Free fatty acid receptor 2 promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating STAT3 and GATA4

Abstract

Free fatty acids (FFAs) play important roles in cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that it is an important way for FAs to exert biological effects through their own receptors besides directly participating biochemical reaction in body. Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) can be activated by short-chain FAs and is involved in inflammatory reactions and lipid accumulation. Since the known pathological changes caused by FFA2 are also implicated in cardiac hypertrophy, we hypothesized that FFA2 might be pathogenic in cardiac hypertrophy. This paper showed that FFA2 expression significantly increased in cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. FFA2 agonist 4-CMTB or TUG-1375 promoted the expression of the hypertrophy markers ANF and BNP and increased cell surface area in vitro, which was further strengthened by FFA2 overexpression, suggesting that FFA2 might contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Furthermore, 4-CMTB treatment or FFA2 overexpression combined with 4-CMTB treatment elevated the phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of GATA4 and STAT3, which were inhibited by an ERK1/2 inhibitor, and GATA4 and STAT3 knockdown inhibited the elevation of hypertrophy biomarkers in cardiomyocytes treated with 4-CMTB. Taken together, these data indicate that FFA2 can enhance cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating STAT3 and GATA4 via ERK1/2, providing a potential new target for therapy.

Keywords

• FFA2
• Cardiac hypertrophy
• GATA4
• STAT3
• ERK1/2