol from chicken meat samples. The extracted antibiotics were subsequently analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. Under optimal conditions, extraction recoveries were 60% for chloramphenicol and 66% for florfenicol, demonstrating the method’s efficiency. The detection limits were 0.20 ng/g for chloramphenicol and 0.17 ng/g for florfenicol, indicating the method’s sensitivity to low concentrations. Notably, florfenicol residues were detected in two of the ten chicken samples tested.

Keywords

• homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction
• microwave-assisted extraction
• chloramphenicol
• florfenicol
• hplc
• chicken meat