Food Science & Nutrition (Jul 2024)

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Lippia origanoides Kunth in diabetic rats

  • Vinicius Carvalho Miranda,
  • Yago Luis Gonçalves Pereira,
  • Allane Patricia Santos daPaz,
  • Keyla Rodrigues deSouza,
  • Márcia Cristina Freitas daSilva,
  • Nilton Akio Muto,
  • Patrick Romano Monteiro,
  • Agenor Valadares Santos,
  • Moises Hamoy,
  • Maria das Graças Freire deMedeiros,
  • Iolanda Souza doCarmo,
  • Maria Eduarda Moraes Silva,
  • José deSousa Lima Neto,
  • Vanessa Jóia deMello

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4162
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 7
pp. 5131 – 5146

Abstract

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Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder commonly associated with atherosclerosis. Plants with therapeutic potential, such as Lippia origanoides Kunth, emerge as effective alternatives for treating these diseases. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Lippia origanoides Kunth (ELo) in alloxan‐diabetic rats. Animals were treated orally: normal control, hyperglycemic control, positive control glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), and groups treated with ELo (75, 150, and 250 mg/kg). Preclinical evaluation of ELo showed hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatic, and renal protective effects. At all doses, ELo significantly reduced hyperglycemia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient, and cardiovascular risk index (p < .05). Elo at different doses promoted an increase in insulin release compared to untreated animals (p < .05) and showed α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (p < .05). Also, ELo (250 mg/kg group) showed maximum reduction of hyperglycemia, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, malonaldehyde, and urea compared to the hyperglycemic and glibenclamide groups, and creatinine only compared to the hyperglycemic groups (p < .05). The promising action of ELo in the context of diabetes may be related to the synergistic action of flavonoid compounds identified in liquid chromatography, whose pharmacological capabilities have already been documented in previous studies. The mechanisms may be the stimulation of insulin release; the inhibitory activity of α‐glucosidase; improving general clinical conditions; and the antioxidant effects of the extract. These findings pave the way for the future development of an herbal presentation of L. origanoides Kunth as a hypoglycemic and cardiovascular protector with a lipid‐lowering effect.

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