Unripe Citrus unshiu peel inhibited pre-adipocyte’s differentiation via leptin-PPARγ/FAS pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ release

Abstract

By 2030 the obese is prospected 20% of female and 14% of male and obesity induces many diseases. The active compounds in unripe C. unshiu peels were defined and anti-obesity effect was evaluated using with 3T3-L1 cell and high-fat diet mouse. In cell study the anti-obesity effect was analyzed using with oil red O stain and western blot and in animal study that was analyzed using with blood chemistry analysis, H&E stain, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and ELISA. Thirty percentage ethanol extract of C. unshiu peels most effectively inhibited preadipocyte’s differentiation via PPARγ-C/EBPα pathway. In animal study it decreased the levels of LDL and leptin, suppressed fat accumulation, prevented adipogenesis via controlling PPARγ-C/EBPα-FAS, and inhibited inflammation via down-regulation of IL-1β, IL-13, and TNF-α. C. unshiu is a promising candidate for anti-obesity medication and for anti-inflammatory drug via regulating the level of leptin and the active compounds are supposed narirutin and hesperidin.

Keywords

• C. unshiu
• Narirutin
• Hesperidin
• Anti-obesity
• Anti-inflammation
• PPARγ-C/EBPα-FAS